版八年级下册语法点.docx

版八年级下册语法点.docx

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版八年级下册语法点

八年级下册语法点总结

Unit1What’sthematter?

SectionA

1.询问别人怎么了？

What’sthematter（withyou）?

What’sthetrouble?

What’stheproblem?

What’swrong?

2.回答身体不适：

Ihaveacold（感冒）.Ihaveaflu（流感）.Ihaveafever（发烧）

Ihaveacough（咳嗽）

Ihaveaheadache（头痛）Ihaveatoothache（牙疼）

Ihaveabackache（后背疼）Ihaveastomachache（胃疼）

Ihaveasorethroat.（咽喉痛）Ihaveasoreleg（腿酸）.

Ihaveapainin+身体部位.

Ihaveapaininmyhead/back/stomach/leg/arm/eye/neck/ear/nose/hand.

3.talktoomuch说得太多toomuch+不可数名词，太多的……可以修饰动词，表示某事做的太多

HewatchedTVtoomuchlastnightsohehadapaininhiseyes.

4.Icutmyself（cut-cut-cut）cutoneself割伤自己

cut名词，伤口

oneself反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves

5.建议：

WhatshouldIdo?

ShouldI+动词原形？

Youshould/shouldn’tdosthYouneedtodosth

躺下来休息liedownandrest/havearest

喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶drinksomehotteawithhoney

看牙医并照X光seeadentistandgetanX-ray

量体温takeone’stemperature

在上面敷些药putsomemedicineonthecut

6.听起来你不像是发烧啊。

Itdoesn’tsoundlikeyouhaveafever.

7.allweekend整个周末

all（the）day/year==thewholeday/year.

8.你需要远离电脑休息

Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.

takebreakstakeabreak休息

（be）awayfromsth/sb远离某物或某人

9.我同一个姿势坐了太久没动。

Isatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.

inthis/thatway以这样或那样的方式

without介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词

Wenevervisitafriend’shousewithoutcallingfirst.

10.hurtv.受伤，疼痛Myheadhurts.

V.伤害Youhurtmyheart.

hurtoneselfdoingsth做某事伤到自己

Hehurthimselfplayingsoccer.

11.过去进行时：

过去某个具体的时间点上正在发生的动作，如，昨晚七点钟我正在家里吃晚饭Iwashavingdinnerathomeat7yesterdayevening.

构成：

was/were+doing

常用的时间词：

at7yesterdayevening,atthattime,或者是为when/while引导的时间状语从句。

HewasreadingwhileIwaswatchingTV

Whenmymomcamein,Iwasdoingmyhomework.

12.goalong…Street沿着..街道走

13.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事

lie位于ChinaliesintheeastofAsia.

躺Heislyingonthebeach.

（lie-lay过去式-lain过去分词lie-lying）

路边onthesideoftheroadonbothsidesoftheroad

14.shoutforhelp大喊呼救

15.公交司机毫不犹豫停下了车

Thebusdriverstoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.

stop-stoppedwithout介词+V-ing

thinktwice再想第二次

16.上车getonthebus/train/plane/subway

下车getoffthebus/train/plane/subway

小汽车和出租车getintothecar/taxi

getoutofthecar/taxi

17.whathappened?

发生了什么事？

happen发生，强调偶然意外地发生

Sthhappenedtosb某人发生了某事

Sbhappenedtodosth某人碰巧做了某事

takeplace发生举办，强调有规划、有计划、有预谋的发生

Thesportsmeetingwilltakeplacenextmonth.

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmycityinthelasttenyears.

18.快速行动actquickly副词修饰动词

19.心脏有问题haveaheartproblem

20.期望某人做某事expectsbtodosth

21.等待waitforsb/sth等着去做某事waittodosth

22.令某人感到惊讶的是，toone’ssurprise

感到惊讶besurprisedatsth/besurprisedtodosth

令人惊讶的surprising

23.同意做某事agreetodosth赞同某人的观点agreewithsb

24.帮助某人做某事helpsbtodosth

25.幸亏，多亏了…Thankstosb

因为……而感谢Thanksforsth/doingsth

26.及时intime及时赶上飞机beintimefortheplane

按时，准时ontime

27.Itissadthat。

。

。

……是让人悲伤的。

Itissadthathisbestfriendsdiedlastweek.

帮助别人helpothers/otherpeople

other+可数名词复数=others

28.考虑自己thinkaboutoneself

29.考虑做某事thinkaboutdoingsth

30.savesb拯救某人saveone’slife救了某人的命

saveourlives救了我们的命

31.getintotrouble惹麻烦hit撞击，hit-hit-hit

立刻，马上atonce=rightaway=inaminute

32.跌倒falldown

33.foot-feettooth-teeth

A3a

BusDriverandPassengersSaveanOldMan

At9:

00a.m.yesterday,busNo.26________（go）alongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriver_______（see）anoldman________（lie）onthesideoftheroad.Awomannexttohim___________（shout）forhelp.

Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing,______（stop）thebuswithout_______（think）twice.Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhat________（happen）.Shesaidthatthemanhadaheartproblemand_______（go）tothehospital.Mr.Wangknewhehadtoact______（quick）.Hetoldthepassengersthathe________（take）themantothehospital.Heexpectedmostorallofthepassengers______（get）offand_______（wait）forthenextbus.Buttohissurprise,theyallagreed_______（go）withhim.SomepassengershelpedMr.Wang________（move）themanontothebus.

ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorssavedthemanintime.“It’ssadthatmanypeople__________（notwant）tohelpothersbecausetheydon’twantanytrouble,”saysonepassenger.“Butthedriver___________（notthink）abouthimself.Heonly_______（think）about________（save）alife.”

SectionB

1.feelsick感觉病了feel+adj感觉……

feelwell感觉很好（well只有表示身体健康的时候是形容词）

2.haveanosebleed流鼻血cutone’sknee伤到膝盖

gethitonthehead被撞到头

3.lose-lost-lost失去loseone’slife/arm/leg

4.一位对登山感兴趣的美国人

anAmericanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing

who引导的定语从句修饰前面的先行词anAmerican

beinterestedinsth/doingsth对……感兴趣

登山climbthemountains登山运动mountainclimbing

剪纸cutpaper剪纸艺术papercutting

登山者mountainclimber

5.beusedtosth/doingsth习惯于某事、习惯于做某事

beusedtodosthbeusedfordoingsth被用来做某事

usedtodosth过去常常做某事

6.oneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports

oneof+可数名词复数……之一

about介词，其后跟动名词

7.time时间，不可数spendtimewithsb和某人一起度过时光

wastetime浪费时间

time次数，可数名词threetimesfourtimes三次、四次

manytimes很多次

sometime一段时间sometimes一些次

8.becauseof因为，其后跟名词、代词、动名词

9.onApril26,2003在具体某一天，介词用on

10.findhimselfinaverydangeroussituation发现自己处于极危险的境况

findsb/sth+adj发现某人或某物……

findit+adj+todosth发现做某事是……的

11.when/while+V-ing

12.becaught被困

一块360公斤的岩石a360-kilorock

一个11岁的男孩aneleven-year-oldboy

数字+名词单数+形容词

byoneself独自地

13.freehisarm解放（救）他的胳膊

14.Sthrunout某物用完用尽

Sbrunoutofsth某人用尽某物

Theyranoutoftheirmoney.Theirmoneyranout

15.bereadytodosth准备好去做某事

bereadyforsth为…做好准备

16.usesthtodosth使用某物去做某事

Sthbeusedtodosth某物被用来做某事

17.cutoff切断，割断cutdown砍倒cutup切碎

18.bandagehimself给自己包扎

19.so+adj/adv+that从句太……以至于……（表结果）

sothat从句以便于（表目的）

Hewassotiredthathecouldn’tmove.

HewantedtolearnmoreEnglishsothathecanunderstandEnglishmovies.

20.before/after+名词、代词、动名词

21.abookcalled……一本叫……的书

aboynamed一个叫……的男孩

abookwrittenbyMoYan一本莫言写的书

过去分词做后置定语修饰前面的名词

22.beinadifficultsituation处于一个困境中

23.seemtodosth似乎好像做某事

Heseemstoknoweverything.他好像什么都知道

Hedoesn’tseemtohavemanyfriends.他好像没有很多朋友

24.theimportanceofdoingsth做某事的重要性

makeadecisiontodosth决定去做某事=decidetodosth

beincontrolofone’slife控制某人的人生

25.他对登山的热爱如此之盛，以至于在这次经历之后他仍然坚持登山。

Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsafterthisexperience.

keepdoingsth一直做某事keepondoingsth坚持做某事

26.havethesame…assb和某人拥有一样的……

Hehasthesameclothesasme

27.giveup放弃后跟名词或动名词，代词放中间

giveitupgiveupsmoking

28.minddoingsth介意做某事

29.knife-kniveslife-lives生命

30.blood血液31.nurse护士

B2b

HeLostHisArmButIsStillClimbing

AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountain________（climb）.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedto_______（take）risks.Thisisoneoftheexciting______（thing）about______（do）dangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmost______（lose）hislifebecauseofaccidents.OnApril26,2003,hefound_______（he）inaverydangeroussituationwhen________（climb）inUtah.

Onthatday,Aron’sarm_________（catch）undera360-kilorockthat_____（fall）onhimwhenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains.Becausehecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeone_______（find）him.Butwhenhiswater_____（run）out,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomething______（save）hisownlife.Hewasn’tready______（die）thatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldn’tlosetoomuchblood.Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountaintofindhelp

After_____（lose）hisarm,hewroteabook______（call）BetweenaRockandHardPlace.Thismeans_____（be）inadifficultsituationthatyoucan’tseemtogetoutof.Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceof______（make）gooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekepton______（climb）mountainsevenafterthisexperience.

DowehavethesamespiritasAron?

Let’s______（think）aboutitbeforewefind_______（our）“betweenarockandahardplace”,andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath.

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.

SectionA

代词放中间，名词放两边

1.helptodosthhelpdosthhelpwithsth

2.cleanup打扫，清扫cheersbup鼓舞某人

giveoutfood分发食物

3.volunteer名词，志愿者

动词，志愿做某事volunteertodosth

4.comeupwithaplan想出，提出一个计划=thinkof

5.putoffthesportsmeeting推迟运动会putoffdoingsth

Iputoffvisitingmyauntbecauseofmyexams.

6.putupsigns张贴告示

7.handthemout=givethemout把它们分发出去

8.callsbup给某人打电话

9.makeaplantodosth/makeplanstodosth=plantodosth

plan既可做名词，又可以是动词

10.helpoutwithsth帮忙做某事，帮忙摆脱困境解决问题

11.thingslikereadingnewspapersorjusttalkingtothem

like介词，比如，像…，其后跟名词代词、动名词

12.lonely孤独的alone独自一人

livealonefeellonely

13.careforsb照顾某人，careforsth喜欢某物

careabout关心，在意

14.Weareallgoingtobeoldoneday.终有一天我们都会老去

15.Theygiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.

他们每周放弃几个小时的时间去帮助别人

不定式表目的giveupsth/doingsth

16.learnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals

学习更多关于如何照顾动物的知识

疑问词+不定式，在动词或介词后做宾语

17.当我看到动物们好起来时，我有一种强烈的自我满足感

IgetastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetter.

seesbdosth

18.attheageoffour=whenshewasfouryearsold

19.decidetodosth决定做某事

20.tryoutforteachers参加教师选拔

tryout参加选拔

21.Youcanseeintheireyesthatthey’regoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook

从他们的眼睛里你会看到每一本书都在带着他们进行一次不一样的旅程。

22.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.在这里做志愿活动对