学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测5外研版必修第三册.docx

学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测5外研版必修第三册.docx

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学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测5外研版必修第三册

单元综合检测（五）

Ⅰ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

A

NEWYORK—AmassivewinterstormparalyzedmuchoftheU．S.EastCoastonThursdayandFriday，dumpingasmuchas46centimetersofsnowfromtheCarolinastoMaine.ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides，forcedthecancellationofnearly5，000flightsandclosedbusinesses，officesandschools.

Somemeteorologists（气象学家）classifiedthestormasa“bombcyclone”foritssharpdropinatmosphericpressurewouldbefollowedimmediatelybyablastofcoldairthatcouldbreakrecordsinmorethantwodozencitiesandbringwindchillsaslowas－40°Cduringtheweekend.

FromBaltimore，Maryland，toCaribouinMaine，effortswereunderwaytoclearroadwaysoficeandsnowaswindchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday，reaching－40°Cinsomepartsaftersundown，accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.

UtilitycompaniesacrosstheEastworkedtorepairdownedpowerlinesearlyonFridayasabout21，000customersremainedwithoutelectricity，downfromalmost80，000thedaybefore，andissuedwarningsthattemperaturesmaybecomedangerouslylow.

“Ifthetemperatureinyourhomebeginstofall，werecommendtakingshelterelsewhereuntilservicecanberestored.Youcanfindwarmingcentersbycontactinglocalauthorities，”NationalGridpowercompany，whichservesMassachusetts，saidonTwitter.

Airlinescanceled4，000flightsonThursdayandhundredsmoreonFriday，accordingtoFlightA，anonlinetrackingservice.

MayorBilldeBlasiosaiditcouldfeellike－30°ConFridayandSaturdaynightswiththewindchill.“Thisisaserious，seriousstorm，andmaybethemostseverein2018，”hesaidatanewsconference.

NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomodeclaredastateofemergencyforthesouthernpartofthestate，whileNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiedeclaredastateofemergencyforseveralcounties.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。

大规模的暴风雪于周四和周五袭击了美国东海岸，给当地的生产和生活造成了严重影响。

1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequenceofthemassivewinterstorm?

A．BreakdownoftheU．S.coast.

B．FloodinginBoston.

C．Cancellationofnearly5，000flights.

D．Closureinbusiness，offices，andschools.

A　[细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句可知，受暴风雪的影响，波士顿暴发了洪水，近5000架航班被迫取消，企业、办公楼和学校也被迫关闭。

只有A项没有提到，故选A。

]

2．Whydidsomemeteorologistsclassifythiswinterstormas“bombcyclone”？

A．Becauseitwillcausechangeableatmosphericpressure.

B．Becausethescaleofthisstormcouldbreakrecordsinlotsofcities.

C．Becauseofthedeadlyanddestructiveeffectsofthisstorm.

D．Becauseoftheextremelycoldairandthewindchillsinthisstorm.

D　[细节理解题。

根据第二段可知，一些气象专家将此类风暴归为“炸弹气旋”的原因是气压的急剧下降，而随后还会有一股冷空气到来，打破了20多座城市的记录，导致周末时气温低至－40°C。

故选D。

]

3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“plunge”inPara.3?

A．declinesteadily　　　B．dropdramatically

C．fluctuateviolentlyD．fallmoderately

B　[词义猜测题。

根据第三段可知，一些地区的风寒温度在日落后会降到－40°C。

据此可知，画线词的含义为“突然下降”，故选B。

]

4．Abouttherescuework，whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A．Peopleweremakinggreateffortstoridroadwaysoficeandsnow.

B．About101thousandpeoplewereleftwithoutelectricityonThursday.

C．Residentscanstayinwarmingcentersuntilheatingserviceisrestored.

D．Aviationservicehasn'tbeenbroughtbacktonormalyetuntilFriday.

B　[细节理解题。

根据第三段可知，人们正在加紧清理路面上的冰雪，故排除A项；根据第五段前两句可知，在供暖服务恢复之前，居民可以住在供暖中心，故排除C项；根据第六段可知，航班服务仍然没有恢复正常，故排除D项。

根据第四段内容可知，周五早些时候，电力公司都在努力修复被击落的电线，当时大约有21000家没有电，比前一天的差不多80000减少了，故可知周四没有电的不是101000家。

故选B。

]

B

What'slifelikeonadesertedisland?

SenatorJeffFlakeofArizonadecidedtofindout.

TheadventuroussenatortookavacationfromCapitolHillandwentonafourdayRobinsonCrusoestyleholidaywithhistwoteenagesonstoaremote，desertedislandintheNorthPacificOcean.

Thesenatorandhissons，15yearoldTannerand13yearoldDallin，traveled5，200milesfromPhoenix，ArizonatotheislandofBiggarenn.Theydidn'tcarryanyfoodorwater.

TheislandispartoftheMarshallIslands.Itofferednobasicsupplies，sotheFlakeshadtocatchandcooktheirownfoodandpurifytheirwater.Theirdietwasmadeupofcoconuts，crabsandfish.Theycaughtthecrabandfishthemselvesandcookedthefoodoveranopenfirestartedwithamagnifyingglass（放大镜）．

TheFlakesbroughtalongalobstertrap（龙虾夹）inthehopeofhavingsomedelicioustreats，butlostitwithinthefirstfewhoursafteritwasattackedbyashark.Theyalsocarriedtwopumpstoremovesaltfromoceanwater.Ittookthemhourseachnighttopumpforjustafewgallonsoffreshwater.

Oneofthemostmemorablemomentsofthetrip，thefathersaid，waswhenheandhis15yearoldsonwerealmostcaughtbysharksafterspearing（叉起）afishintheocean.

Still，itwasquiteanenjoyableholidayforthem.“Foradaditwasawonderfulthing.Novideogamesaround，notelevision，nodisturbance，notexting，”Flakerecalled.

5．WhydidtheFlakesgototheislandofBiggarenn?

A．TomeetRobinsonCrusoe.

B．Tospearthesharkforfood.

C．Tospendaspecialvacation.

D．ToswimintheNorthPacificOcean.

6．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．TheFlakescouldeasilyfindafireontheisland.

B．TheFlakescaughtlobstersforfoodontheisland.

C．TheFlakesfoundbasicthingsthattheyneededontheisland.

D．TheFlakestookmuchtroubletogetdrinkablewaterontheisland.

7．Accordingtothepassage，theFlakes'holidayis．

A．adventurousbutinteresting

B．excitingbutpainful

C．meaninglessbutenjoyable

D．boringbutmemorable

【语篇解读】　文章讲述了JeffFlake带领自己的两个儿子亲身体验了一次荒岛冒险。

5．C　[细节理解题。

根据文章第2段可知，他带领两个儿子去孤岛探险是为了度过一个特殊的假期。

]

6．D　[推理判断题。

根据文章第5段中的“Ittookthemhourseachnighttopumpforjustafewgallonsoffreshwater.”可知，Flake和两个儿子为了得到能喝的水需要费很大的劲。

]

7．A　[推理判断题。

根据文章倒数第2段可知，他们差点儿被鲨鱼吃了，这说明非常惊险。

再根据最后一段中的“Still，itwasquiteanenjoyableholidayforthem.”可知，他们的假期过得惊险而有趣。

]

C

Duringthe15thcentury，spices（香料）fromIndiawereverypopularinEurope，however，theonlywaytotravelfromEuropetoIndiawasoverland.Thiswasalongandexpensivetrip.TheKingofPortugalrealizedifhecouldfindawaytogettoIndiabysailingontheocean，hewouldbecomerichbytradingspicesinEurope.Anexplorer（探险家）bythenameofBartolomeuDiashaddiscoveredtheCapeofGoodHopeatthetipofAfrica.ItwasthoughtthattheremaybeawayaroundtheCapeandtothenortheasttowardsIndia.However，manywereskepticalandthoughtthattheIndianOceandidnotconnectwiththeAtlanticOcean.

VascodaGama，whowasbornin1460stoawealthyPortuguesefamilyinSines，wasgivenafleetofshipsbythekingandtoldtodiscoverasearoute（路线）aroundAfricatoIndia.Hewasalsotoldtolookforothertradingpossibilitiesalongtheway.

VascodaGamaleftonhisfirstvoyage（航行）fromLisbon，Portugal，withfourshipsand170menonJuly8，1497.GamaandhismenroundedthesoutherntipofAfricaattheCapeofGoodHopeonNovember22.TheythenheadednorthupthecoastofAfrica.TheystoppedattradingportsalongthewayincludingMombasaandMalindi.AtMalindi（about120kmnortheastofMombasa），theypickedupalocalpilotwhoknewthedirectiontoIndia.WiththehelpofamonsoonwindtheywereabletocrosstheIndianOceanandarriveinCalicut，Indiainlessthanamonth（onMay20，1498）．AtCalicut，Vascoranintoserioustroublewhentryingtotrade.Hehadbroughtlittleofvalueinhisships.Thismadethelocaltradersdoubtfulofhimandverysoonhehadtoleave.Thevoyagebackwasdisastrous.Aroundhalfofhismendiedfromscurvy（坏血病）asthetripbacktookmuchlongerbecauseofthewindsnotblowinginhisfavor.However，whenhereturnedhome，hewasstillahero.HehadfoundthemuchneededtraderoutetoIndia.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，文章介绍了葡萄牙探险家达·伽马第一次航行到印度的原因及过程。

8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skeptical”inParagraph1mean?

A．Worried.B．Doubtful.

C．Hopeful.D．Supportive.

B　[词义猜测题。

由第一段中的“theremaybeaway...towardsIndia”和划线词后的“theIndianOceandidnotconnectwiththeAtlanticOcean”可知，因为许多人认为印度洋与大西洋不相连，所以他们对绕过好望角而到达印度的路线这一想法持怀疑态度。

]

9．WhatwasthemainpurposeofVascodaGama'sfirstvoyagetoIndia?

A．TotakecontrolofIndia.

B．Tocontrolthespicetrade.

C．TofindatraderoutetoIndia.

D．TobringbackspicesfromIndia.

C　[细节理解题。

第一段解释了葡萄牙国王派遣达·伽马出行的原因“findawaytogettoIndia...tradingspicesinEurope”，再由第二段中的“toldtodiscoverasearoutearoundAfricatoIndia”可知，达·伽马第一次航行到印度的目的是寻找一条贸易路线。

]

10．WhichisthecorrectrouteofGama'sfirstvoyagetoIndia?

A．Sines→theCapeofGoodHope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.

B．Sines→theCapeofGoodHope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.

C．Lisbon→theCapeofGoodHope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.

D．Lisbon→theCape　ofGoodHope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.

D　[细节理解题。

由第三段描述达·伽马第一次从欧洲航海到印度的路线“leftonhisfirstvoyage（航行）　fromLisbon...rounded...attheCapeofGoodHope...AtMalindi（about120kmnortheastofMombasa）．..crosstheIndianOceanandarriveinCalicut”可知答案。

]

11．WhathappenedtoGamaandhismenwhentheystayedatCalicut?

A．Theirtradingwaswellreceived.

B．Halfofthemgotaseriousillness.

C．Theymissedthebesttimetogobackhome.

D．Theywereconsideredunwelcomebythelocaltraders.

D　[推理判断题。

由第三段中的“Hehadbroughtlittleofvalue...doubtfulofhim”可知，到达Calicut之后，由于船上有价值的东西太少，因此达·伽马和他的船员们在那里不受当地商人的欢迎。

]

D

Theearlylifeofthegreenseaturtle（海龟）isfullofdanger.Onlyonein1，000babyseaturtlessurvivetoadulthood（成年）．Fromitshomeinthesand，itbreaksitseggwithaneggtooth.Itsmotherisnottheretohelpit.Instead，itisgreetedbycrabs，coyotes，anddogswaitingtoeatitfordinner.Tosurvive，thebabyturtlemusthideinthesanduntilnight.Then，itmovesslowlytothesea.

Thesmallturtlemustswimhardtoreachtheoceanwaters.Inthesea，ittrieshardtofindfood.Itmustalsokeepitselffrombeingfoodforfish.

Asdangerousastheseaturtle'slifeisinthenaturalworld，itsmostdangerousenemies