IPv6现状及未来发展通信类外文文献翻译中英文翻译.docx
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IPv6现状及未来发展通信类外文文献翻译中英文翻译
英文原文
WhatisIPv6?
IPv6isshortfor"InternetProtocolVersion6".IPv6isthe"nextgeneration"protocoldesignedbytheIETFtoreplacethecurrentversionInternetProtocol,IPVersion4("IPv4").
Mostoftoday'sInternetusesIPv4,whichisnownearlytwentyyearsold.IPv4hasbeenremarkablyresilientinspiteofitsage,butitisbeginningtohaveproblems.Mostimportantly,thereisagrowingshortageofIPv4addresses,whichareneededbyallnewmachinesaddedtotheInternet.
IPv6fixesanumberofproblemsinIPv4,suchasthelimitednumberofavailableIPv4addresses.ItalsoaddsmanyimprovementstoIPv4inareassuchasroutingandnetworkautoconfiguration.IPv6isexpectedtograduallyreplaceIPv4,withthetwocoexistingforanumberofyearsduringatransitionperiod.
SomeintroductoryinformationabouttheprotocolcanbefoundinourIPv6FAQ.Forthoseinterestedinthetechnicaldetails,wehavealistofIPv6relatedspecifications.
InternetProtocolVersion6isabbreviatedtoIPv6(wherethe"6"referstoitbeingassignedversionnumber6).ThepreviousversionoftheInternetProtocolisversion4(referredtoasIPv4).
IPv6isanewversionofIPwhichisdesignedtobeanevolutionarystepfromIPv4.ItisanaturalincrementtoIPv4.ItcanbeinstalledasanormalsoftwareupgradeinInternetdevicesandisinteroperablewiththecurrentIPv4.Itsdeploymentstrategyisdesignedtonothaveanyflagdaysorotherdependencies.IPv6isdesignedtorunwellonhighperformancenetworks(e.g.GigabitEthernet,OC-12,ATM,etc.)andatthesametimestillbeefficientforlowbandwidthnetworks(e.g.wireless).Inaddition,itprovidesaplatformfornewInternetfunctionalitythatwillberequiredinthenearfuture.
IPv6includesatransitionmechanismwhichisdesignedtoallowuserstoadoptanddeployIPv6inahighlydiffusefashionandtoprovidedirectinteroperabilitybetweenIPv4andIPv6hosts.ThetransitiontoanewversionoftheInternetProtocolmustbeincremental,withfewornocriticalinterdependencies,ifitistosucceed.TheIPv6transitionallowstheuserstoupgradetheirhoststoIPv6,andthenetworkoperatorstodeployIPv6inrouters,withverylittlecoordinationbetweenthetwo.
WherecanIgetanIPv6implementationformysystem?
Thereissoftwareavailableformostoperatingsystemsincommonusetoday.FindyourfavoriteOSonourlistofIPv6implementations.Wealsohaveacollectionof"howtoinstall"documentsforvarioussystems.
WhatapplicationsrunoverIPv6today?
ManycommonInternetapplicationsalreadyworkwithIPv6,andmorearebeingported.SeeourlistofIPv6enabledapplications.
BenefitsofIPv6
OneoftheclearestbenefitsofIPv6istheincreasedaddressspace.
IPv4wasdefinedbeforeitwasunderstoodjusthowexplosivetheInternetwouldbe.ConsequentlyavailableaddressesforIPv4hostsarerunningout.Manyanalystspredicthundredsofmillionsofmobilephoneswillbeinuseandrequirenetworkconnectivity.Therewillbeliterallytrillionsofnetworkdeviceswithinadecade.
IPv6alsobenefitsfromtheexperienceoftheprotocoldevelopers.Manynewideasandfeaturesthathavebeenadded-ontotheIPv4specificationcannowbeafundamentalpartofthenewprotocol.Thiscertainlyhelpsthevariousfeaturesworkasintendedwitheachother.
ThespecificationalsoenablesanlPv6hosttobeautomaticallyconfiguredbytheupstreamrouter.Asthehostbootsupitwillsolicitarouterforitsaddressprefixandotherinformationthatisusuallymanuallyconfigured.Thisschemealsomakesitmucheasiertorenumberthemachines,forexampleifthesitechangesserviceprovider.Inthecaseofmulti-homedsitestherewillbemultipleaddressespersystem.
Tosome,themostimportantfeatureisrestoringtheend-to-endnatureoftheInternet.ThisidealhasbeenerodedbyprivatenetworksbehindNetworkAddressTranslator(NAT)boxes.ImprovedSecurityispossiblewithend-to-endconnectionsandinfact,someversionsofIPsecurity(IPsec)whichisbuilt-intotheIPv6specificationrequireit.SomegamestoocannotoperatethroughaNAT.
IPv6Deployment
MostofthelargeplayersintheInternetworldhavereleasedIPv6versionsoftheirproducts.ManyroutervendorsincludingCiscohaveIPv6-enabledproducts.SunandMicrosofthaveIPv6-awareoperatingsystemsandTCP/IPstacks.IPv6isalsoavailableforLinux,FreeBSDandmostotheroperatingsystems.ManynetworksaredeployingIPv6.Also,sitesareusingtunnelingtechniquestotransportIPv6overtheirexistingIPv4network.ThisallowssitesunabletoinstallnativeIPv6connectionstoparticipateearlyintheeffortandgainusefuloperationalexperience.
Thethirdgeneration(3G)mobilephonedevelopershavealsosettledonusingIPv6、thecoreoftheirsystem.Itisclearthefutureofmobilecommunicationisnotlimitedtovoiceandtheabilitytotransferdata,whetherthatisawebpageorvideoconferencingwillgreatlyenhancetheirproduct.
The6Bone
The6boneisanIPv6Testbed.Itiscurrentlyaworldwideinformalcollaborativeproject,informallyoperatedwithoversightfromthe"NGtrans"(IPv6Transition)WorkingGroupoftheIETF.
The6bonestartedasavirtualnetwork(UsingIPv6overIPv4tunneling/encapsulation)operatingovertheIPv4-basedInternettosupportIPv6transport,andisslowlymigratingtonativelinksforIPv6transport.
Theinitial6bonefocuswasontestingofstandardsandimplementations,whilethecurrentfocusismoreontestingoftransitionandoperationalprocedures.
The6boneoperatesundertheIPv6TestingAddressAllocation,andhasformalizedrulesforparticipationandbecomingatransitprovider.Currentlythe6boneisdeployedinover50countriesdistributedaroundtheworld,isfastapproaching1000networksandend-usersitesandhasalmost90networksproviding6bonebackbonetransitservices.EveryimplementationofIPv6availableisrunningsomewhereinthe6bone.
Inter-networkpeeringishandledbyBGP4inthe6bone,asitisintheIPv4Internet.Therearealsonumerouspublicpeeringpointsnowinuseworldwide,mostnotablyinAmsterdam,Chicago(the6TAP),London,Munich,NewYork,
Tokyo.OthersarerapidlycomingOnline.
CaliforniaLaunchesFirstSub-ChapteroftheNorthAmericanIPv6TaskForce(选自:
Ipv6英文论坛)
TheCaliforniaIPv6TaskForceannouncedtodayitisthefirstNorthAmericanaffiliatechaptertoberecognizedbytheNorthAmericanIPv6TaskForce(NAv6TF),theguidingforceforadoptionofIPv6,thenextgenerationInternetprotocol.SanctionedbytheIPv6Forum,theNorthAmericanIPv6TaskForceistheleadingforceforIPv6adoptionandreadinessintheUnitedStatesandCanada.TheCaliforniaIPv6TaskForce(CAv6TF)launchedinJune2004,willsupportanddriveIPv6stateseminarsandevents.TheCAv6TFwillsupportCaliforniaIPv6industryandgovernment,toprovideatechnicalandbusinesscenterofexpertiseforthedeploymentofIPv6,providewhitepapers,briefings,guides,andpresentationsforpublicawareness,andworkwiththeITsectortounderstandtheimpactofIPv6transitionwithinthemarket.
ThegrowingGlobaldemandforInternettechnologiesandtheemergenceofwirelessaccesstechnologiesrequiresalargerIPaddressspace,aswellasanumberoffundamentalfeaturestoenablewirelessnetworkingandmobility.IPv6israpidlyemergingasthepreferredplatformtomeettheseneedsastheInternetevolves.Theoriginalarchitectureprotocol,IPv4,isunabletoadequatelyservethedemandsofthenewInternet,especiallyintermsofsecurity,mobility,extensibility,anddynamicre-configurability.
“TheCaliforniaIPv6TaskForceisexcitedtobeleadingthechargeinCaliforniaandtheWesttowardadoptionofthenewgenerationInternet,”saidGeofLambert,chairman,CAv6TFandrecentlyappointedmemberoftheNorthAmericanIPv6TaskForceSteeringCommittee.“WeintendtoactasaleaderbytransitioningCaliforniaentirelytotheIPv6protocolandwewillurgeotherstateswithintheU.S.andregionsworldwidetodothesameinordertorapidlybuildthenextgenerationInternet.BydemonstratingthatalocaleatlargecanhavethevisionandforesighttoadoptIPv6technologywearehelpingpioneernewterritoryandunderstandingofoneofthemostfundamentalshiftsintechnologyinoveradecade.“
“It’sstimulatingtowitnessthegrowingenthusiasmforIPv6spreadacrosstheU.S.andtheworld,”saysJimBound,IPv6ForumCTOandChairNorthAmericanIPv6TaskForce.“TheentireInternetwilleventuallytransitionfromIPv4toIPv6–butitwilltakesomevoluntaryeffortanddedicationforthistocomplete.TheCAv6TFisawelcomebodytofocusattentiononwhatlaysahead,whatneedstobedone,andhowtoaccomplishthetasksathand.ThistaskforceisoneofthebestplacestolearnaboutIPv6deployment,productsandtechnology.”
Geoflambertbeganhis20-yearcareerintheculinaryworldontheEastCoastand,afterstopsintheCaribbeanandEurope,hemigratedtotheWestCoast.GeofisafoundingpartneroftheMaxsonGroup,afirmthatspecializesinseniorlevelexecutivesearchandboardconsultingacrossavarietyofindustries.Throughouthiscareer,Geofhasbeenactivelyinvolvedwithawiderangeofprofessionalandcivicorganizations.LambertinitiatedTheInternationalFellowshipofRotariansUnitedtoBridgetheDigitalDivideandheisachairattheRotaryCenterforInternationalStudiesinPeaceandConflictResolutionattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley.InadditiontobeingthefounderandchairmanoftheCaliforniaIPv6TaskForce,whichiscomprisedofstatewideindividualsleadingthetransitionoffulldeploymentofIPv6inCalifornia,Lamber