英语句子成分结构详解1English sentence structure 1.docx

英语句子成分结构详解1English sentence structure 1.docx

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英语句子成分结构详解1Englishsentencestructure1

英语句子成分结构详解1（Englishsentencestructure1）

AdetailedexplanationoftheconstituentelementsofEnglishsentences

I.AnalysisofthebasicstructureofEnglishsentences:

（1）subjectpredicateobjectstructure:

1,subject:

canbeusedassubjectcomponentnouns（suchasboy）,nominativepronouns（suchasyou）,numerals,infinitive,gerundetc..Thesubjectisusuallyatthebeginningofthesentence.Notethatthesingularformofanounisoftenseparatedfromthearticle!

Eg:

The,boy,comes,from,America.

Hemadeaspeech.

Two,and,two,is,four.

To,be,a,teacher,is,my,dream.

Doing,a,research,is,a,necessary,step,of,,covering,a,story.

2,predicate:

predicatebytheverb,istheEnglishtenseandvoicechangesprotagonist,usuallyinthesubjectafter.Thepredicatecanbeanintransitiveverb（VI.）

Object,formingsubjectpredicatestructure,

Eg:

Wecome.

Many,changes,took,place,in,my,home,town.

Note（thefollowingwordsareintransitiveverbs:

tablesoccur,appear,suchas:

take,place,appear,happen,break,out,table,come,go,suchas:

come,go,etc.）

3,theobjectaftertheobjectislocatedinthesamegeneraltransitiveverb,ofthesubject,theobjectiscomposedofdifferentpronounsmustbe"pronoun",suchas:

me,him,themetc..Inadditiontopronounasobject,noun,gerund,infinitivecando.

Eg:

I,will,do,it,tomorrow.

The,boy,needs,a,pen.

Ilikeswimming.

I,like,to,swim,this,afternoon.

（two）themaintablestructure:

1,subject:

samesubjectpredicateobjectstructure.

2,predicate:

Contactverb（Link,verb）,:

beverb（am,is,are,was,have,been）;otherrelatedverbs,suchas:

becomebecome,turnbecome,gochangeandsensoryverbs,suchas:

feel,touch,hear,see,were,etc..Itscharacteristicispredicativeverbsandnolinkverbobjectrelations,aspredicativeadjectivesoradverbs,whichmaynotbetheobject.

3,is:

status,nature,subjectetc..Theycanbeadjectives,adverbs,nouns,pronouns,infinitive,participles.

（1）whenthecontactverbisnot"be",then"noun"and"pronoun",itexpressesthemeaningof"changeto",andpaysattentiontothedifferencebetween"verbobject"and"verbobject".

Eg:

He,became,a,teacher,at,last.

Hisfaceturnedred.

（2）sensoryverbscanbeusedasassociatedverbs

Eg:

Helookswell.helooksgood.

Itsoundsnice.,thatsoundsgood.

I,feel,good.,Ifeelgood.

The,egg,smells,bad.,thiseggsmellsbad.

Forexample:

Tomisaboy.（Tomisaboy）subjectisTom,forthebecopula,thethirdpersonsingularoftheverbis,aboy.

（three）Therebestructure:

Therebemeans'thereis'.Thetherehereisofnopracticalsignificance,andmustnotbeconfusedwiththeadverb`there'.

Thisstructurefollowsnounstoindicate'（being）havingsomething'

Compare:

There,is,a,boy,there.（thereisaboythere）Theformertherehasnomeaning,andthelatterthereistheadverb'where?

'.

Two,attributive

Anattributiveisaword,phrase,orsentencethatmodifiesormodifiesanounorpronoun,commonlyusedinchinese......Express.

Theattributiveisusuallylocatedbeforethemodifiedingredient.Ifmodifiedsome,any,everyandnoconstitutecompoundindefinitepronouns,suchas（something,nothing）,orinfinitive,participlephraseasattributive,clauseasattribute,thenattributiveisusuallyputback.Whenusedasanattribute,anadverbmustbeplacedbehindthenoun.

（1）anadjectiveisusedasanattribute:

Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.,thelittleboyneedsabluepen.

（two）anumeralisusedasanattribute,equivalenttoanadjective:

Twoboysneedtwopens.twoboysneedtwopens.

（three）possessiveadjectiveornoungenitiveattributive:

HisboyneedsTom'spen.hisboyneedsTom'spen.

There,are,two,boys,of,Toms,there.,therearetwoboysfromTom'sfamily.

（four）prepositionalphrasesareusedasattributes:

Theboyintheyours.classroomneedsapenof,theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.

The,boy,in,blue,is,Tom.,thechildinbluedressisTom.

There,are,two,boys,of9,andthreeof10.,therearetwo9yearold,three10yearoldboy.

（five）nounsareusedasattributes:

The,boy,needs,a,ball,pen.,theboyneedsaballpointpen.

Adverbasattributive:

Theboythereneedsapen.,theboythereneedsapen.

Infinitiveasattribute:

Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen..Theboywhowrotethisletterneedsapen.

（six）participle（phrase）asanattribute:

Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.thesmilingboyneedsapenhismotherbought.

（seven）attributiveclause:

Theboywhoisreadingneedsapen.theboywhoisreadingneedsapen.

Three,adverbial

Adverbialmodifierverbs,adjectives,adverbs,orthewholesentence,indicatingtheway,causeandeffect,condition,time,place,concession,direction,degree,purpose,etc.

Veryflexibleadv