现代大学英语精读5课程讲解.docx

现代大学英语精读5课程讲解.docx

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现代大学英语精读5课程讲解

不同院校不同授课范围。

本文档课程范围：

第1,3,4,8,10课，五个课程。

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本文档教师课程讲解。

看不懂之处，敬请谅解！

学习愉快！

Lesson1

A.词义的理解与语义转换

1）Wemusthonestlyrecognizewherewearenow.（1.2）

正视

2）Whenweviewthenegativeexperiencesoflife,theNegrohasadoubleshare.（1.8）

不如意之事

坎坷经历

若论人生坎坷，黑人可谓倍加艰辛。

3）Wemustmassivelyassertourdignityandworth.（3.1）

Impressively

？

让世人知道

4）Wemuststandupamidstasystemthatstilloppressesusanddevelopanunassailableandmajesticsenseofvalues.（3.2）

Developahabitdropahabit

Developasense意识

Translationskill

词性转换

B.词汇扩展

1）Awhitelieisbetterthanablacklie.（4.5）

Ihadawhitenight,thinkingofyou.

whiteelephant

allusion典故

Trademark

白象

白马王子？

whitehorse？

Mr.Right

Princecharming

whitemeat

fish/bird

redmeat红肉

2）Themostdegeneratememberofafamilyisablacksheep.（4.6）

blacklist

blackmarket

黑马darkhorse

Scapegoat＝替罪羊＝Whipboy

Allusion

3）…teacherswillnotbeforcedtoteachtheNegrochildsixtywaystodespisehimself,andtherebyperpetuatehisfalsesenseofinferiority,andthewhitechild134waystoadorehimself,andtherebyperpetuatehisfalsesenseofsuperiority（4.7）

inferioritycomplex

superioritycomplex

恋父情结Electracomplex

恋母情结Oedipuscomplex

c.搭配collocation

1.theNegroisindireneedofthiskindoflegitimatepower（6.2）紧急，极端

direwarning/prediction/forecast（awarningaboutsomethingterriblethatwillhappeninthefuture）

Lastnightthereweredirewarningsofcivilwar.

2.…thepreservingofthestatusquo（6.11）

maintain/preserve/defendthestatusquo

3.Andoneofthegreatproblemsofhistoryisthattheconceptsofloveandpowerhaveusuallybeencontrastedasopposites--polaropposites-（7.5）

（？

）

polarextreme

d．句子理解

1）Thejobofarousingmanhoodwithinapeople（thathavebeentaughtforsomanycenturiesthattheyarenobody）isnoteasy.（3.4）

2）Poweristheability//ofalaborunionliketheUAWtomakethemostpowerfulcorporationintheworld,GeneralMotors,say'Yes'whenitwantstosay'No.'That'spower.（linethreefromthebottom,Paragraph6）

3）Whatisneededisarealizationthatpowerwithoutloveisrecklessandabusive,andlovewithoutpowerissentimentalandanemic.（8.6）

Anemic：

weak；贫血的

=Anaemic

Anaemia贫血

4）Now,earlyinthiscenturythisproposalwouldhavebeengreetedwithridiculeanddenunciation,（considered）asdestructiveofinitiativeandresponsibility.（10.2）

5）Thefactisthatthework（whichimprovestheconditionofmankind,theworkwhichextendsknowledgeandincreasespowerandenrichesliteratureandelevatesthought,）isnotdonetosecurealiving（12.1）

Shedidn’t

marryhimforhewasrich

Theworkisnot不是这样的

donetosecurealiving＝被做以谋生

不是为了谋生而做

e．修辞（Rhetoric）figureofspeech

1.Antithesis（Afigureofspeechinwhichsharplycontrastingideasarejuxtaposedinabalancedorparallelphraseorgrammaticalstructure）

1）Aslongasthemindisenslaved,thebodycanneverbefree.（5.5）

2）…loveisidentifiedwitharesignationofpower,andpowerwithadenialoflove.（7.5）

2．Metaphorsimile（like,as）

1）Psychologicalfreedom,afirmsenseofself-esteem,isthemostpowerfulweaponagainstthelongnightofphysicalslavery.（5.6）

Self-esteem自信

2）Thenegrowillonlybefreewhenhereachesdowntotheinnerdepthsofhisownbeingandsignswiththepenandinkofassertivemanhoodhisownemancipationproclamation.（5.9）

3．Personalconflictsamonghusbands,wivesandchildrenwilldiminishwhentheunjustmeasurementofhumanworthonthescaleofdollarsiseliminated.（14.4）

3.parallel

1）ThetendencytoignoretheNegro'scontributiontoAmericanlifeandtostriphimofhispersonhoodisasoldastheearliesthistorybooksandascontemporaryasthemorning'snewspaper.（5.1）

Stripper

Exoticdancing

2）Poweratitsbestisloveimplementingthedemandsofjustice,andjusticeatitsbestispowercorrectingeverythingthatstandsagainstlove.（8.6）

4.Alliteration

1）Nowalotofusarepreachers,andallofushaveourmoralbelievesandconcerns,andsooftenhaveproblemswithpower.（7.1）

Xiamenisacityfullofvigorandvitality

2）Itispreciselythiscollisionofimmoralpowerwithpowerlessmoralitywhichconstitutesthemajorcrisisofourtimes.（9.2）

f.熟词偏义

1.And,inthethinkingofthatday,theabsenceofworldlygoodsindicatedawantofindustrioushabitsandmoralfiber.

（10.5）

Want=lack

Heknowsnowantinhislife.

他什么都不缺

Lesson3

TextAnalysis

A.词义理解与翻译

1.Todayweareinthethroesofaworldwidereformationofcultures,atectonicshiftofhabitsanddreamscalled,inthecuriousvocabularyofsocialscientists,“globalization”.（1.1）

a）inthethroesof?

b）reformation?

c）tectonicshift?

d）curiousvocabulary?

今天我们正经历世界范围文化嬗变的阵痛，习俗和追求都在发生剧变，这用社会学家新奇的话来说就是，“全球化”。

2.It’saninexacttermforawildassortmentofchangesinpolitics…（1.3）

a）awildassortment?

variety

3.Still,thebasicdynamicremainsthesame:

Goodsmove.Peoplemove.Ideasmove.Andcultureschange.

a）dynamic:

?

态势

4.Popularfactionssprouttoexploitnationalistanxieties.（5.1）

a）popularfactions?

anxiety

焦虑情绪

添字

5...atHollywoodHighSchoolthestudentbodyrepresents32differentlanguages.（8.4）

a）studentbody?

b）represent?

Seniorhighschool

Juniorhighschool

6.Thecriticalmassofteenagers—800millionintheworld—withtimeandmoneytospendisoneofthepowerfulenginesofmergingglobalcultures.（9.1）

a）criticalmassofteenagers

重要的青少年mass

青少年这一重要群体

b）engine

7.They’recalled“coolhunters”;andAmandaFreemantookmeinhandonemorningtoexplainhowitworks.（9.8）

a）coolhunters猎酷者headhunter

parody

b）takemeinhand

todealwithsbinastrictwayinordertoimprovetheirbehaviour

8.ButIalsodiscoveredthatculturesareasresourceful,resilient,andunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposethem.（8.1）

a）resourceful随机应变

b）resilient富有弹性

c）unpredictable难以预测

9.itisalsoplayedbyrichsocietywomenatcountryclubsinBeverlyHillsandinapartmentsonManhattan’sUpperWestSide.（14.7）

a.societywomen?

society＝highsociety

10.…hetoldmewiththatdetachedfriendlinessofthosewhosetrueconnectioniswithmachines.（16.1）

Split

Hetoldmewithfriendlinessanddetachedness

a.detachedfriendliness

hetoldmeinafriendlyanddetachedway

他很客气的和我说，不带任何感情……

B．词汇扩展

1.Telegraph,telephone,radio,andtelevisiontiedtighterandmoreintricateknotsbetweenindividualsandthewiderworld.（2.6）

a）intricate

synonyms：

complex；complicated；

sophisticated；involved

Theplotwassoinvolvedthatveryfewpeopleknewwhatwasgoingon.

2.Thenwewanderthroughafewofthethriftshops.（11.10）

a）thriftshop:

ashopthatsellsusedgoods,especiallyclothes,ofteninordertogetmoneyforacharity

fleamarket

yardsale

garagesale

vintageshop二手服饰店

onedollarshop

conveniencestore

C-store喜士多

dimestore

five-and-dime（store）

ten-centstore

3.“Ifit’snotgoingtobeaffordable,“Amandaremarks,“it’snevergoingtocatchon.”（11.3）

a）catchon

1.tobecomepopular

tobein

SpeeddatingisininChina.

Heisinagain.

Inmate

tobeinvogue

2.tounderstand

Tomisslowtocatchon.

4.ThisbeingAmerica,hehasfoundawaytomarrythesetwopassionsandselltheresult.（14.2）

a）marry：

（formal）tocombinetwodifferentideas,designs,tastesetctogether

Thebuilding'sdesignmarriesatraditionalstylewithmodernmaterials

Divorce：

（formal）toseparatetwoideas,subjectsetccompletely

Itisdifficulttodivorcesportfrompolitics.

5.…andthefierceconcentrationoftheplayers.Collocation

a）fierceconcentration

fiercepride

fiercewind

fiercedog

fierceattack/opposition/criticism

fiercecompetition

toughcompetition

cut-throatcompetition

throat-cutting

dog-eat-dogcompetition

It’sdogeatdogworldoutsidethere.

（罗马学者马库斯曾在公元前43年提出Caniscaninamnonest（Dogdoesnoteatdog）的说法，认为即使是像狗这样的“低等生物”行事都有原则和限度，不会毁灭和吞食同类，何况是人类。

）

6.TJ’sonlinetoo,she’stheonefromWales---arealnightowl.

a.nightowl

all-nighter

Ipulledanall-nighterlastnight.

Phoninganyoneduringanallnighterisaverybadidea

Theearlybirdcatchestheworm

coolcat冷静的人

luckydog

fox

网络上的英语陷阱

老牛吃嫩草rockthecradle

robthecradle

letthecatoutofthebag

piginthepoke

Whatifthecaryoubuyturnsouttobeapiginapoke/lemon?

lemon

socialbutterfly

watchdog

Heisa"socialbutterfly"andhugsandkisseseveryoneandeverything

实验品/小白鼠Guineapig

7.He,anAmericanplayingaChinesegamewithpeopleinGermany,Wales,Ohio,andMinnesota,wasupinthecyberspherefarabovetheleveloftimezones.（19.1）

a）cybersphere:

cyberspace

cyberpunk数字朋克

cyber-chat

　网吧cybercafé

cyberfraud

cyberwidow

cyberstalking;cyberstalker

cyberwatchdog

/Internetwatchdog

C.搭配

1.Inthe19thcenturythepostalservice,newspapers,transcontinentalrailroads,andgreatsteam-poweredshipswroughtfundamentalchanges.

a）wroughtfundamentalchanges

work

workwonders

workmiracles

work/weaveone’smagic

Thewarmweatherandthebeautifulscenerybegantoworktheirmagicandshestartedtorelax.

b）取得成就recordachievements

学习知识learnknowledge（错）

Gain/obtain/acquire

深化改革deepenone’scommitmenttoreform

解除制裁liftsanction

D．句子理解

1.Modernindustryhasestablishedtheworldmarket.Allold-establishednationalindustriesaredislodgedbynewindustrieswhoseproductsareconsumed,notonlyathome,butineveryquarteroftheglobe.Inplaceoftheoldwantswefindnewwants,requiringtheproductsofdistantlandsan