《名利场》中的女性婚姻价值观分析.docx

《名利场》中的女性婚姻价值观分析.docx

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《名利场》中的女性婚姻价值观分析

Contents

Introduction2

1.BriefintroductionofVanityFair3

1.1VanityFair3

1.2W.M.Thackary’sLifeandWorks4

2.AnalysisoftheDifferentViewpointsonMarriageandFamily-Rebecca,AmeliaandMissCrawley6

2.1DifferentBackgrounds-UnderClass,MiddleClassandtheUpperClass6

2.2DifferentAttitudesuponMarriageandFamily,Rebeccavs.Ameliavs.MissCrawley7

3.AContrastbetweenRebeccaandAmelia11

3.1AContrastofDifferentAttitudesuponLifebetweenRebeccaandAmelia11

3.2TheContrastofTheirDifferentFate12

3.3TheFailureofTheirMarriage13

4.Self-valueandMarriageofWomen14

4.1Self-value14

4.2TheRelationshipBetweenSelf-valueandMarriageofWomen15

Conclusion17

Reference18

论文独创性声明19

论文使用授权声明19

Introduction

VictoriantimeisanerathatBritishfeelproudofbutitisnotinthecaseoffemalebecausethesexualdiscriminationprevailsinthewholesociety（HuangZhenyuan,2010:

190）.Thestoryhappenedintheearly19thcenturyinEngland.Moreover,theauthorsaidthatitwasanovelwithoutheroesbuttwofemalecharacters,RebeccaSharpandAmeliaShedly.Becky,nurturedbytheunderclass,atypicalrepresentoffemaleadventurerinthecapitalismsocietyinthe19thcentury,hadreceivedhighereducation,whichhadresultedherpersonalitydistortedforthediscriminationsshehadgotwasfarmorethantheknowledge.Shewasverycalculatingandhypocritical,andusedallthemeanstosurvive.Allsheaskedforwasfamewealthandherdesire.Shewasevilbutwasalmostsuccessful,astheresultofthedualeffectoferaandsociety.However,shewasfinallyreducedtothebottomofthesocietyaftershehaddivorcedwithRawdonCrawley.Whileanotherfemalecharacter,completelycontrarytoBecky,Ameliawasaninnocentgirl,kind,gentle,pureandnoble.Borninamiddle-classfamily,sheaspiredtheidealloveandtenderlylovedherfiancé,GeorgeOsborne,whowasinfactaplayboy,thoughagainsthisfather’swill,hegotmarriedwithher.Nevertheless,Amelialovedhimsomuch,whichalmostbecametheonlymeaningofherlifethatevenafterhisdeathshewasstillveryloyaltohimanddevotedalottohisson.ThusshedidnotaccepttheloveofWilliamDobbinuntilBeckytoldherthetruththatOsbornehadalreadybetrayedher.Shewaspathetic,poorbutalsohappyforsheeventuallyhadanicehusbandandafamily.Therefore,theanalysisoftheirpersonalitiesandattitudestomarriageandlovewillhelpustoknowtheessenceofloveandmarriage,therecognitionofwomen’sself-valueandtherelationshipbetweentheirself-valueandmarriage.

1.BriefintroductionofVanityFair

Inthischapter,theauthorwillshowsomebasicbackgroundsofthenovelVanityFairandabriefintroductionofthenovelist,whichwillhelptounderstandthewholepaper.

1.1VanityFair

VanityFair:

ANovelwithoutaHero isanovelbyEnglishauthor WilliamMakepeaceThackeray,firstpublishedin1847–48, satirizing societyinearly19th-centuryBritain.ThestorybeganinMissPinkerton’sAcademy,whereBeckySharpandAmeliaShedlyhadjustfinishedtheirstudiesandleftforAmelia’shouse.“Beckyisportrayedasastrong-willedandcunningyoungwomandeterminedtomakeherwayinsociety,andAmeliaSedleyasagood-natured,lovablethoughsimple-mindedyounggirl.”（Wikipedia,2013）.AtRussellSquare,RebeccawasintroducedtoAmelia’sbrotherJosephSedly,aclumsyandrichcivilservantfromEastIndiaCompany.Wantingtomarryhim,shetriedallthemeanstoattracthimbutfinallyfailedforthesuggestionsofGeorgeOsborne,Amelia’sfinance.ThenRebeccaleftSedly’sfamilyandwenttoQueen’sCrawleyforshehadbeenengagedasagovernessofSirPittCrawley’sdaughters.ShedidsuchanoutstandingjobatSirPitt’shousethatheproposedmarriagetoherafterthedeathofhissecondwife.However,shehadalreadysecretlygotmarriedwithhissecondson,RawdonCrawley.MissCrawley,asSirPitt’shalfeldersister,wasaveryrichspinsterforherheritagesfromhermother.AlthoughshedidloveheryoungernephewandRebeccasomuchbutshefinallychangedherwillthatRawdonwasdeprivedfromtheheiraftershegottoknowthatRebeccahadasecretmarriagewithRawdon.Ontheotherhand,therelationshipbetweentheSedly’sandtheOsborne’sdisintegratedaftertheoldSedlywasbankrupted.Eventheirmarriagebecameforbidden.Nevertheless,atthesuggestionsofhisfriendDobbin,Georgewasultimatelyagainsthisfather’swillandmarriedAmelia.Atthattime,theNapoleonicWarshadbrokeout,GeorgeandDobbinmetBeckyandCaptainCrawleyatBrightonbeforetheyhadbeendeployedtoBrussels.AttheballofBrussels,GeorgegaveBeckyanoteinvitinghertorunwithhim,sincehehadalreadybeenboredwithAmelia.Afterthen,George,CaptainCrawleyandDobbinhadbeensenttoWaterloo.However,thesadnewswasthatCaptainCrawleysurvivedwhileGeorgeOsbornediedinthebattle.AmeliahadasonalsonamedGeorge.ShelivedinpovertywithherparentsandDobbinalwayshelpedhertoexpresshisloveforher.SheistoomuchinlovewithGeorge'smemorytoreturnDobbin'saffections.（Wikipedia,2013）.Thus,DobbinhadbeentoIndiaforyears.Meanwhile,Beckyalsohadason,namedafterhisfather.However,notlikeAmelia,whoregardedhimasthewholeworldofhersincethedepartureofherhusband,Rebeccawassocoldtohersonthathewasveryafraidofhismother.RebeccaandRawdonseemedtobefinanciallysuccessful,butalloftheirwealthwasjustlikesmokefortheyalmostlivedoncredits.Theyborrowedeverythingbutneverpaidbills,andcheatedeveryonearound,evendressmakers.Whatisworse,atthesummitofhersuccess,Becky'specuniaryrelationshipwiththerichandpowerfulMarquisofSteyneisdiscoveredafterRawdonisarrestedfordebt.（Wikipedia,2013）Becky,thenhadlostbothhusbandandcredibility,waswarnedbySteynetoleaveBritain.

AslittleGeorgegrewup,AmeliaknewthatoldOsbornewouldgiveGeorgeabetterfutureandagreedhimtookhersonawayfromher.ThenafterthedeathofoldOsborne,bothAmeliaandlittleGeorgehadinheritedalargesumofmoneyfromhim.ThenAmelia,Dobbin,JosephandGeorgewentonatriptoGemmy,wheretheyhadmetthedestituteRebecca.ShehadfinallyshowedAmeliathenotethatGeorgehadgivenher,askinghertorunawaywithher,whichhadcompletelydestroyedheridealizedimageofherhusband,andthenshesentanotetoDobbintoshowherlove.AndRebeccabenefitedalotfromJoseph’sobsessionofherafterhisdeath,andshereallygotafortune.

1.2W.M.Thackary’sLifeandWorks

Thackeray（18July1811–24December1863）wasanEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Hewasfamousforhis satirical works,particularly VanityFair,apanoramicportraitofEnglishsociety.（Wikipedia,2013）.Hewasbornin Calcutta India,wherehisfather,RichmondThackeraywasthesecretarytotheboardofrevenueintheBritish EastIndiaCompany.However,hisfatherwasdeadwhenhewasonlyfourandhehadinheritedalargesumofmoneyfromfather.HewassenttoBritainforeducationwhenhewassixandthenenteredtheCharterhousefiveyearslater.In1929,hegraduatedfromthereandthenwenttotheTrinityCollege,Cambridge.HewasnotinterestedintheeducationatthattimesothatheleftforWeimarinGermanyforbothtravellingandlearningwherehemet Goethebeforehehadfinishedhisstudyatschool.ThoughhethenreturnedtoEnglandandstartedtostudylaw,hesoongaveupit.In1833,hefinallygothisinheritancebuthewastedmostofitongamblingandbyfundingtwounsuccessfulnewspapers, TheNationalStandard and TheConstitutional.Moreover,afterthefailureofartpursuitinParis,heagainwentbacktoEnglandanddecidedtomakealivingbywritingfornewspapers.Thackeray'syearsofsemi-idlenessendedafterhemarried（20August1836）IsabellaGethinShawe（1816–1893）,seconddaughterofIsabellaCreaghShaweandMatthewShawe,acolonel,whohaddiedafterextraordinaryservice,primarilyinIndia.（Wikipedia,2013）.Isabellahadgivenbirthtothreegirlsbutfouryearsafterthebirthofthethirdgirl,shegotaseriousillnessuntilshedied.Thackeraybegantopublishmanyofhisworksandseveralcollectionsonnewspaperssince1833,buttillthebirthofnovelVanityFair,hewaseventuallyrecognizedasatalentednovelist.Tosupportthelifeoffamily,hehadneverstoppedwritingandpublishingworksandmeanwhilehegavelecturesinbothEnglandandAmerica.In1857,hebecamethefirstchiefeditorofnewlyestablished CornhillMagazine,buthishealthgotworseduringthe1850sandunexpectedlydiedforstrokebeforetheChristmasDayinLondonin1863.

TheearlierworksofThackerayarevividandvarious.Somearecriticizingtheliarsandadventurersinupperclass,andsomeareironicofthosewriteswhoexaggeratedcrimes.ThemainworksareTheYellowplushCorrespondence（1838）,Catherine（1840）,TheGreatHoggartyDiamond（1841）,andTheLuckofBarryLyndon（1844）.Moreover,theimportantworksareTheHistoryofPendenis（1848-1850）,TheHistoryofHenryEsmond（1852）,TheNewComers（1853-1855）,andTheVirginians（1857-1859）.HislastworkisDenisDuvalwhichhehadonlyfinishedeightchaptersofandfinallyhadbeenpublishedontheCornhillMagazinein1864.What’smore,ThackerayhadalsopublishedsomeessaysandTheBookofSnobs（1847）isthemostfamousonethatisaportraitofthesnobsfromallthelayersofEngland.Moreover,themostoutstandingliteraturecommentisTheEnglishHumorists（1853）.AndThackeraywasaproductivewrite,havingleftusagreatdealofgreatworks.

VanityFair,anovelwithoutahero,hasamainlineoftwo