特殊疑问词动词不定式的用法归纳.docx
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特殊疑问词动词不定式的用法归纳
“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的用法归纳
一.由两部分构成:
疑问词和动词不定式(wh-+todo)。
疑问词部分包括疑问代词who,whom,what,which和whose以及疑问副词when,where和how。
此外,连接词“whether”也适用.它主要具有以下几种功能:
⑴当主语,如:
●Whentoholdthemeetinghasnotyetbeendecided.
●Wheretoliveisaproblem.
⑵当宾语,常接在forget,findout,discuss,decide,tell,teach,know,learn,wonder,rember等动词之后作宾语如:
●Wemustknowwhattosayatameeting.
●Hecouldnottellwhomtotrust.
●Doyouknowhowtoplaybridge?
⑶当表语,如:
●Theproblemiswheretofindthefinancialaid.
●Thequestioniswhotoelect.
⑷当名词同位语,如:
●Tomhadnoideawhichbooktoreadfirst.
●Thequestionwhethertoconfesstroubledthegirl.
⑸用于宾语补足语,双重宾语。
某些动词后可接“sb.+疑问词+不定式”构成的双重宾语,这类动词常用的有advise,ask,show,teach,tell等如:
●Icantellyouwheretogetthisbook.
●IaskherhowtolearnEnglish.
●Hewilladviseyouwhattodo.
●Willyoushowmehowtousethemachine?
(6)作介词宾语:
某些介词后面可接"疑问词+不定式"作宾语,这类介词常用的有about,as,from,in,of,on,with等。
例如:
Hehasnoideaofhowtoanswerthisquestion.他不知道怎样回答这个问题。
Dellahadonly$
1.87withwhichtobuyJimapresent.德拉仅有$
1.87为来吉姆买一件礼物。
(which是关系代词)
Youhaveanumberoftopicsfromwhichtochoose.你有很多题目可以选择。
(which是关系代词)
二“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构可以把复合句转为简单句。
如:
Idon’tknowwhatI’lldonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Thedoctortoldhimwhenheshouldtakethemedicine.=Thedoctortoldhimwhentotakethemedicine.
同样,因为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构相当于一个名词性从句,所以可用同等成分的从句代替,从而把简单句转换为复合句。
改写时只需在疑问词后加上适当的主语,并把不定式改为适当的形式的谓语即可。
如:
Whichtochooseisimportant.=Whichweshouldchooseisimportant.Thequestioniswheretogo.=Thequestioniswhereweshouldgo.
三、“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构可构成独立问句。
如:
Whattodo?
怎么办?
Howtogetridofthetrouble?
如何摆脱困境?
按照英语语法的习惯,疑问副词why后不直接跟动词不定式,如:
误:
Idon’tknowwhytochoosethatdictionary.
正:
Idon’tknowwhyyoumustchoosethatdictionary.
但它可以接不带to的动词不定式,即动词原形,构成whydosth./whynotdosth.肯定形式是表示某动作是不必要的或没有意义的,而否定形式是表示向某人提建议和表达看法,相当于祈使句。
TodayisSunday.Whynotgoouttorelaxyourself?
Whypaymoreatothershops?
Wehavethebestvalue.
练习:
1.Ihavenoideawhen___herthebadnews.
A.willtell
B.telling
C.tell
D.totell
2.—Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?
—Sure.Nowletmetellyou__first.
A.whichtodo
B.howtodo
C.whentodo
D.whattodo
3.IneedyourhelpbecauseIdon’tknow__.
A.howtodoit
B.howtodo
C.whattodoit
D.whatshouldIdo
4.—Howareyoufeelinghere?
—It’squitehot.Idon’tknow__togoorstay.
A.how
B.when
C.whether
D.where
5.—Idon’tknow__todowiththismathsproblem.It’stoohard.
—Youcanaskyourclassmatesorteachersforhelp.
A.which
B.how
C.what
D.when
6.—Millie,couldyougivemesomeadvice?
Idon’tknow__.
—Whydon’tyouwearthisredshirt?
A.whentowear
B.whattowear
C.howtowear
D.wheretowear
7.I’mgoingonafieldtripbutIhaven’tdecided_____.
A.whattodo
B.todowhat
C.wheretogo
D.togowhere
8—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme____,WangLin?
—Sure.
A.whattoworkitout
B.whattoworkoutit
C.howtoworkitout
D.howtoworkoutit
9.Excuseme.Wouldyoupleasetellme____buyadigitalcamera?
A.whatto
B.whereto
C.whatIcan
D.wherecanI
10.Thereisn'tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow____.
A.wheretochoose
B.whichtochoose
C.tochoosewhat
D.tochoosewhich用“疑问词+不定式”改写下列句子。
1.Howweshoulddoitwasdiscussedlastnight.
_____wasdiscussedlastnight.
2.Ididn’tknowwhereIshouldgo.
Ididn’tknow______.
3.Thedifficultywashowweshouldcrosstheriver.
Thedifficultywas______.
根据汉语补全下列英语译文。
1.何时动身还不知道。
______isunknown.
2.我忘了该怎么办。
Iforgot______.
3.我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。
Icantellyou_____.
4.YaoMing未决定下一步做什么。
YaoMinghasn’tdecide______next.
5.Shehasdecided______.(到哪儿工作。
)
6.BillGatesknew______(怎样帮助)children.
7.Ican’tdecide______(是否踢足球)ordohomework.
8.Paulknows______(跟谁谈)forhelp.
9.Youshoulddecide______(做哪个)first.
10.Simonjustforgot______(什么时间接)hisfriend.
仁爱版英语九年级上册Unit3Topic3测试题
第二部分基础知识运用(55分)
Ⅰ.单项选择。
(10分)
()
1.—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme___,WangLi?
—Sure.
A.whattoworkitout
B.whattoworkoutit
C.howtoworkitout
D.howtoworkoutit()
2.Itisimportant___thepianowell.
A.ofhimtoplay
B.forhimtoplay
C.ofhimplaying
D.forhimtoplaying
()
3.—Sorry,Ican’tfollowyou.Ibegyourpardon?
—___
B.That’sallright.
C.Notatall.
D.Noproblem.
()
4.Theoldfarmerfeltlike___abighouseverymuch.
A.toget
B.get
C.getting
D.got
()
5.She___walkatnight.Howbravesheis!
A.dareto
B.daresto
C.darenot
D.doesn’tdareto()
6.Iwillgotomydoctorfor___onhealthydiet(饮食).
A.anadvice
B.someadvices
C.anyadvice
D.somepiecesofadvice()
7.It’smyhonor___togiveatalkhere.
A.toinvite
B.tobeinvited
C.inviting
D.invite
()
8.Iusuallygotothemovieswithmyparents,but___alone.
A.sometimes
B.sometime
C.attimes
D.attime
()
9.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,it’susefulto___beforeclassand___afterclass.
A.review;preview
B.preview;review
C.review;topreview
D.preview;toreview()
10.Listening,speakingandreadingareallimportant___writing.
A.beside
B.besides
C.except
D.expect
第三部分写作(25分)
Ⅰ.词汇。
(10分)
(A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
1.Iamveryw___inEnglish,soI’mgoingtoworkhardatit.
2.Theplanshavebeenunderd___.
3.MyEnglishteachertoldusmanygoodm___tostudy.
4.I’msorry,Ican’tfollowyou.Canyour___that?
5.Whatanicestory!
Canyour___itinEnglish?
(B)根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
6.They____________(坚持弹奏)themusiclateyesterdaynight.
7.Please________________(深呼吸)andrelaxyourselfbeforeyougivea
speechinclass.
8.Wecanlearnfrom________(犯错误).
9.Heissoexcitedthathecan’tsay________(完整的话).
10.Inorderto________(练习语法),Ikeepadiary.
Ⅱ.句型转换。
(5分)
11.Everyyearthefarmersplantmanytreesonthosehills.(改为被动语态)Manytrees________onthosehills____thefarmerseveryyear.
12.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththebrokenbike.(同义句转换)
Idon’tknowwhat____________thebrokenbike.
13.Don’tgiveuplearningEnglish,it’shelpfultoyou.(同义句转换)
Don’t________English,it’shelpfultoyou.
14.ThechildrenhadagoodtimeinDisneyland.(同义句转换)
Thechildren________inDisneyland.
15.Janewouldliketoeatsomefish.(同义句转换)
Jane____________somefish.