广东省深圳市届高三下学期第一次调研考试英语试题附答案.docx

广东省深圳市届高三下学期第一次调研考试英语试题附答案.docx

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广东省深圳市届高三下学期第一次调研考试英语试题附答案

深圳市2021届高三3月一模试题

英语

试卷共10页，卷面满分120分，折算成130分计入总分，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

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4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

TheTanzaniaConference

TheTanzaniaConferencewillbeheldinordertocreatedirectcommunicationbetweentheconservation（保护）workers.ItissponsoredbytheRuffordSmallGrants（RSG），agroupthatfundsnatureconservationprojectsacrossthedevelopingworld.

Thisconference,chairedbyHudsonLaizer,willbring49peoplefrom7countries.

TworoundsofExperienceSharingPresentationswillbeheld,eachconsistingof4speeches.

FeaturePresentations:

◆LucasKwiyega,Tanzania

HispresentationwillfocusonhissecondRSGprojectoftakingnewmeasurestopreventillegalkillingoflionsinWesternTanzania.

◆TutiloMudumba,Uganda

HewilltalkabouthowheusestheRSGtocollectanimaltrapsandmakesthesewiresintomarketablegoods.

◆DanielNiyonsaba,Rwanda

HewillsharehisthirdRSGresearchprojectfindingswhichfocusonwhytheelephantsaredyingoutinNationalParkofRwanda.

◆EvarastusObura,Kenya

Hewillpresenthisprojectentitled“Understandingthedeclineofthreatenedantelopes:

usingbarcoding（条形码）tomeasuretheimpactofdamagedwetland”.

1.Whatistheaimoftheconference?

A.Toraisemoney.B.Tosetupaproject.

C.Toconnectconservationists.D.Tolookforconservationists.

2.Howmanypresentationswillbeheld?

A.8.B.4.C.49.D.7.

3.Whowilltalkaboutthecausesoftheelephant'sextinction?

A.Mr.Kwiyega.B.Mr.Mudumba.

C.Mr.Niyonsaba.D.Mr.Obura.

B

OurschoolownedaboatnamedJolieBrise.ItwasoneofthemostfamoustallshipsintheworldandthreetimeswinneroftheFastnetRace.Theboatwasunusual:

especiallyforaremotegrammarschoolinWiltshire,aboutasfarawayfromtheseaasitcangetinEngland.Obviously,suchasitedidn'tmatchitsfame.

MrParishhadoriginallyintendedtojointheRoyalNavybutendedupasateacheratourschool.Somepupilsguessedthathestillfeltthecalloftheocean-perhapsbecausehislessonswerealmostentirelydevotedtonavigation（航海）.Theyarguedthatitwasdeeplyunfairtolearnaboutnavigationbutneveractuallygotosea.ThenMr.Parish,seeingabunchofyoungpeoplepreparedtocrewtheboat,allowedthemtosailherinrectumforworkingontheboat.Andthatwasthebeginningoftheschoolsailingclub.

BythetimeIarrived,thesailingclubhadgrown.Atweekends,wewouldworkonherallday,cleaningandpaintingher,andcollapseintosleepingbagsontheflooratnightThencamethebigdaywhenaschoolsailingtripwasannounced.ItsdestinationwasSaint-Malo.Butitalsomeantthatwehadtorefittheshipbyremovingeverypieceofballast（压舱物）andreplacingthebilgewater（底舱污水）beforewewereallowedtosail.

AndIdidlearntheropesonthatschooltrip.Ilearnedhowtooperateashipinthehighwaves.Ilearnedthemeaningofteamworkandbecameabetterteamplayer.Ialsolearnedthatthebestfishistheonethatyouhavecaughtandcookedyourselffromaboatthatyouhaverebuiltandsailedyourself.

4.WhatwasunusualabouttheboatJolieBrise?

A.Itwasinaperfectcondition.B.ItslawfulownerwasMr.Parish.

C.ItwongloryfortheRoyalNavy.D.Itslocationwasn'tasfamousasitwas.

5.Whywasthesailingclubsetup?

A.Thecrewwereselected.B.Theboatneededworkers.

C.Mr.Parishtriedtoexplorethesea.D.Studentsaskedtopracticenavigation.

6.Whatfinallymadetheschoolsailingtrippossible?

A.Theclub'spermission.B.Mr.Parish'ssailingexperience.

C.Thestudents'preparingtheshipforit.D.Theschool'sofferingfinancialsupport.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“learntheropes”inparagraph4mean?

A.Learntocook.B.Masterusefulskills.

C.Ensuresailingsafety.D.Useropesproperly.

C

Realfinancialsecurityandfreedomisnotinourjobbutinourpassion.It'seasytodeclineandevaluateamanbyhispursuit.JosephCampbelloncesaid,“Followyourdreamandtheuniversewillopendoorswherethereareonlywalls.”

Inlife,we'llalwaysbefounddoinganyofthesetwothings:

eithermakingalivingormakingadifference.Pensions（养老金）andsalariesstopmanyfrompursuingexcellencewhilepassionunlockshiddenpotentialsthatequipusforchallengesandopportunities.Ajobhelpsusmakealivingwhilepassionenablesustomakeadifference.

Iwanttosincerelyhelptoadjustandclarifythemisguidedbeliefamongworkersthatajobisameansoflivelihood.Rather,itshouldbeameanstofuelourpassion.Theearlieryourealizethisbasictruthoflife,themoreclearlyyou'llbeabletopositionyourselfinlivingalifeofimpactandvalue.

ThesuccessofKentuckyFriedChicken（KFC）showshowmeaningfulitistopursueyourpassioninsteadofyourpension.Itsfounder,ColonelHarlandSanders,didn'trealizethisuntilhewasgivenhisfirstsocialsecuritycheckof105dollars.Buthedecidedthattheresurelywassomethingtodoforhimselfandotherpeopleinsteadoflivingonthatsmallpension.Hewasdeterminedtoengagehimselfinwhatbroughthimimpactandvalue.Drawinginspirationfromhismother'sspecialrecipeforfriedchicken,heinvented“finger-licking”seasoningwitheleven

spicesandherbs.Despitemuchrejection,hemanagedtoroundupsomeinvestorsandpromotecompany'srapidexpansiontomorethan6,000locations.Sanders'lifepointedtowardstwofactsaboutmakingadifference:

one,thereisnoagethatistoooldtomakeadifference;two,thereisnothingtoosmallorinsignificanttomakeadifferencewith,aslongasitisyourpassion.

8.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargumentinparagraph2?

A.Bylistingexamples.B.Byshowingcontrast.

C.Byincludingaquote.D.Bysharinghisexperience.

9.HowdidSandersprobablyfeelwhenofferedhisfirstsocialsecuritycheck?

A.Deeplymoved.B.Pleasantlysurprised.

C.Greatlyrelieved.D.Internallymotivated.

10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedo?

A.Pursueourpassion.B.Getawell-paidjob.

C.Secureourposition.D.Getcareerguidance.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?

A.PassionorPension?

B.FollowingYourDreams

C.WorkingforPensionD.ToWorkornottoWork?

D

InastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligence,researchersatOhioStateUniversityshowhowartificialintelligence（Al）canfollowclinicaltrialstoidentifydrugsforrepurposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvanceinnovativetreatments.

Repurposingdrugsislegalandnotunusual.Whendoctorsprescribe（开处方）drugsthathavebeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）forpurposesdifferentfromwhatisprintedonthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused“off-label.”JustbecauseadrugisDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhavingpossiblebenefitsorotherpurposes.

Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisFDA-approvedfortreatingtype2diabetes,isalsousedtotreatPCOS（adiseaseofwomen）,andotherdiseases.Trazodone,ananti-depressantwithDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalsoprescribedbydoctorstohelptreatpatientswithsleepissues.

TheOhioStateUniversityresearchteamcreatedanAIdeeplearningmodelforpredictingtreatmentprobabilitywithpatientdataincludingthetreatment,outcomes,andpotentialfounders（干扰因素）.

Confoundersarerelatedtotheexposureandoutcome.Forexample,aconnectionisidentifiedbetweenmusicfestivalsandincreasesinskinrashes（红疹）.Musicfestivalsdonotdirectlycauseskinrashes.Inthiscase,onepossibleconfoundingfactorbetweenthetwomaybeoutdoorheat,asmusicfestivalstendtorunoutdoorswhenthetemperatureishigh,andheatisaknowncauseforrashes.Whenworkingwithreal-worlddata,confounderscouldnumberinthethousands.AIdeeplearningiswell-suitedtofindpatternsinthecomplexityofpotentiallythousandsofconfounders.

Theresearcherteamusedconfoundersincludingpopulationdataandco-prescribeddrugs.Withthisproof-of-concept,nowclinicianshaveapowerfulAltooltorapidlydiscovernewtreatmentsbyrepurposingexistingmedications.

12.Whatdoweknowaboutadrugusedoff-label?

A.Itissoldwithoutalabel.B.Itisavailableatalowprice.

C.Itsusesextendbeyondtheoriginalones.D.Itsclinicaltrialsarerejectedbydoctors.

13.MetforminandTrazodonearesimilarasbothofthem______.

A.areusedoff-labelB.treatrarediseases

C.resultinsleepissuesD.aremedicalbreakthroughs

14.Whatcanbeinferredabout“confounders”?

A.Theyarepossibletreatments.B.Theyareenvironmentalfactors.

C.Theycanbeeasilyrecognizedinreal-worlddata.D.Theyshouldbetakenintoseriousconsideration.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.AIexaminesbenefitsofexistingdrugs.B.AIidentifiesoff-labelusesfordrugs.

C.AIfindsnewdrugsforcommondiseases.D.AIprovesthepowerofdrugresearch.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

WhenIdecidedtoleavemyhomecountrytopursueadegreeinCanada,Ihadn'texpectedthatcommunicationwouldbeanissue.16ItookEnglishlessonsinmyteensandscored

wellonEnglishtests.

ButsoonaftermyarrivalinCanada,IrealizedhowwrongIwas.Inresearchdiscussions,surroundedbynativeEnglishspeakers,Ihadtobecareful.Ineededtoconsciouslyfolloweachconversationandtranslateittomynativelanguage17Finally