Kblffl法语与英语词汇中的伪同源词列表1.docx
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Kblffl法语与英语词汇中的伪同源词列表1
生命是永恒不断的创造,因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力,它不断流溢,越出时间和空间的界限,它不停地追求,以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
--泰戈尔
法语与英语词汇中的伪同源词列表
(1)
AchèvementvsAchievement
Achèvementreferstothecompletionorculminationofsomething.
Achievementhasamorepositivesenseofattainingsomethingthatwassoughtafter:
exploit,réussite,accomplissement.
ActuellementvsActually
Actuellementmeans"atthepresenttime,"andshouldbetranslatedascurrentlyorrightnow.Jetravailleactuellement-Iamcurrentlyworking.Arelatedwordisactuel,whichmeanspresentorcurrent:
leproblèmeactuel-thecurrent/presentproblem.
Actuallymeans"infact"andshouldbetranslatedasenfaitoràvraidire.Actually,Idon'tknowhim-Enfait,jeneleconnaispas.Actualmeansrealortrue,anddependingonthecontextcanbetranslatedasréel,véritable,positif,orconcret:
Theactualvalue-lavaleurréelle.
AffairevsAffair
Affairecanmeanbusiness,matter,deal,transaction,orscandal.
Affairistheequivalentofaffaireonlyinthesenseofaneventorconcern.Aloveaffairisuneliaison,uneaffaired'amour,oruneaventureamoureuse.
AffluencevsAffluence
Uneaffluenceisacrowdofpeople:
Ilyavaituneaffluenceattendantàlaporte-Therewerecrowdswaitingatthedoor.
Affluenceindicatesalotofsomething(usuallywealth):
There'sanaffluenceofinformationhere-Ilyauneabondanced'informationici.Hisaffluenceisobvious-Sarichesseestévidente.
AgendavsAgenda
Agendareferstoadatebook.
Agendameansl'ordredujourorleprogramme.
AgonievsAgony
Agoniereferstodeathpangsormortalagony,whileAgonymeansseverephysicalormentalpain,butnotnecessarilyjustthissideofdeath:
angoisse,supplice.
AimervsAim
Aimermeanstolikeortolove.
Aimcanbeanoun-but,visées-oraverb-braquer,pointer,viser.
AmitiévsAmity
AmitiéisthegenericFrenchwordforfriendship,whileAmityisusedmorespecificallytomeanpeacefulrelationsbetweennations-concordeorbonsrapports.
AncienvsAncient
Anciencanmeanoldinthesenseofnotyoungaswellasinthesenseofformer:
monancienprofesseur-myold(former)teacher,monprofesseurancien-myold(aged)teacher.Learnmoreaboutadjectives.
Ancientmeansantiqueortrèsvieux.
ArgumentvsArgument
Argumentisasemi-falsecognate.Itmeansargumentinthesenseofamathematicalorphilosophicalargument.Also:
argumentmassue-sledgehammerblow;argumentpublicitaire-advertisingclaim;argumentdevente-sellingpoint.
Argumentisunediscussion,uneconversation,undébat,orunedispute.
AssistancevsAssistance
Assistanceisasemi-falsecognate.It'sprimarymeaningisaudience.
Assistanceindicateshelporaid.
AssistervsAssist
Assisterànearlyalwaysmeanstoattendsomthing:
J'aiassistéàlaconférence-Iattended(wentto)theconference.
Assistmeanstohelporaidsomeoneorsomething:
Iassistedthewomanintothebuilding-J'aiaidéladameàentrerl'immeuble.
AssumervsAssume
Assumeronlymeanstoassumeinthesenseoftakingonresponsabilityorassumingcontrol.Italsomeanstoholdajoborfulfillarole.
Assumeisasemi-falsecognate.Inadditiontoassumer,itcanalsomeansupposerorprésumer.
AttendrevsAttend
Attendreàmeanstowaitfor:
Nousavonsattendupendantdeuxheures-Wewaitedfortwohours.
Attendistranslatedbyassister(seeabove):
Iattendedtheconference-J'aiassistéàlaconférence.
AudiencevsAudience
Audienceisasemi-falsecognate.InadditiontothemeaningoftheEnglishword,itcansignify:
Votreaudience,s'ilvousplaît-Yourattention,please.Ceprojetaunlargeaudience-Thisprojecthasalotofattention.Donneraudienceàquelqu'un-Tomeetwith/listentosomeone.Audiencepublique-Apublicmeeting.
Audienceisagroupofspectatorsorlisteners.
AvertissementvsAdvertisement
Avertissementisawarningorcaution,fromtheverbavertir-towarn.
Advertisementisunepublicité,uneréclame,orunspotpublicitaire.
BailvsBail
Bailisalease;thepluralisBaux.
Bailisunecaution,onbailissouscaution.
BalancevsBalance
Balanceisapairofscalesorweighingmachine.Itcanalsorefertoaeconomicbalance.
Balancecanbealloftheabove,plus閝uilibreoraplomb.
BallotvsBallot
BallotmeansabundleorpackagewhileBallotreferstoabulletindevote(thepaperuponwhichonevotes)orascrutin(themethodofvoting).
BatterievsBattery
Batterieisasemi-falsecognate.ItisequivalenttotheEnglishwordinallsenses,butitcanalsorefertoasetofdrumsorthepercussioninstrumentsinaband.
Batteryreferstoanelectricaldevicethatprovidespoweraswellasmilitaryweapons:
abatteryofartillery-unebatteriedecanons.
BlancvsBlank
Blancisasemi-falsecognate.ItisusuallytheFrenchwordforthecolorwhitebutcaninsomeinstancesbetranslatedbyblank:
unefeuilleblanche-ablanksheetofpaper.
Blankisanadjectivemeaningemptyorwithoutmarkings.
BondvsBond
Bondreferstoaleaporjump.Bondir-tojump.
Bondcanmeanunengagement,uneobligation,orunlien.Tobond-coller.
BoutvsBout
Boutmeansend,tip,orbit.
Boutreferstounecrise(derheumatisme)oruncombat.
BrasvsBras
Brasisanarm.
Brasisthepluralofbra-soutien-gorge.
BureauvsBureau
Bureauisasemi-falsecognate.Itcanrefertoadeskoranoffice,aswellasadepartment:
Bureaueurop閑ndel'environnement-EuropeanEnvironmentOffice.
Bureaucanalsomeanacertaindepartment,especiallyingovernment.InBritishEnglish,abureauhasthesamesenseofdeskasinFrench,butinAmericanEnglishabureauisachestofdrawers:
commode.
CandidevsCandid
Candidemeansnaïveoringenuous;Candidmeansopenorfrank:
franc,sincère.
CarvsCar
Carismostoftenusedasaconjunction:
becauseorfor.Asanoun,itreferstoacoachorbus.
Carisunevoiture.
CaractèrevsCharacter
Caractèrerefersonlytothecharacterortemperamentofapersonorthing:
Cettemaisonaducaractère-Thishousehascharacter.
Charactercanmeanbothnature/temperamentaswellasapersoninaplay:
Educationdevelopscharacter-L'éducationdéveloppelecaractère.Romeoisafamouscharacter-Romeoestunpersonnagecélebre.
CartonvsCarton
Cartonisasemi-falsecognate.Whileitcanrefertoabox,itcanalsomeansimplycardboard.Itcanalsoindicateatarget,sketch,orcard.
Cartoncanbeapot,carton,boîte,brick,orcartouche.
CasevsCase
Caseisasquareorabox(e.g.,onaform),acompartment,orahut.
Casecanrefertouncas,unprocès,orunevalise.
CautionvsCaution
Cautionisafinancialterm;itcanmeanguarantee,security,bail,orbacking.
Cautionindicatesprudence,circonspection,oravertissement.
CeinturevsCentury
Ceintureisabelt.
Centuryisunsiècle.
CentvsCent
CentistheFrenchwordforahundred.
Centcanbefigurativelytranslatedbyunsou.Literally,itisonehundredthofadollar.
ChairvsChair
Chairmeansflesh.
Chaircanbeunechaise,unfauteuil(armchair),orunsiège(seat).
ChargevsCharge
Chargeasanouncanmeanburden,load,cargo,responsibility.Theverbchargermeanstoloadortocharge.
Chargethenouncanmeaninculpation,accusation,orattaque.Theverbtochargecanmeanaccuserorfairepayer.
ChatvsChat
ChatistheFrenchwordforcat.
Chatisbothanounandaverb:
bavarder/bavardageordiscuter/discussion.
ChopevsChop
Chopeisamugorpint.
Chopcanbeanoun-unecôtelette,uncoup-oraverb-trancher,couper,hacher.
CirculationvsCirculation
Circulationisasemi-falsecognate.Inadditiontothecirculationofair,water,etc.,itcanmeantraffic.
Circulationmeanscirculationorpropagation.
ClientvsClient
Clientisasemi-falsecognate.Inadditiontoclient,itcanrefertoacustomer,patron,orpatient.
Clientisaclient.
CoinvsCoin
CoinreferstoacornerineverysenseoftheEnglishword.Itcanalsobeusedfigurativelytomeanarea:
l'épicierducoin-thelocalgrocer.
Coinisapieceofmetalusedasmoney-unepiècedemonnaie.
CollègevsCollege
Collègeandlycéebothrefertohighschool:
Moncollègea1000élèves-Myhighschoolhas1,000students.
Collegeistranslatedbyuniversité:
Thiscollege'stuitionisveryexpensive-Lesfraisdescolaritéàcetteuniversitésonttrèsélevés.
CombinaisonvsCombination
Combinaisonisasemi-falsecognate.Itcanrefertoaslip,overalls,oraski-suit.
CombinationisequivalenttotheFrenchinvirtuallyallsensesoftheword.InBritishEnglish,Combinationcanalsorefertounside-car.
CommandervsCommand
Commanderisasemi-falsecognate.Itmeanstoorder(acommand)aswellastoorderamealorgoods/services.Unecommandeisanorder.
Commandcanbetranslatedbycommander,ordonner,orexiger.Itisalsoanoun:
ordreorcommandement.
CommentvsComment
Commentisanadverbmeaninghoworwhat:
Commentvas-tu?
-Howareyou?
Commentt'appelles-tu?
-Whatisyourname?
ACommentisuneobservationoruncommentaire.
CommodevsCommode
Commodeasanadjectivemeansconvenientorhandy;asanounitindicatesachestofdrawers.
Commoderarelymeansachestofdrawers,inAmericanEnglishitusuallyreferstoatoilet:
toilettesorcabinets.InBritishEnglish,itmeansaspecialchairwithahole,underwhichisachamberpot(normallyusedbydisabledpersons):
unechaisepercée.
CommoditévsCommodity
Commoditémeansconvenience:
lescommoditésdelaviemoderne-theconveniencesofmodernlife.
Commodityreferstoaproductfortrade,goods:
produit,article,denrée(latterrefersonlytofood).
CompletvsComplete
Completisanadjective:
complete,comprehensive,full,total.Th