21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解.docx
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21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解
21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解
本文档格式为WORD,感谢你的阅读。
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21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解
导语:
在美国圣诞节,圣诞节一直以一堆礼物和豪华派对为特色。
不久前,一群人呼吁市民放弃奢侈的圣诞庆祝活动,度过假期。
下面是一篇题为保卫简单的圣诞节的英语课文,欢迎大家阅读。
Text
IntheU.SA.,Christmashaslongbeencharacterizedbypilesofpresentsandlavishparties.Notlongago,agroupofpeopleurgedthepublictogiveupextravagantChristmascelebrationsandspendtheholidaysimply.
InDefenseofaSimpleChristmas
BillMcKibben
IknowwhatIwillbedoingonChristmasEve.Mywife,my4-year-olddaughter,mydad,mybrotherandIwillsnowshoeoutintothewoodsinthelateafternoon,chooseasuitabletreeandsawitdown.Ihavehadmyeyeonthreeorfourlikelycandidatesallyear.
Wewillbringithome,shakeoffthesnow,decorateitandthenheadforchurch,wheretheSundayschoolclassIhelpteachwillperformthisyear
#39;spageant.Andthenitishometohangstockings,stokethefireandgotobed.OurChristmascelebrationisastraditionalasitgets,exceptthatthereisnosprawlingpileofpresentsunderthetree.
Severalyearsago,afewofusinnorthernNewYorkstartedacampaignfor
quot;$100holidays.
quot;Wedecidedtourgepeoplenottospendmorethan$100perfamilyonpresentsandtorelyinsteadonsimplehomemadegifts.Thatfirstyear,Imadewalkingsticksforeveryone.Lastyear,Imadespicychickensausage.Mymotherhasembracedtheideabymakingcalendarsillustratedwithsnapshotsshehastaken.
The$100figurewasawaytoexplaintochildrenwhytheyweren
#39;tgettingeverythingontheirlist.Sofar,ourdaughter,Sophie,doesfineatChristmas.Herstockingisexcitingtoher.Thetreeisexciting.Skatingonthepondisexciting.Itisworthmentioning,however,thatwedon
#39;thaveatelevision,soshemaynotunderstandthedegreeofherimpoverishment.
Thisholidayideamaysoundmodest.Itismodest.Andyetatthesametime,itisprettyradical.Christmas,itturnsout,isabulwarkofthenation
#39;seconomy.ManybusinessesdoathirdoftheirvolumeinthemonthsjustbeforeDec.25.Andsoithitsanervetoquestionwhetherweshouldcelebratethebirthofamanwhosaidweshouldgiveallthatwehavetothepoorbyshoweringoneanotherwithmotorizedtieracks.
Whenwebeganthe$100campaign,merchantswritingtothelocalnewspapersmadeitcleartouswhatathreateningideaitwas.Newspapercolumniststhoughtitwasprettyextreme,too.Onesaidthatwhileourmessagehadmerit,itwoulddotoomuchdamagetobusiness.
Andhewasright,oratleastnotwrong.IfweallbackedoutofChristmasexcess,wewouldsinkmanyagiftshop.Ifwethrewlesslavishofficeparties,catererswouldsuffer—andfloristsandliquorwholesalersandsoondownthefeedingchain.Butwehavetostartsomewhereifwearetoclimbdownfromtheunsustainableheightswehavereached,andChristmasmightaswellbeit.
WhenwebegantospreadourideaaboutcelebratingChristmasinanewway,wewereearnestandsober.Big-timeChristmaswasanenvironmentaldisgrace—allthatwrappingpaperandallthosebatteries.Themoneycouldbesomuchbetterspent:
Thepriceofonesilknecktiecouldfeedavillageforaday.AndstrugglingtocreateaproperChristmasdrivespoorfamiliesintodebt.HereinNewYork,JanuaryfindsmanypeoplecuttingbackonheattopayofftheirChristmasbills.
Thosewereallgoodreasonstoscaleback.Butaswecontinuedourcampaign,wefoundwereallyweren
#39;tinterestedinchangingChristmasbecausewewantedfewerbatteries.Wewantedmorejoy.WefeltcheatedbytheChristmaseswewerehaving—sorushed,sobusyandsofullofhypethatwecouldn
#39;trelaxandenjoytheseason.
YoumaybetoolateforthisChristmas.Youalreadymayhaveboughtyourpileofstuff.Infact,turningthefocusofChristmasbacktoChristisalongandpatienteffort.Buttojudgefromourfamily
#39;sholidaysinrecentyears,itiswellworththeeffort.
NewWords
defense
n.theactorprocessofdefending维护,保卫;辩护
snowshoe
vi.穿雪鞋行走
n.(用于在雪地上行走的)雪鞋
saw
v.锯,锯开
candidate
n.候选者;候选人
decorate
v.addsth.to(anobjectorplace),esp.inordertomakeitmoreattractive装饰
pageant
n.ashoworceremony,usu.outofdoors,inwhichtherearepeoplewearingrichdressorinwhichhistoricalscenesareacted盛大的庆曲;(露天演出的)历史剧
stocking
n.长袜,袜子
stoke
v.stirupandfeedfuelto(afire,etc.)添加燃料拨旺(炉火)
celebration
n.theactofcelebrating庆祝
sprawl
vi.spreadoutirregularlyoveralargearea(杂乱无章地)蔓生,蔓延,扩展
campaign
n.aplannedsetofactionsintendedtorealizeaparticulargoal运动
urge
vt.tryveryhardtoadviseorask(sb.)todoaparticularthing力劝;敦促
per
prep.foreach每,每一
rely
vi.(on)dependonsb.orsth.依靠
homemade
a.madeathome,locallyorattheplacebought自制的
spicy
a.havingorproducingapleasantlystrongtasteandsmell有香(料)味的;辛辣的
sausage
n.香肠;腊肠
embrace
vt.(fml)accepteagerly[正式]欣然接受
vt.
amp;vi.takeandhold(sb.oreachother)inthearms(互相)拥抱
calendar
n.日历
illustrate
vt.1.addpicturesto(abook,etc.)给(书等)加插图
2.makeclearbyexamples(用例子)说明;表明
snapshot
n.aninformalphoto,usu.takenwithasimplecamera(简易照相机拍的)快照
figure
n.1.anamount,esp.ofmoney(钱等的)数目
2.anyofthenumbersigns数字符号
pond
n.anareaofwatersmallerthanalake池塘
mention
vt.speakabout(sth.)inafewwords提及,谈起
impoverishment
n.poverty贫穷
modest
a.1.notlargeinamount,size,value,etc.适度的,不过分的
2.havingaloweropinionofone
#39;sownabilitythanisprobablydeserved谦虚的
radical
a.extreme;thoroughgoing激进的;彻底的
bulwark
n.anyprotectionagainstdanger,injury,etc.保障;支柱
economy
n.thesystembywhichacountry
#39;swealthisproducedthroughtrade,industry,etc.经济体制,经济情况
volume
n.thenumberoramountofsth.份量,量;额
nerve
n.1.神经
2.courage;determination勇敢;决心
shower
vt.sendorgive(sth.)(tosb.)ingreatnumbers大量地给予
motorized
a.equippedwithamotor机动化的;摩托化的
rack
n.架子,挂架,搁架
merchant
n.apersonwhobuysandsellsgoodsforprofit商人
threaten
v.expressathreatagainst威胁
columnist
n.apersonwhowritesanewspaperormagazinecolumn专栏作家
merit
n.thequalityofbeinggood优点,长处
damage
n.injuryorharmtoapersonorthing破坏,损害
vt.dodamageto破坏,损害
excess
n.immoderateindulgence,asineating,drinking,etc.(饮食烟酒等的)无节制,无度
lavish
a.verywastefulingivingorusing非常浪费的
caterer
n.apersonorcompanythatprovidesfoodforlargesocialevents酒席承办人
florist
n.apersonorcompanythatownsorworksinashopwhichsellscutlowersandplants花商;花店工作人员
liquor
n.酒,含酒精饮料
wholesaler
n.abusinessmanwhosellsgoodsinlargequantitiesandusu.atlowprices批发商
unsustainable
a.unabletobecontinuedinitspresentform无法支撑(或维持)的
earnest
a.serious;notjoking;sincere认真的;真诚的
*sober
a.serious;thoughtful严肃的;审慎的
environmental
a.环境的
disgrace
n.shameorlossofotherpeople
#39;srespect;apersonorthingthatbringsshame,dishonor,etc.丢脸,耻辱;丢脸的人(或事)
wrap
v.coverorenclosewithinacovering包裹
battery
n.电池
necktie
n.(esp.AmE)tie(尤美)领带;领结
debt
n.moneyorotherthingsowedtosb.else欠债,债务
scale
vt.increaseorreduce,esp.byafixedrate(按比例)调节
n.asetofnumbersorstandardsusedtomeasureorcompare(测量或比较的)标准;等级
cheat
v.deceive欺骗
hype
n.天花乱坠的宣传
PhrasesandExpressions
indefenseof
supporting维护;为-----辩护
shakeoff
getridof抖落;摆脱
relyon
dependon依靠,依赖
sofar
uptothepresent到目前为止
turnout
befoundorknowntobe结果(是);原来(是);证明(是)
hit/touchanerve
refertoasubjectthatcausessb.pain,anger,etc.触及要害;触到痛处
dodamageto
损害,破坏
backout
withdraw退出,撒手不干
manya
(fml)many[正式]许多
climbdown
1.往下爬
2.admitthatyouarewrong认错;退让
mightaswell
还是-----为好,不妨
drive...into
force(sb.)intoausu.unpleasantcondition迫使,逼使
cutbackon
reduce缩减,削减
payoff
pay(adebt)infull还清
scaleback
reduce(sth.)byafixedrate按比例缩减
ProperNames
BillMcKibben
middot;默基本(人名)
Sophie
索菲(女子名)
Christ
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