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考研英语一真题及解析完整版
2016年考研英语一真题完好版
SectionI
UseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,
B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）
InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonly
hisparentsandhisfriends,1thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungman
can2alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations,or
theyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayinthe
selection.
4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,
eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying
6
agoodfamily.
Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,
7
bythe
1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermon
and8prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,
9cottonthreads
soakedinholywateraroundthebride
’sandgroom
’swrists,and
10
acandlearoundacircleof
happilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe11.Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththe
wife’sparentsandmay
12withthemuptoayear,
13theycanbuildanewhousenearby.
Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare15withsome
disapproval.Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,and
jointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagender
prejudiceremarry20
19up:
Thedivorcedmaledoesnthewomanmustwaittenmonths.
’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecan
1.[A]bywayof
[B]onbehalfof
[C]aswellas
[D]withregardto
2.
[A]adaptto
[B]providefor
[C]competewith
[D]decideon
3.
[A]close
[B]renew
[C]arrange
[D]postpone
4.
[A]Aboveall
[B]Intheory
[C]Intime
[D]Forexample
5.
[A]Although
[B]Lest
[C]After
[D]Unless
6.
[A]into
[B]within
[C]from
[D]through
7.
[A]since
[B]but
[C]or
[D]so
8.
[A]copy
[B]test
[C]recite
[D]create
9.
[A]folding
[B]piling
[C]wrapping
[D]tying
10.
[A]passing
[B]lighting
[C]hiding
[D]serving
11.
[A]meeting[B]collection
[C]association
[D]union
12.
[A]grow
[B]part
[C]deal
[D]live
13.
[A]whereas
[B]until
[C]if
[D]for
14.
[A]obtain
[B]follow
[C]challenge
[D]avoid
15.
[A]isolated
[B]persuaded
[C]viewed
[D]exposed
16.
[A]whatever
[B]however
[C]whenever
[D]wherever
17.
[A]changed
[B]brought
[C]shaped
[D]pushed
18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided
19.[A]breaks[B]warms[C]shows[D]clears
20.[A]sothat[B]while[C]once[D]inthat
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing
A,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）
Text1
France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhas
lostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminary
approvallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.
Theparliamentalsoa
gre
edtobanwebsitesthat
“inciteexcessivethinness
”
bypromoting
extremedieting.
Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedby
looksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That
’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemsto
gobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath—assomehavedone.Ittellsthe
fashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenage
girls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.
Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotlet
othersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlookto
intangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroor
wasp-waistphysiques.
TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstill
regardsbeautyasskin-deep—andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoes
notmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonths
inprison.
Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentand
idealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtoset
voluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressurefor
enforcement.
IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesand
sanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanish
FashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:
“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthe
fashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.”Thecharter’smaintoolof
enforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashion
Week,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shame
methodofcompliance.
Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethe
beststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandards
ofaparticularindustry.
21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?
[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.
[B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.
[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.
[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.
22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2,Para2）isclosestinmeaningto
[A]heighteningthevalueof.
[B]indicatingthestateof.
[C]losingfaithin.
[D]doingharmto.
23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?
[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.
[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.
[C]Modelarenolongerunderpeerpressure.
[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.
24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor[A]settingahighagethresholdformodels.
[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character.
[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.
[D]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.
25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?
[A]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry.
[B]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty.
[C]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance.
[D]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals.
Text2
Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashada
curiousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,
ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,
thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.
AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave
“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellers
withspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience
“arefreshingair.
”
Hill
’spressurelaterled
tothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,and
everyyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.
Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.The
Conservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,
evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptof
sustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinue
localplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,
sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreen
land.ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConsecutiveparties.
Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,incitiesand
townswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentified
enoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonarealone,withnointrusionongreenbet.
WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.
Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnot
theneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure,George
Osbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-town
shoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsand
villageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredges
andrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?
Developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smost
crowdedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviable
ruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthe
alternative—thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisrather
thanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightof
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