考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx
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考研英语二真题及答案解析
2014考研英语二真题及答案解析
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Thinnerisn'talwaysbetterAnumberofstudieshave__1thatnormal—weightpeople
areinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually2.Forexample,
heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen・3among
theelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan4ofgoodhealth.
obesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined6bodymass
index,orBMI.BMI7__bodymass
dividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30is
overweight.Andover30isconsideredobese.Obesity,8,canbedividedinto
moderatelyobese,severelyobese,andvery
severelyobese
Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,
theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10others
withalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,
someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.
Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15」nthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityineludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlower
prospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.
1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured
2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]
sufficient[D]troublesome
3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise
[D]Therefore
4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]
example
5.[A]impact[B]relevanee[C]assistanee[D]concern
6.[A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]inof
7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies
8.[A]inessenee[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]inpart
9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward
10.[A]so[B]uniike[C]since[D]unless
11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]
taste
12.[A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay
13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant
14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity
[D]tendency
15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored
16.[A][B]combined[C]settled[D]associated
17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only
18.[A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded
19.[A]discussions[B]businesses[C]
policies[D]studies
20.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]without更多资料请登入:
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SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
Whatwouldyoudowith590m?
ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84—year—oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin—roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotin
history.Ifshehopeshernew—foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton
Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbe
counterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnewbecomesold—hat;regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoften
becomemorevaluablewithtime—asstoriesormemories—particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.
Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthe
most"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision(somethingtheaverage
Americanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib—amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.
Readersof“HappyMoneyareclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthors'olicyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent。
21.AccordingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?
[A]Abighouse
[B]Aspecialtour
[C]Astylishcar
[D]Arichmeal
22.Theauthor'sattitudetoward
Americans'watchingTVis
[A]critical
[B]supportive
[C]sympathetic
[D]ambiguous
23.Macribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat
[A]consumersaresometimesirrational
[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality
[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective
[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure
24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Happy
Money
[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders'criticism
[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase
[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapinthe
us
[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement
25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto
[A]balaneefeelinggoodandspendingmoney
[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries
[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent
[D]becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries
Text2
AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointed
outthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou'remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep—seatedneedtofeelgoocaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself—enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect,”or“illusorysuperiority,andshown
that,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indriving
and85%atgettingonwellwithothers——allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities
Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself—affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe'rehotstuff.
PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself—enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselves'fromalineup
includingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyand
intuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation.”fthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage—whichmustdid—theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdiffereneeinresponses.Norwasthereany
evideneethat,thosewhoself—enhancethemust(thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthe
mostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal)weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthatthe
imageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherselfesteem.“Idon'tthinkthefindingsthatwe
havinghaveareanyevideneeofpersonaldelusion,saysEpley.“It'eftectionsimply
ofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves.'Ifyouaredepressed,youwon'tbeself—enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley‘sstudyitmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally—ononelevel,theydon'teevrecognisethepersoninthepictureasthemselves,Facebooktherefore,isaself—enhancer'sparadiswherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyleit'notthatpeople'sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.更多资料请登入:
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26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,
socialpsychologisthavefoundthat.
[A]ourself—ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh
[B]illusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffect
[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural
[D]self—enhancingstrategiesareineffective
27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeople's
[A]rapidwatching
[B]consciouschoice
[C]intuitiveresponse
[D]automaticself—defenee
28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself—esteemtendedto
[A]underestimatetheirinsecurities
[B]believeintheirattractiveness
[C]coveruptheirdepres