管理学原理答案.docx
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管理学原理答案
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CHAPTER1Innovationforturbulenttime
(1)
TRUE/FALSE
1.Managementisoftenconsidereduniversal(通用的)becauseitusesorganizationalresourcestoaccomplishgoalsandattain(达到)highperformanceinalltypesofprofitandnot-for-profitorganizations.T
2.Leadershipinvolvestheuseofinfluencetomotivate(刺激)employeestoachievetheorganisation’sgoals.T
3.Organisingmeansdefining(明确)goalsforfutureorganisationalperformanceanddecidingonthetasksandresourcesneededtoattainthem。
F
4。
Efficiencyreferstothedegreetowhichtheorganisationachievesastated(规定的)objective(目标).F
5。
Themanager'sabilityto‘thinkstrategically(战略性的)’requireshightechnicalskillsandaproficiency(精通)inspecifictaskswithinanorganisation。
F
6。
First-linemanagersarethemanagerswhohavetheresponsibilityformakingthesignificant(重大的)strategic(战略上的)policydecisions,oftenwithstaffmanagersassisting(帮助)theminthesedecisions.F
MultipleChoice
1。
Thefigureheadroleinvolves:
A.motivatingandcommunicatingwithstaff
B.initiating(发起)change
C.handlingceremonial(正式的)andsymbolicactivities
D.developinginformationsourceswithintheorganisation
E. stayingwellinformedaboutcurrentaffairsC
2.Howanorganisationgoesaboutaccomplishingaplanisakeypartofthemanagementfunctionof:
A。
planningB。
organising
C。
leadingD.controlling
E。
motivatingB
3.Whichofthefollowingisnotafunctionofmanagement?
A。
controlB。
plan
C。
organiseD.lead
E. performanceE
4。
Asocialentity(本质)thatisgoaldirectedanddeliberately(慎重地)structuredisreferredtoas:
A。
anorganisationB.management
C.employeesD.students
E.tasksA
5。
Whichofthefollowingtypesofskillsistheunderstandingofandproficiencyintheperformanceofspecifictasks?
A.humanskillB。
leadershipskill
C.technicalskillD.conceptual(概念上的)skill
E。
socialskillC
6。
Theinformationalrole,accordingtoMintzberg,isa(n)____________role?
A.entrepreneur(企业家)B。
leader
C。
figurehead(有名无实的领袖)D.celebratory
E。
monitorE
FILLINTHEBLANKS
1。
Socialforcesaretheaspectsofaculturethatguideandinfluencerelationshipsamongpeople。
2。
Economicforcespertain(属于)totheavailability,production,anddistribution(分配)ofresourcesinasociety。
3。
Thelearningorganizationcanbedefinedasoneinwhicheveryoneisengagedinidentifyingandsolvingproblems,enablingtheorganisationtocontinuouslyexperiment,change,andimprove,thusincreasingitscapacitytogrow,learnandachieveitspurpose.
4。
Empowerment(授权)meansgivingemployeesthepower,freedom,knowledgeandskillstomakedecisionsandperformeffectively.
5.Listthreeofthebasicideasofscientificman会议员agement.
Trainedworkersinstandard(标准的)method
Developedstandardmethodforperformingeachjob
Selectedworkerswithappropriateabilitiesforeachjob
6。
Weber'svisionoforganisationsthatwouldbemanagedonanimpersonal,rational(合理的)basisiscalleda(n)bureaucratic (官僚的)
7。
Listthethreeassumptions(设想)associatedwithMcGregor’sTheoryX。
Peoplearelazy;Peopledislikeresponsibility;Peoplelackambition
CHAPTER1Innovationforturbulenttime
(2)
TRUE/FALSE
1.Thelearningorganizationisanattitudeorphilosophy(哲学)aboutwhatanorganizationcanbecome。
T
2.Theessentialideainalearningorganisationisefficiency.F
3。
Asamanager,Loupreferstothinkintermsof‘controlover’ratherthan‘controlwith’others。
Thisisinagreementwiththeideaofalearningorganisation。
F
4。
Empowermentmeansgivingemployeesthepower,freedom,knowledge,andskillstomakedecisionsandperformeffectively。
T
5.TheoryXandTheoryY,proposedbyDouglasMcGregor,providetwoopposing(相反的)viewsofworkers:
TheoryXrecognisesthatworkersenjoyachievementandresponsibility,whileTheoryYrecognises(承认)thatworkerswillavoidworkwheneverpossible.F
MULTIPLECHOICE
1。
__________forcesrefertothoseaspectsofaculturethatguideandinfluencerelationshipsamongpeople。
A。
Legal
B。
Economic
C.Political
D.Psychological
E。
SocialE
2.Variables(变量)suchasinterestrates,inflation(通货膨胀)andtradetariffs(关税)areallexamplesof_________forces。
A.technological
B.political
C.social
D.socio—educational
E.noneoftheaboveE
3.Strategyhastraditionallybeenthesole(唯一的)responsibilityof:
A.middlemanagement
B.projectmanagers(项目经理)
C。
companyaccountants
D。
topmanagersD
4.Duringtheearlytwentiethcentury,theprevailing(普通的)managementperspective(观点),whichemphasisedrationality(合理性)andascientificapproach,wasthe_________perspective.
A.scientific
B。
behavioural
C.classical
D。
quantitative
E。
ParetoC
5.Thethreesubfields(子域)oftheclassicalperspectiveinclude:
A. bureaucraticorganisation,quantitativemanagement,andthehumanrelationsmovement
B. quantitativemanagement,behaviouralscience,andadministrativemanagement
C。
administrativemanagement,bureaucraticorganisation,andscientificmanagement
D.scientificmanagement,quantitativemanagement,andadministrativemanagement
E.noneoftheaboveC
6。
Brucebelieveshisemployeesareresponsibleandabletoworkwithoutintensedirectionandsupervision(管理).Heisa:
A。
TheoryXmanager
B.TheoryYmanager
C.TheoryZmanager
D。
contingency(偶然性)theorymanager
E。
classicalmanagerB
SHORTANSWER
1。
Brieflydiscusstherelationshipbetweenmanagementskillsandmanagementlevel.
1.managementskillssummarizeinthreecategories:
conceptualskills,humanskillsandtechnicalskills。
managementlevelcontains:
topmanagers,middlemanagers,first—linemanagersandnonmanagers.topmanagersneedconceptualskills,nonmanagersneedtechnicalskills,humanskillsisimportanttoallmanagementlevel
(管理技能有三种:
概念技能、人际技能、技术技能。
概念技能包括:
高层管理者、中层管理者、一线管理者和非管理者。
高层管理者需要概念技能。
非管理者需要技术技能。
人际技能对于管理水平来说很重要。
)
2.Whatisthedifferencebetweenefficiencyandeffectiveness?
Whichismoreimportantforperformance?
2。
效率和效益向来都是企业追求的目标,二者既有联系又有区别。
效益是指做正确的事情,效率则是做事情运用正确的方法。
效益比效率更重要,因为无论效率再高,只要所做的事情不对,其结果就会是无益的劳动,而所付出的一切努力不过是一种浪费。
追求效益必须考虑效率,考虑效益实现的速度问题.
CHAPTER2Theenvironmentandcorporateculture
TRUEORFALSE
1、Thestudyofmanagementtraditionallyhasfocusedonfactorsexternaltotheorganisations.F
2、Thegeneralenvironmentandthetaskenvironmentarethetwolayersofanorganisation’sexternalenvironment。
T
3、Customersandcompetitorsaretwoimportantsectorsoftheeconomicdimension(次元)ofafirm’sgeneralenvironment.F
4.Otherorganisationsinthesameindustryortypeofbusinessthatprovidegoodsorservicestothesamesetofcustomersarereferredtoassuppliers.F
5。
Theinternalenvironmentwithinwhichmanagersworkincludescorporate(公司的)culture,socioculturalaspectsandcustomers.F
CHOICE
1.Whichoftheseisapartofanorganisation’sinternalenvironment?
A.itscustomers
B。
itssalespeople
C。
itswagestructure
D.itssuppliers
E.itscompetitorsB
2.The__________environmentrepresents(表现)theouterlayeroftheenvironmentandaffectsorganisations__________。
A.task;indirectly
B.general;directly
C.internal;directly
D.internal;indirectly(间接地)
E.general;indirectlyE
3.WhichoftheseisNOTapartofanorganisation’sgeneralenvironment?
A。
technological
B。
economic
C。
competitors
D.legal-political
E。
socioculturalC
4。
Anorganisation’staskenvironmentincludesallofthefollowingEXCEPT:
A.competitors
B。
customers
C。
labourmarkets
D。
employers
E.suppliersD
5。
Whichoftheseareincludedinanorganisation’staskenvironment?
A。
suppliers
B.accountingprocedures(手续)
C.technology
D。
government
E.demographic(人口统计学的)characteristicsA
6。
Whichofthefollowingconsistsofdemographicfactors,suchaspopulationdensity?
A。
technologicalenvironment
B。
socioculturalenvironment
C.legal-politicalenvironment
D。
internalenvironment
E.economicenvironmentB
7.The__________representspeopleintheenvironmentwhocanbehiredtoworkfortheorganisation。
A。
competitors
B。
labourmarket
C.suppliers
D.customers
E。
governmentB
8.Whichstatement(叙述)belowiscorrect?
A。
Whenenvironmentisdynamic(活跃的),uncertaintyislow。
B.Whentheenvironmentisunstable(动态的),uncertaintyislow。
C.Adynamicenvironmenthasmoreuncertaintythanastableenvironment。
D.Thestability(稳定性)oftheenvironmentdoesnotdeterminethestructureofthefirm。
E。
Noneoftheabove.C
9.Researchhasfoundthata(n)__________structureworksbestwhenorganisationsexperienceuncertainty。
A.flexible(灵活的)
B.mechanistic(机械的)
C。
intuitive(直觉的)
D。
inorganic
E.rigid(死板的)A
FILLINTHEBLANKS
1.Theexternalorganizationalenvironmentincludesallelements(元素)existingoutsidetheboundary(分界线)oftheorganisationthathavethepotential(可能性)toaffecttheorganisation。
2。
Thegeneralenvironmentistheouterlayerthatiswidelydispersedandaffectsorganisationsindirectly.
3。
Theinternalenvironmentincludesthesectorsthatconductday—to-daytransactions(交易)withintheorganisation。
4。
Thelabormarketrepresentspeopleintheenvironmentwhocanbehiredtoworkfortheorganisation.
SHORTANSWER
1。
Brieflydescribethetaskenvironmentanditsfourprimarysectors。
1。
Thetaskenvironmentincludesthosesectorsthathaveadirectworkingrelationshipwiththeorganization。
Theseincludecustomers,competitor,supplier,andthelabormarket.Customersarethepeopleandorganizationsintheenvironmentwhoacquiregoodsandservicesfromtheorganization.Competitoris otherorganizationsinthesameindustryortypeofbusinessthatprovidegoodsorservicestothe