现在分词短语作状语.docx

现在分词短语作状语.docx

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现在分词短语作状语

现在分词短语作状语

Unit2BookThree

SectionAIronandtheEffectsofExercise

TeachingObjectives

Afterlearningthisunit,Ssaresupposedtobeableto

●understandtheimportanceofironandtheeffectsofexercise.

●findoutwaystohaveirondeficienciesandwaystoremedyirondeficiencies.

●graspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetextsinSectionAandB.

●learntowriteaparagraphofcauseandeffect.

●improvetheirreadingskill----distinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.

●conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivities.

TimeAllotment

1stand2ndperiod------Pre-readingActivites

3rdand4thperiod------While-readingActivites

5thand6thperiod-----Post-readingActivitesandSectionB

7thand8thperiod------ListeningandSpeaking

TeachingContents

I.ImportantPoints

A.Keywordsandphrases:

SectionA:

moderate,consume,respectively,restrict,sufficient,indicate,advisable,modify,derive,interfere,remedy,takein,tipovertheedge,throwup,sumup,

SectionB:

succession,imply,proposal,inference,corresponding,speculate,neglect,revise,tackle,alike,comment,beneficial,incontrast,applyto,engageoneselfin,focuson,pointto

B.KeySentencePatterns

1）  Beardandotherexpertssayit’sadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.

2）Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregone,youcanremedythedeficiencybeforeitreallybecomesaproblem.

II.DifficultPoints

1.Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomen,affectingoneinfourfemaleteenagersandoneinfivewomenaged18to45,respectively.

现在分词短语作状语,使用该结构时，应注意：

1）分词的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致。

2）分词有时也可有自己独立的逻辑主语，这时分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种结构称为独立结构。

3）现在分词在意思上与逻辑主语是主动关系，而过去分词与逻辑主语则为被动关系。

2.Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times.

独立结构的形式有：

1）名词（或主格代词）+动词的非谓语形式；2）名词（或主格代词）+形容词；3）名词（或主格代词）+介词短语；4）名词（或主格代词）+副词；5）名词（或主格代词）+名词；6）用with引导的独立结构；7）用without,like,on引导的独立结构。

独立结构在句中可作状语、定语或主语。

TeachingProcedures

I.Pre-readingActivities

A.Warm-upactivities

a）Workinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestionstolearnaboutthestudents’understandingofirondeficiency

1）Doyoulikesports?

2）Whatdoyouusuallyeatordrinkafterdoingexercise?

3）Doyoufeeltiredafterdoingexercise?

4）Doyouthinksportsarealwaysgoodtopeople’shealthnomatterhowmuchtheydoitorwhentheydoit?

5）Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytohelpwomengainironintheirblood?

6）Doyouthinkmenalsohavethesameproblemofirondeficiency?

b）Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.

1）Whydowomenoftennothaveenoughironintheirbodies?

2）Ifironlevelsarelow,whatproblemscanwomenexperience?

3）Whatcanyoueattogetironandwhatdisadvantagescanthesesupplementssometimeshave?

Fromourdiscussions,differentconclusionscanbedrawnasfollows:

1）Sportsarealwaysbeneficialtopeople’shealth.Peopleofdifferentagesusuallydosomeexercisetobuilduptheirbodies.Somechoosetorunslowlyontheplayground,someclimbmountains,someplayallkindsofballgames,andsomeoldpeopleonlywalkslowly.Nomatterwhattheydo,theyfeelmerry-heartedandstrongafterwards.

2）However,ifpeople,speciallytheold,taketoomuchexerciseatsomecertaintime,forinstance,tooearlyinthemorningortoolateatnight,theyfeelexhaustedandunabletosleepwell.Theyevendon’thaveaverygoodappetiteforanythingthenextday.Someyoungpeopleevenhavetogotoseeadoctoraftertoomuchexercisebeyondtheirexpectationandstayawayfromschoolforsometimefollowingthedoctor’sadvice.

3）It’snecessarytohelppeoplegettoknowthatmoderateexerciseiswhattheyreallyneedandthatit’simportanttosupplementironandothermaterialspeopleneedafterdoingexercise.

Thusleadintothetextbysaying:

Althoughsportsarenecessaryandimportantforpeople’shealth,whatpeopleneedismoderateexercise.Besides,itisimportantforpeopletoremedyirondeficiencybyeatingsomethingrichinironorsomeironsupplements.

B.Backgroundinformation

1）digestivesystem:

Thedigestivesystemisaseriesofholloworgansjoinedinalong,twistingtubefromthemouthtotheanus.Insidethistubeisaliningcalledthemucosa.Inthemouth,stomach,andsmallintestine,themucosacontainstinyglandsthatproducejuicestohelpdigestfood.

2）Medicine&ScienceinSports&Exercise

Itisamultidisciplinaryjournalfeaturingoriginalinvestigations,clinicalstudies,andcomprehensivereviewsoncurrenttopicsinsportsmedicineandexercisescience.Withthismultidisciplinaryjournal,exercisephysiologists,physiatrists,physicaltherapists,teamphysiciansandathletictrainersgetavitalexchangeofinformationfrombasicandappliedscience,medicine,education,andalliedhealthfields.

C.KeyWordsandTheirCollocations

1.asuccessionof:

aseriesoforanumberofpersonsorthingsfollowingoneaftertheother;

theactoffollowingoneaftertheother

___Hetookasuccessionofjobsfromwhichhegainedalotofexperience.

___Ourschoolhaswonthespeechcontestforthe3rdyearinsuccession.

cf.succeedv.succeedindoingsth.

___Throughmanyyears’ofhardwork,hefinallysucceededinbecomingawriterashehadexpected.

cf.successn.

___attainsuccess;achievesuccess

2.bounceback:

returntothenormalandhealthystateoffeelingoractivity

___WelosttwoorthreegamesintheWorldCup,butwebouncedback.

___Heisyoungenoughtobouncebackfromthisdisappointment.

3.ratio：

n.afigureshowingthenumberoftimesonequantitycontainsanother

___Theratioof10to5is2to1.

___Theadulttochildratiois1to6.

4.upto:

asfaras;toandincluding

___Upto10mencansleepinthistent.

___Everyoneworks,fromtheboywhosweepstheflooruptothepresident.

cf.downto

___Everyoneworks,fromthePresidentdowntotheboywhosweepsthefloor.

5.takein:

allowair,drinkorfoodtoenterone’sbody,usu.Bybreathingorswallowing

___Thewoundedsoliderwassoweakthathecouldhardlytakeinevenliquid.

___Shelistenedsoattentivelytoherteacher,takingineverywordhesaidandaskingquestionsfromtimetotime.

6.atrisk:

indanger

___Thediseaseisspreading,andallchildrenunderfiveareatrisk.

___Upto2,000jobsarestillatrisk.

7.liable：

1）likely,esp.fromhabitortendency

___Heisliabletoshoutwhenangry.

___Heisnotthemanwhoisliabletoharmhimself.

2）oftensuffering（from）

___Shewillnotgrowintoawomanparticularlyliabletodepression.

___Theboyisliabletobadcolds.

8.tip（sb.）overtheedge:

bringaboutanoticeablechange;（causeto）developintoanother

status

___Becauseofnotbeingabletocopewitheverydaylifetheyweretippedovertheedgeintobreakdown.

9.throwup:

vomit;besick

___Thechildhasthrownupherdinneragain.

___Janecan’tcome;shehasbeenthrowingupallmorning.

10.derivefrom:

obtainfrom;comefrom

___Heisoneofthosepeoplewhocanderivepleasurefromhelpingothers.

___Thesearedefensivebehaviorpatternswhichderivefromoursubconsciousfears.

11.interferewith:

preventfromworkingorhappening;causedamageto

___Youmustn’tallowyourfamilydutiestointerferewithyourwork.

___Thisnoiseinterferedwithmywork.

cf:

interferein:

meddlein;concernoneselfwithandusu.Takeunwantedactionaboutsomeoneelse’sbusiness

tointerfereinsth.istotakepartinitwithoutbeingwanted,buttointerferewithsth.istopreventitfromhappening.前者指别人未请而自己主动参与，后者指阻碍事情发生。

___Don’tinterfereinmattersthatdon’tconcernyou.

___Ineverinterfereinhisaffairs.

12.sumup:

givethemainideaofsth.writtenorspoken;makeatotaloaanamount

___Youhaveonly100wordsinwhichtosumuphisspeech.

___Yourmarkssumupto87.

___Tosumup,theenvironmentalprotectionshouldcallformoreofourconcern.

II.While-readingActivities

1.TextStudy

A.Fastreadingandtrytograspthemainideaoftext

Themainideaofeachpart:

 Centraltopic:

Exercise,evenmoderateexercise,mayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.

     _________________________________________________________

   Sportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.

                    Para.1

   Anewstudyshowsthatinactivewomenwhostartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceofironloss.

                        Para.2

   Thenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels.

                      Para.3

    Paras.1-3

    Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomen:

Oneinfourfemaleteenagers;oneinfivewomenaged18to45;theratioisevengreateramongactivewomen:

about80percentoffemaleenduranceathletes

   Fourcauses:

Toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein;women’smonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss;manywomenincreasetheirriskofironlossbyrejectingredmeat;womenareliabletoexperienceadeficiencyasaresultofrestrictingtheirdietinweightcontrol.

  Para 4

                            _____________________________________

   Onespecificcause:

Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceforironandanyadditionalironlossfromexerc