高考英语经典阅读解析版5.docx

高考英语经典阅读解析版5.docx

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高考英语经典阅读解析版5

2013高考英语精选备考题库系列（含详解）

阅读理解（五）

LONDON（Reuters）—Quietplease—Britain’sQueenElizabethispreparingtohaveherswanscounted.

BuckinghamPalacehasannouncedthattheannualSwanUpping,atraditiondatingbacktothe12thcenturywhichinvolvesacensusoftheswanpopulationontheRiverThames,willbeconductedbytheQueen’sofficialSwanMarkerfromJuly2024.

“WiththeassistanceoftheQueen’sSwanWarden,ProfessorChristopherPerrinsoftheUniversityofOxford,theswansandyoungcygnets（小天鹅）arealsoassessedforanysignsofinjuryordisease，”BuckinghamPalacesaidinannouncingthecount.

TheprocessinvolvestheSwanMarker,DavidBarber,rowinguptheThamesforfivedayswiththeSwanWardenintraditionalskiffswhilewearingspecialscarletuniformsandcounting,weighingandmeasuringswansandcygnets.

Itmayseemeccentric,butitisveryimportanttotheQueen,Accordingtocustom,Britain’ssovereignownsallunmarked,muteswansinopenwater,buttheQueennowexercisestherightonlyonstretchesoftheThamesanditsnearbytributaries.

Inmedievaltimes,theSwanMarkerwouldnotonlytraveluptherivercountingtheswans,butwouldcatchasmanyaspossibleastheyweresoughtafterforbanquetsandfeasts.

Thisyear,theSwanMarkerandtheSwanWardenareparticularlykeentodiscoverhowmuchdamageisbeingcausedtoswansandcygnetsbyattacksfromdogsandfromdiscardedfishingtackle（渔具）．

ItisalsoanimportantyearbecauseQueenElizabethhasdecidedtojoinherteamofSwanUppersforpartofthecensus.Shewillfollowthemuptheriverandvisitalocalschoolprojectonthewholesubjectofswans,cygnetsandtheThames.

“EducationandconservationareessentialtotheroleofSwanUppingandtheinvolvementofschoolchildrenisalwaysarewardingexperience，”BuckinghamPalacesaid.

[语篇解读]　泰晤士河上每年都要举行一个重要的活动：

数天鹅。

英国皇室的这一传统已经延续了好几个世纪。

1.Inmedievaltimes，________.

A.swanswerebetterprotectedthannow

B.alotofswanswerekilledbydogs

C.swanswereadeliciousdishonroyalbanquets

D.commonpeoplecouldcatchtheswans

[解析]　细节理解题。

从文章倒数第四段可知，在中世纪天鹅被捉住，然后成为皇家宴会上的美味。

[答案]　C

2．Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheprocessofcountingtheswans________.

A.remainsalmostunchangedinthepastyears

B.involvesalotofroyalmembers

C.sometimeslastslongerthanbefore

D.isalwaysguardedbyspecialsoldiers

[解析]　推理判断题。

从文章第四段对数天鹅过程的描述以及参与清点的官员的穿着打扮可知，其过程几乎没有变化，因为这是一项传统活动。

[答案]　A

3．Thisyear,theSwanMarkerandtheSwanWardenmainlywanttofindout________.

A.theexactnumberofswansandcygnets

B.howalocalschoolprojectisgoingon

C.howmuchdamagetheswansandcygnetssuffer

D.howeducationandconservationarecarriedoutalongtheThames

[解析]　细节理解题。

从文章倒数第三段内容可知答案为C。

[答案]　C

4．Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Britain’sQueenisconcernedaboutswans.

B.Britain’sQueenordersacountofswans.

C.AnoldtraditioninBuckinghamPalace.

D.QueenElizabethwillcountswansherself.

[解析]　主旨大意题。

文章第一段是本文的主题段，英国女王下令清点泰晤士河上的天鹅的数量。

[答案]　B

5．Theunderlinedword“tributaries”canbebestreplacedby________.

A.districtsB.banks

C.treesD.branches

[解析]　词义理解题。

根据语境和常识可知，此处是指在泰晤士河及其支流上生活的天鹅。

故答案为D。

[答案]　D

[长难句解读]　Inmedievaltimes,theSwanMarkerwouldnotonlytraveluptherivercountingtheswans,butwouldcatchasmanyaspossibleastheyweresoughtafterforbanquetsandfeasts.在中世纪，负责清点天鹅的人不仅沿河清点天鹅的数量，还会尽可能多地捕捉一些，因为天鹅当时是宴会桌上的美餐。

本句是一个并列句，notonly...but（also）．..引导并列句，后面的as引导原因状语从句。

Happinessiscontagious,_researchersreportedonThursday.

Peoplewiththemostsocialconnections—spouses,friends,neighborsandrelatives—werealsothehappiest,thedatashowed.“Eachadditionalhappypersonmakesyouhappier，”Christakissaid.

“ImaginethatIamconnectedtoyouandyouareconnectedtoothersandothersareconnectedtostillothers.Itisthisfabricofhumanity,likeanAmericanpatchquilt.”

Eachpersonsitsonadifferentcoloredpatch.“Imaginethatthesepatchesarehappyandunhappypatches.Yourhappinessdependsonwhatisgoingoninthepatcharoundyou，”Christakissaid.

“Itisnotjusthappypeopleconnectingwithhappypeople,whichtheydo.Aboveandbeyond,thereisthiscontagiousprocessgoingon.”

Andhappinessismorecontagiousthanunhappiness,theydiscovered.

“Ifasocialcontactishappy,itincreasesthelikelihoodthatyouarehappyby15percent，”Fowlersaid.“Afriendofafriend,orthefriendofaspouseorasibling（兄弟姐妹）,iftheyarehappy,increasesyourchancesby10percent，”headded.

Ahappythirddegreefriend—thefriendofafriendofafriend—increasesaperson’schancesofbeinghappyby6percent.

“Buteveryextraunhappyfriendincreasesthelikelihoodthatyou’llbeunhappyby7percent，”Fowlersaid.

Thefindingisinterestinganditisuseful,too,Fowlersaid.

“Amongotherbenefits,happinesshasbeenshowntohaveanimportanteffectonreducedmortality（死亡率）,painreduction,andimprovedcardiac（心脏的）function.Sobetterunderstandingofhowhappinessspreadscanhelpuslearnhowtopromoteahealthiersociety，”hesaid.

Thestudyalsofitsinwithotherdatasuggestedin1984thathaving$5,000extraincreasedaperson’schancesofbecominghappierbyabout2percent.

“Ahappyfriendisworthabout$20,000，”Christakissaid.

[语篇解读]　美国科学家的一项最新研究成果表明，快乐感可以互相传递。

这项研究成果为我们构建更为健康、和谐的社会提供了依据和方法。

1．Accordingtotheresearch,yourhappiness________.

A.hasnothingtodowithyourworkmatesorschoolmates

B.hassomethingtodowithanyonewhohasacloserelationshipwithyou

C.dependsonthosewhoareinfavourofyouorareagainstyou

D.haslittletodowithwhatsocialconnectionsyouhave

[解析]　推理判断题。

根据第二段、第三段内容可知，快乐感会不断传递和扩散，你的配偶、朋友、邻居、亲戚等的快乐指数会直接影响你的快乐程度，故选B。

[答案]　B

2．Theunderlinedword“contagious”inthefirstparagraphmeans________.

A.infectiousB.beautiful

C.effectiveD.prior

[解析]　词义猜测题。

第一句是全文的主题句。

由文章第二、三、四段可知，快乐感可以在人们之间传播，故contagious的意思是“有感染力的，有传染性的”。

[答案]　A

3．Itcanbeinferredthat________.

A.happinessspreadsasfastandwidelyasunhappiness

B.unhappinessspreadsfasterandmorewidelythanhappiness

C.happinessspreadsfasterandmorewidelythanunhappiness

D.thespreadofunhappinesshasnotbeenstudiedbyresearchers

[解析]　推理判断题。

根据第六段“Andhappinessismorecontagiousthanunhappiness，theydiscovered.”一句可推知选C。

[答案]　C

4．Whichofthefollowingwillincreaseyourchancesofbecominghappiermost?

A.Beinginapartywithahappyatmosphere.

B.Ahappyexperienceofyourbrotheroryourparents.

C.Ahappytriptoaforeigncountryofyourfriends.

D.Happinessofyourfriend’sfriend.

[解析]　事实细节题。

根据第七、第八段讲述的别人的快乐感对你的影响几率可知，排在最前的是“Ifasocialcontactishappy”，故选A。

[答案]　A

5．WhatdoesChristakismeanbysaying“Ahappyfriendisworthabout$20,000”?

A.Ahappyfriendcanhelpyoubringinawealthof$20,000.

B.Ahappyfriendisawealthwhichisworthabout$20,000.

C.Ahappyfriendincreasesyourchancesofbeinghappyby2%.

D.Ahappyfriendincreasesyourchancesofbeinghappyby8%.

[解析]　句意理解题。

结合上一段中的“thathaving$5,000extraincreasedaperson’schancesofbecominghappierbyabout2percent”可知，一个快乐的朋友带给你的快乐相当于大约$20,000带给你的快乐，也就是$5,000的四倍，即一个快乐的朋友给你带来快乐的几率为8%，故选D。

[答案]　D

[长难句解读]　Thestudyalsofitsinwithotherdatasuggestedin1984thathaving$5,000extraincreasedaperson’schancesofbecominghappierbyabout2percent.

该句为主从复合句，主句为Thestudyalsofitsinwithotherdata，suggestedin1984为过去分词作定语修饰data，后面that引导的是同位语从句，说明data的内容。

该从句的主语为having$5,000extra，aperson’schances为宾语，ofbecominghappier为定语修饰chances，byabout2percent为程度状语。

TheParthenoninAthensisabuildingwithalongandcomplexhistory.Builtnearly2,500yearsagoasatemplecelebratingtheGreekgoddessAthena,itwasforthousandsofyearsthechurchoftheVirginMaryoftheAthenians,thenamosque（清真寺）,andfinallyaruin.Thebuildingwaschangedandthesculpturesmuchdamagedoverthecenturies.By1800onlyabouthalfoftheoriginalsculpturaldecorationremained.

Between1801and1805,LordElgin,theBritishambassadortotheOttomanEmpire,whichcontrolledAthens,actingwiththefullknowledgeandpermissionoftheOttomanauthorities，removedabouthalfoftheremainingsculpturesfromthefallenruinsandfromthebuildingitself.LordElginlovedGreekhistoryandtransportedthesculpturesbacktoBritain.ThearrivalofthesculpturesinLondonhadahugeeffectontheEuropeanpublic,greatlyincreasinginterestinancientGreekcultureandinfluencingcontemporaryartistictrends.ThesesculptureswereacquiredfromLordElginbytheBritishMuseumin1816andsincethentheyhaveallbeenondisplaytothepublic,freeofcharge.

Sincetheearly1980s,however,theGreekgovernmenthasarguedforthepermanentremovaltoAthensofalltheParthenonsculpturesintheBritishMuseum.TheyhavealsochallengedtheBritishMuseumBoardofTrustees’legaltitletothesculptures.

TheBritishMuseum,however,insiststhatitexiststotellthestoryofculturalachievementthroughouttheworld,fromthedawnofhumanhistoryovertwomillionyearsagountilthepresentday.Themuseumconsidersitselfanimportantresourcefortheworld:

thebreadthanddepthofitscollectionallowstheworldpublictoreexamineculturalidentitiesandexplorethecomplexnetworkofinterconnectedworldcultures.

Italsosaysthat,withinthecontextofthisunparalleledcollection,theParthenonsculpturesareanimportantrepresentationofancientAtheniancivilization.EachyearmillionsofvisitorsadmiretheartistryofthesculpturesandgaininsightsonhowancientGreeceinfluenced—andwasinfluencedby—theothercivilizationsthatitencountered.

1.FormostofitshistorypeoplewenttothePart