初高中反义疑问句详解.docx
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初高中反义疑问句详解
高中反义疑问句
一、概念：
（TheDisjunctiveQuestion）又叫附加疑问句。
它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。
反义疑问句由两部分组成：
前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
二、类型：
1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式
Theyworkhere,don’tthey?
Shewasillyesterday,wasn’tshe?
2.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式
Youdidn’tgo,didyou?
Hecan’trideabike,canhe?
3、请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法：
1）陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren'tI.
I’mastallasyoursister,aren'tI?
Iamastudent,aren’tI
2）陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语
Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?
3）陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?
Someplantsneverblown（开花）,dothey?
Therearefewapplesinthebasket,arethere?
Hecanhardlyswim,canhe?
Theyseldomcomelate,dothey?
SherarelyspeakstoyouinEnglish,doesshe?
4）含有oughtto的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语。
Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'the?
/shouldn'the?
5）陈述部分有haveto+v.（hadto+v.），疑问部分常用don't+主语（didn't+主语）。
Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?
Theyhadtocrossthebusystreet,didn’tthey?
6）陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。
Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?
Sheusedtostayuplate,usedn’tshe?
7）陈述部分有hadbetter+v.疑问句部分用hadn'tyou?
You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?
You’dbettergetupearly,hadn’tyou?
8）陈述部分有wouldrather+v.疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语。
Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?
9）陈述部分有You'dliketo+v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。
You’dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?
10）当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况：
（1）mustn't表示“禁止，不可”时，附加问句通常要用must.
Youmustn'tstopyourcarhere,mustyou?
你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？
（2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't.
Theymustfinishtheworktoday,needn'tthey?
他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？
（3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。
Hemustbegoodatenglish,isn'the?
他英语一定学得很好，是吗？
•Hemustbeadoctor,isn'the?
•YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'tyou?
•Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the?
•Itmustbegoingtoraintomorrow,won'tit?
•
（4）当must+havedone表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。
Shemusthavereadthenovellastweek,didn'tshe?
她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？
Youmusthavetoldheraboutit,haven'tyou?
你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？
11）感叹句中，疑问部分用be+主语。
Whatcolours,aren'tthey?
Whatanicesmell,isn'tit?
12）陈述部分由neither…nor,either…or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?
Eitheryouorheisright,isn’the?
（就近一致）
13）陈述部分主语是指示代词that,this或不定代词everything,nothing,疑问部分主语用it。
Everythingisready,isn'tit?
Everythingbeginstogrowinspring,doesn’tit?
14）陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
AsMr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,heshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn'the?
b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
Heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk,ishe?
HesuggestedyouvisitJapan,didn'the?
c.上述部分主句谓语是I/wethink,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe?
Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'tshe?
15）陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?
（doesn’the?
）
Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?
（doeshe?
）
Everyoneisintheclassroom,aren’tthey?
Nobodywillgo,willthey?
16）带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need（dare）+主语。
Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?
Youdarenotsayso,dareyou?
当dare,need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do+主语。
Shedoesn'tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?
17）省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用willyou。
Don'tdothatagain,willyou?
Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?
Turnontheradio,willyou?
注意:
Let's开头的祈使句，后用shallwe?
Letus开头的祈使句，后用willyou?
•Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?
•Letuswaitforyouintheroom,willyou?
Itisafineday.Let’sgofishing,shallwe?
Letusdothisjob,willyou?
当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达
Letmehelpyou,mayI?
18）陈述部分是"therebe"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
（be+主语）
Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?
Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?
Thereweremanypeopleintheroomthen,weren’tthere?
19）否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
Itisimpossible,isn'tit?
Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?
20）.反义疑问句的回答用yes，no但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。
Theydon’tworkhard,dothey?
Yes,theydo.
不，他们工作努力。
No,theydon’t.
对，他们工作不努力。
4.主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：
前句主语
后句主语
例 句
This/that
It
Thisisyourbrother,isn’tit?
Something\anything\
everything\nothing
Nothingisserious,isit?
V.ing/tov.
Swimmingisgreatfun,isn’tit?
These/those
they
Thosearebooks,aren’tthey?
Everybody/everyone
Someboby/someone
Anybody/anyone
He/they
Everyoneknowsthis,don’tthey?
（Everyoneknowsthis,doesn’tit?
）
Both…and…
They/you/we
BothTomandJackcame,didn’tthey?
Nobody
He
Nobodylikestolosemoney,doeshe?
had better
用should或had
We had better go right now, shouldn’t we / hadn’t we?
“ would rather + 动词原形”“would like to + 动词原形”
用wouldn’t
You’d like to have some bananas, wouldn’t you?
Iam
Aren’tI
I am your friend, aren’t I?
Let me …
will you 或may I：
Let me help you, may I?
Let’s …
shall we
Let’s go for a walk, shall we?
let us …
will you
Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
Let接第三人称
will you
Let him come in, will you?
感叹句
Isn’tit/aren’t…?
What fine weather, isn’t it?
否定的祈使句
will you或can you：
Don’t make a noise, will / can you?
表示邀请,
请求的祈使句
will you
won’t you/
would you
Come here, will you?
Turn off the light, will you?
表示告诉别人做某事的祈使句
will you、can you、would you或can’t you、won’t you：
Stop talking, can you?
Write down the new words, will you / won’t you?
5.谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：
前谓语
后谓语
例句
have （有）
have或do
Mary has two brothers, doesn’t she / hasn’t she?
have （有）
与陈述
部分一致
He hasn’t a lot of time, has he?
have不做“有”
用do
They all have a good time, don’t they?
have to
用do或have
We have to get up early, don’t we / haven’t we?
have got to
用have
We have got to answer all the questions, haven’t we?
had better
用should或had
We had better go right now, shouldn’t we / hadn’t we?
may
may 主语 + not
They may be here next week, may they not?
must（必须）
用needn’t
You must do it today, needn’t you?
must（应该）
用mustn’t
I must study hard, mustn’t I?
mustn’t
用must或may
You mustn’t talk like that, must you?
实义动词need和dear
用do
He needs help, doesn’t he?
情态动词need和dear
用need和dear
He dare not say so, dare he?
needn’t
用need或must
He needn’t do that, must he?
“ would rather + 动词原形”“would like to + 动词原形”
用wouldn’t
You’d like to have some bananas, wouldn’t you?
“ought to + 动词原形”
用oughtn’t 或shouldn’t
We ought to go there, shouldn’t we?
“used to +
动词原形”
“didn’t + 主语”
“usedn’t 主语”
He used to live in London, usedn’t he / didn’t he?
三、快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语疑问部分
Iaren'tI
Wishmay+主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few,seldom,hardly,肯定含义
rarely,little等否定
含义的词
oughtto（肯定的）shouldn't/oughtn't+主语
haveto+v.（hadto+v.）don't+主语（didn't+主语）
usedtodidn't+主语或usedn't+主语
hadbetter+v.hadn'tyou
wouldrather+v.wouldn't+主语
you'dliketo+v.wouldn't+主语
must根据实际情况而定
感叹句中be+主语
Neither…nor,
either…or连接的根据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that,主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导与宾语从句相的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,noone复数they,单数he
情态动词dare或needneed（dare）+主语
dare,need为实义动词do+主语
省去主语的祈使句willyou？
Let's开头的祈使句Shallwe?
Letus开头的祈使句Willyou?
therebe相应的谓语动词+there（省略主语代词）
否定前缀不能视为否定词仍用否定形式
must表"推测"根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
初中英语语法之反义疑问句
注意一、反义疑问句是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是一个省略问句，附加在陈述句后，即：
陈述句 + 逗号 + 省略问句 + 问号
You are from America, aren’t you?
注意二、遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则（但在祈使句等一些特殊句子中需注意，详细见注意七）
Jim isn’t in Class Four, is he?
注意三、附加疑问句必须前后两句主语相同
Mr Zhang has been here for four years, hasn’t he?
注意四、附加疑问句部分与主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）
1． this 或that改it，无论是否指人
This is your brother, isn’t it?
2. these或those改they
Those are books ,aren’t they?
3. 不定代词one改one或he
One can’t be always young, can one / he?
4. something、anything、everything和nothing改it
Nothing is serious, is it?
（注意为什么后面用is it而不是isn’t it?
）
Everything seems all right, doesn’t it?
5. everybody、everyone、somebody、someone、anybody、anyone、nobody改they或he（任选，但选定后注意单复数形式）
Everyone knows this, don’t they / doesn’t he?
Nobody likes to lose money, does he?
（这里最好用he）
6.each of改he或they
Each of the boys had an apple, didn’t he / they?
7. no one, none, neither, either改they 或he
No one came, did they?
8. some of…、none of …改it、they或you（联系上下文或句子）
None of the food was delicious, was it?
Some of the dustmen have come back, haven’t they?
9. 由neither…nor…、not only…but also、both…and…、either…or…、not…but…、…or…、…and…等连接的并列主语，改复数代词
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?
Both Tom and Jack came, didn’t they?
10. 由动词不定式、动名词、从句或词组构成的主语，改it
To learn English well isn’t easy, is it?
Swimming is great fun, isn’t it?
11. the + 形容词表示一类人，改复数代词
The poor had no right （权力） to speak at the time, did they?
12. there 引起的句子（There be句型等），仍用there
There stands a house and a lot of trees, doesn’t there?
There are many children in the park, aren’t there?
注意五、附加疑问句部分与谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）（初中阶段14点18点和19点可以常识性了解）
1. have （有）改have或do
Mary has two brothers, doesn’t she / hasn’t she?
2. have （有）必须与陈述部分一致
He hasn’t a lot of time, has he?
Miss Green doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she?
3. have不做“有”解释，必须用do
They all have a good time, don’t they?
4. have to用do或have
We have to get up early, don’t we / haven’t we?
5. have got to用have
We have got to answer al
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