7宾语从句1.docx
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7宾语从句1
No.7宾语从句
宾语从句主要分成三种类型：
一．陈述句：
用that引导。
Hesaidthathewouldlookintotheaccident.
Theythoughtthattheycouldhavedoneitbetter.
that可以省略。
Iknowyouwillhelpme,won’tyou?
Heguessedtheteacherhadgonehome.
二．一般疑问句：
用whether/if引导，并使用陈述语序。
Hewondersiftheteacherwillpunishhim.
Sheaskedyouwhethertheclasswouldbecanceled.
有or时，只能用whether；如产生歧义时，也须用whether，或转换句子顺序。
Hewantstoknowwhetheryouwillcomeornottomorrow.
Letmeifyoucome–Letmeknowwhetheryoucome./Ifyoucome,letmeknow.
三．特殊疑问句用wh-/how引导，并只能用陈述语序。
Heaskedmewhohadbrokenhiscup.
ShewonderedwhyJimwaslateagain.
Weaskedtheteacherhowwecouldpassthefinalexam.
Exercises:
1.Sometimesweareasked___wethinkthelikelyresultofanactionwillbe.
A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether
2.Westilldon’tknow___somemammalscametoliveinthesea.
A.whichB.sinceC.althoughD.how
3.Itsurprisesmanyyoungsters___butterfliesareinsects.
A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether
4.Thepolicearenotsure___waskilledinthefighting.
A.thatB.whatC.whoF.whom
5.AnewTVprogramteacheschildren___canandshouldthinkabouttheirfuture.
A.andB.thattheyC.bothD.who
6.WewereworriedaboutJanetbecausenooneknew___shehadgone.
A.wherethatB.oftheplaceC.whereD.theplace
7.Theyaresoalikethatyoucan’ttell___iswhich.
A.whatB.thatC.whichF.how
8.BysuccessIdon’tmean___usuallythoughtofwhenthatwordisused.
A.whatisB.thatweC.asyouD.allis
9.Doyouwantmetoaskfather___?
A.whenhewouldletusgoB.whenwouldheletusgoC.whendidheletusgoD.whenheletusgo
直接引语转间接引语
直接引语—引述别人的原话称为直接引语。
直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接。
间接引语—用自己的话转述别人的话称为间接引语。
间接引语不用引号，通常用连词与主句相联。
直接引语和间接引语都是宾语从句。
say—“说”。
通常后接听话的人或所说的内容。
Hesays,“IloveChina.”Hesaystome,“IhavebeentoChinaformanytimes.”
注意：
如果引语在前，主句要倒装。
但如带有宾语听话人，则不再倒装。
“Ilovechina,”sayshe.“IhavebeentoChinaformanytimes,”hesaystome.
speak—“说某种语言”，“说话的能力”，“讲演”。
后面也可跟听话的人。
WespeakChinese.Thebabyislearningtospeak.
Hewillspeakinthemeeting.Whenevershesawme,shewouldspeaktomeaboutherpainfulleg.
（用说话以外的方式）表达，表明.
Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Hereyesspoke.她的眼神表示出他们的情感。
talk—“谈话，谈论，讲话/报告”。
不及物，必须用介词过渡，才可以接人或事。
唯一可以作名词用的“说”。
Don’ttalktome.Iambusynow.Whoareyoutalkingwith?
I’dliketotalkaboutAsianCup.
Hewillgiveusatalktomorrow.Thetalkwillbeginat8:
00.
tell—“告诉，讲给…听”。
HetellsmethathewillcometoChina.Mumoftentellsusastorybeforewegotobed.
Ican’ttellthedifferencebetweenthetwoverbs.
ask—“问，请求,要…”。
Heasksme,“Whendoesthenexttraincome?
”Heaskedmeforhelp.Heaskedforanapple.
直接引语转间接引语：
一．如果主句为一般现在时:
从句时态可以根据情况选用任何时态。
但人称要适当转换。
连词依然要根据三种句型选用that,if/whether,或疑问词。
Hesays,“IloveChina.”–HesaysthathelovesChina.
Heasksme,“HaveyoueverbeentoChina?
”--HeasksmeifIhaveeverbeentoChina.
HeasksJane,“Wheredidyougoyesterday?
”--HeasksJanewhereshewentyesterday.
祈使句须改为toV/nottoV,另外，原句动词也要根据语气转为ask（请求）或tell/order（命令）。
Hesaystome,“Comein,please.”--Heasksmetocomein.
Hesaystome,“Don’ttalkinclass.”--Hetellsmenottotalkinclass.
感叹句：
What引导的感叹句,引述动词用remark,后接what引导的感叹句或it引导的陈述句。
Shesaid,“Whataniceday!
”--Sheremarkedwhatanicedayitwas.
How引导的感叹句，用引述动词exclaim（感叹）或say，后接how引导的感叹句。
“Howcleveryouare!
”saidhe.--HeexclaimedhowcleverIwas.
祝颂语：
表达原意即可。
如：
“Goodmorning!
”shesaidtome.–Shegreetedme.
二．如果主句为一般过去时:
1.从句时态须提前一级。
2.指示代词，地点状语及时间状语要进行转换。
详细转换方法见表格。
直接引语
间接引语
时态
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
现在完成时
can,may,must
一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
could,might,hadto
指示代词
this,these
that,those
地点状语
here
there
时间状语
now
today,tonight
thisevening
lastnight
yesterday
thedaybeforeyesterday
tomorrow
thedayaftertomorrow
nextweek
ago
then
thatday,thatnight
thatevening
thenightbefore
thedaybefore
twodaysbefore
thenextday
2daysafter
thenextweek
before
Hesaid,“Isawthefilmyesterday.”
--Hesaidthathehadseenthefilmyesterday.（转述的时间在同一天）
--Hesaidthathehadseenthefilmthedaybefore.（转述的时间不在同一天）
Heaskedme,“Doyouknowhowtouseacomputer?
”--HeaskedmeifIknewhowtouseacomputer.
HeaskedJane,“HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentoChina?
”--HeaskedJanehowmanytimesshehadbeentoChina.
Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’ttalktostrangers.”--Theteachertoldthestudentsnottotalktostrangers.
Exercises:
1.OurteachersaidthatJilin___inthenortheastofChina.
A.layB.liesC.laidD.islying
2.“Idon’tlikethisfilm,”saidmymother.–Mymothersaidthatshe___likethatfilm.
A.doesn’tB.isn’tC.willnotD.didn’t
3.“Iorderedtwobottlesofbeer,”myfriendsaid.--Myfriendsaidthathe___twobottlesofbeer.
A.orderedB.hadorderedC.wouldorderD.orders
4.Marysaid,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”--Marysaidthatshe___herhomework.
A.hasfinishedB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.finishes
5.Heasked,“Whichdoyouprefer?
”--Heaskedme___.
A.whichdoIpreferB.whichIdopreferC.whichIpreferredD.Ipreferwhich
6.Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeit?
”--Heaskedme___.
A.didIlikeitB.doIlikeitC.ifIlikeditD.ifIlikeit
7.HeaskedJim,“Doyouwantcoffeeortea?
”--HeaskedJim___hewantedcoffee___tea.
A.whether…orB.what…orC.whether…andD.what…and
8.“Whydon’tyougiveupsmoking?
”saidshe.--She___.
A.askedwhydidn’tIgiveupsmokingB.askedwhyIdon’tgiveupsmoking
C.advisedmetogiveupsmokingD.suggestmetogiveupsmoking
9.“Wouldyougetsomechalkforme?
”saidshe.--She___.
A.askedmetogethersomechalkB.askedifIwillgetsomechalkforher
C.askedwouldIgethersomechalkD.askediftogethersomechalk
10.Heshoutedtotheenemysoldier,“Laydownyourarms!
”--Heorderedtheenemysoldier___.
A.theylaiddowntheirarmsB.theywouldlaydowntheirarms
C.tolaydowntheirarmsD.whethertolaydowntheirarms
11.Hetoldus,“Don’ttalk!
”--He___.
A.toldusdon’ttalkB.toldusnottotalkC.toldusnottalkD.toldustonottalk
12.“Whatabeautifuldress!
”saidhe.--Heremarked____.
A.whatabeautifuldressitwasB.whatitwasabeautifuldress
C.abeautifuldressD.whatdressitwasbeautiful
13.“Howwellshesings!
”saidthey.--Theyexclaimed___.
A.howwellshesangB.howwellsingsC.howshesingswellD.howshesangwell
14.“Idon’thaveanymoneywithme.Doyou?
”heasked.--_______.
A.hesaidhedidn’thaveanymoneywithhimandaskedmeifIhad
B.hesaidhedon’thaveanymoneywithhimandIdo
C.hesaidhedidn’thaveanymoneywithhimandaskedmeifIdo
D.hesaidhedidn’thaveanymoneyandaskedme.
15.“Goodluck!
”Isaid.“Thanksyou,”saidshe.
A.Isaidgoodluckandthankyou.B.Shesaidgoodluckandthankyou
C.Iwishedhergoodluckandshethankedme.D.Iwishedhergoodluckandthankyou.
16.“Youtoldmesoyourself,”saidhe.--HesaidthatI___himso___.
A.told…yourselfB.hadtold…myselfC.told…yourselfD.told…myself
17.Isaidtothem,“I’mmoregratefulthanwordscanexpressforyourhelp.”
ItoldthemthatI___moregratefulthanwordscanexpressfor___help.
A.am…theirB.am…yourC.was…theirD.was…your
18.Hesaidthattheearth___aroundthesun.
A.goesB.wentC.wasgoingD.maygo
19.Hesaid,“Iwillhelpher.”--Hesaidthat___helpher.
A.IwillB.IwouldC.hewillD.hewould
20.Shesaid,“Notit’syourturn.”--Shesaidthat___it___myturn.
A.now…isB.now…wasC.then…isD.then…was
21.Heasked,“Haveyouseenhertoday?
”--Heaskedme___.
A.hadIseenhertodayB.hadIseenherthatday
C.ifIhadseenherthatdayD.ifIhadseenherthenextday
22.“Whoareyou?
”askedhe.--Heaskedme___.
A.whoamIB.whowasIC.whoIamD.whoIwas
23.Hesaidtohisson,“Goatonce.”--He___.
A.toldhissontogoatonceB.saidtohissongoatonce
C.askedhissonifhegoesatonceD.saidtohissonthathegoesatonce
24.___thatthereisanothergoodharvestthisyear.
A.ItsaysB.ItissaidC.ThisisD.Hewastold
25.Ican’ttell___
A.whichonemybrotherlikesbest?
B.whichonemybrotherlikesbest.
C.whichonedoesmybrotherlikebest?
D.whichonedoesmybrotherlikebest.
26.Shesaidthatshe___therefor2years.
A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.wasworkingD.worked
27.Hesaidthathe___us.
A.willhelpB.wouldhelpC.ishelpingD.helped
28.She___thatshelivesinLondon.
A.saidB.saysC.hadsaidD.wassaying
29.Canyoutellus___?
A.whothatmanisB.whoisthatmanC.whatisthatmanD.whomthatmanis
30.Ihadhoped__myletter.
A.hertoanswerB.thatsheanswerC.thatshewouldanswerD.heranswering
31.Thisfactoryisquitedifferentfrom___before.
A.whatitwasB.thatitwasC.whichitwasD.whatwasit
32.Nowwehavelearnt___.
A.whatisheatB.whetherheatisC.whenisheatD.whatheatis
33.Iwanttoleavemycar.Canyoutellme___nearhere?
A.ifthere’sacarparkB.isthere’sacarparkC.ifthere’saparkingD.ifthereareaparking
34.Heaskedmeif___.
A.thetrainwilllateB.thetrainalwaysarrivedlateC.thetrainarrivesontimeD.thetrainstopsthere
35.Iwonderhowmuch___.
A.costthesebooksB.doethesebookscostC.thesebookscostD.howmucharethesebookscost
36.Askhim___.
A.howoldheisB.howold
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