英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit 7 A Kaleidoscope of Culture听力原文.docx

英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit 7 A Kaleidoscope of Culture听力原文.docx

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英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit7AKaleidoscopeofCulture听力原文

Unit7AKaleidoscopeofCulture

PartIGettingready

MewYorkisoneofthemostimportantcitiesintheworld.Itisnotonlyacenterforbusiness,butalsoacenterformusicandart.Ithasmanyfamousbuildingsandplacesofinterest.Andit,too,hasjotitsnickname.Whatisit?

Audioscript：

A：

Areyoureadyforthetriptothemuseumin"theBigApple"?

Icanhardlywait.

B：

"TheBigApple"?

Whatareyoutalkingabout?

A：

"TheBigApple"isthenicknameforNewYorkCity.YouaregoingtoNewYorkwithus,aren'tyou?

B：

Yes,I'mgoing.I'mespeciallylookingforwardtoseeingtheMuseumofModernArt.There'saspecialshowof20thcenturyAmericanpaintersthere.But,tellme,wheredidthenickname"theBigApple"comefrom?

A：

Thejazzmusiciansofthe1920sareresponsibleforthename.Whentheyplayedaconcertinacity,theycalledthatcityanapple.OfcourseNewYorkwasthebiggestcityinthecountryandbestplaceforajazzconcert.Sothemusicianscalledit"TheBigApple".

B：

Amazing!

NewYorkissuchafascinatingplaceanditevenhasaninterestingnickname,onethatit'shadformorethan50years.

Britainisfamousforitspubs,whereyoucansampleapintofBritishbeer,enjoygood-valuebarmealsandsavorthefriendlyatmosphere.Thepubboastsanexcellentrangeofhotandcoldbarsnacksorawideselectionofhome-cookedmealswithawarmandrelaxedatmosphere.

Audioscript：

TherearevisitorswhocometoEnglandandleavethinkingtheyhaveneverbeeninsideapub.Theydon'trealizethatthewords"pub"or"publichouse"arerarelyincludedinthetitleoftheplace.Sohowdoyouknowwhetherabuildingisapubandwhatdoesapubofferthevisitor?

Thefirstthingtolookforisalargesigneitherhangingoverthestreetorplacedonapoleoutsidethebuilding.ThissignmayhaveanamelikeTheKingsArms,TheBlackRabbitorTheDukeofKendaloranappropriatepicture.Manypubshavenameslinkedtoroyalty,popularheroes,sportsorgreatoccasions.ThereisapubcalledTheConcordeafterthenewairliner.

OnthedoorsofapubyoumayseethewordsSaloonBarorPublicBar.TheSaloonBarismorecomfortablyfurnished.OccasionallythewordsFreeHousecanbeseenbesidethenameofthepub.Thisdoesn'tmeantheyservefreefoodanddrink;itreferstothefactthatthepubdoesn'tbuyitsdrinksfromoneparticularbreweryonly.Itisn'ta"tiedhouse"--tiedtoabrewery.

Theservicesapuboffersvaryaroundthecountry.Thebasicserviceisthesaleofalcoholicdrinkatcertaintimesoftheday.Openingtimes,astheseperiodsareoftencalled,areusuallyfrom10.30a.m.to3p.m.andfrom6p.m.to11p.m.onweekdays.OnSundaystheopeningtimesare12noonuntil2p.m.and7-10.30p.m.althoughthesetimescanvaryslightlyaccordingtotheregion.Pubscanalsoofferfoodandaccommodation.Tohelpvisitors,anexperimentalsystemofsymbolshasbeentriedoutinSouthernEnglandandEastAnglia.Thesesymbolsindicatejustwhatisavailablefromaparticularpub.

PartIITimessquare

TimesSquareisintheheartofNewYorkCity.Everyyear,TimesSquareisthecenterofworldwideattentiononNewYear'sEvebecauseoftherooftopcelebrationstousherintheNewYear.Apartfromthat,therearesomeotherthingsthatmakeTimesSquarefamous.

Audioscript：

"TimesSquareisNewYork."ThosearethewordsoftheheadoftheTimesSquareAlliance,acoalitionofareabusinesses.ThemillionsofvisitorstoTimesSquareeachyearwouldprobablyagree.Theareahasoneofthemostrecognizablenamesintheworld.But,TimesSquareisnotreallyasquare.ItisthenamefortheareaaroundwhereBroadwaycrosses42ndStreetinManhattan.TheTimesSquareareastretchesmorethantenblocksnorthtosouth.Theborderstotheeastandwestareuneven.Somepeoplecalltheshapeoftheareaabowtie.

TimesSquaregetsitsnamefromTheNewYorkTimesnewspaper.In1904,thenewspaperbegantobuilditsheadquartersinwhatwasthencalledLongAcreSquare.Thecity'sundergroundtrainsystembuiltastopundertheTimesTower.ThecityrenamedtheareaTimesSquare.

OnDecember31st,1904,thenewspaperheldabigcelebrationinTimesSquaretowelcometheNewYear.Fireworkslitthesky.Celebrationshavetakenplaceeveryyearsincethen.Now,crowdsalsowatchabigglassballslidedownapoleastheNewYeararrives.

HundredsofbusinessesareinTimesSquare.ThealliancesaystwentypercentofallhotelroomsinNewYorkCityareinTimesSquare.ItsaysTimesSquarealsohasaboutsixandone-halfmillionsquaremetersofofficespace.Andmoreisbeingbuilt.

TimesSquareishometofamousBroadwaytheaters.Andseveraltelevisioncompanieshavestudiosthere.MTVisoneofthem.TimesSquareisprobablymostfamousforitshugecolorfulsigns.ThealliancesaysTimesSquareistheonlyplaceinNewYorkwherebusinessesarerequiredtousethem.

Audioscript：

ItisanothertypicalmorninginTimesSquare:

Taxicabsblaretheirhorns,15footbillboardslookdownoverthrongsofpeoplehurryingby,andinthemiddleofitall,membersofasmashBroadwaymusicalclimbuponastagetodanceandsingforthetourists.

TheentertainmentisbeingorganizedbytheTimesSquareBusinessImprovementDistrict,thepeopleresponsibleformakingtheareaaswelcomingtotouristsaspossible.Rightnow,thesquareiscrowdedandbusinessisbooming.Somuchso,infact,thatseveralsidewalkshadtobewidenedrecentlytocopewiththeincreaseinvisitors.AndsomeNewYorkersareevenpushingfortheentireareatobeofflimitstotraffic:

modelingTimesSquareafteraEuropeanplaza.

Ithasnotalwaysbeenthisway.Untiladecadeorsoago,TimesSquarehadthewell-deservedreputationofaseedyneighborhoodteemingwithprostitutesanddrugdealers.Asizeablepartofthearea'seconomycamefromstoressellingpornographyorcheapknock-offgoods.Thecitygovernmentneglectedthearea,spendinglittleofitstourismbudgetonimprovements.

Buttoday,theaters,restaurantsandupscalestoreshavereplacedthesexshops.AthrivingpartnershipbetweenCityHallandprivatebusinesses,suchasDisneyCompany,hasrevitalizedTimesSquare.

ThecurrentmayorofNewYorkCity,RudyGiuliani,hasmadeitaprioritytocleanupthearea.Crimerateshavedeclinedandvisitorsfeelalotsaferonthesquare.PartofthatefforthasinvolvedtheTimesSquareBusinessImprovementDistrictanditsPresident,BrendanSexton.

Mr.SextonandhiscolleaguesarelaunchinganewlineofTimesSquareclothingandaccessorieswhich,theyhope,willcompetewitheverythingelseonoffertovisitorstoNewYork.InsteadofjustpassingthroughTimesSquareandstoppingonlytotakeapictureofalltheflashinglightsandneonsigns,Mr.Sextonhopestouristswillstopandshop,andbringalittlepieceoftherevitalizedTimesSquarehomewiththem.

PartIIIAmericanslovechocolate

Chocolateisoneofthemostpopularholidaygifts.Giftsofchocolatemoldedintodifferentshapeshavebecometraditionaloncertainholidays.ChocolatebunniesandeggsarepopularonEaster,chocolatecoinsonHanukkah,snowmenandotherholidaysymbolsonChristmas,andchocolateheartsorchocolateinheart-shapedboxesonValentine'sDay.Chocolatemostcommonlycomesindark,milk,andwhitevarieties,withcocoasolidscontributingtothebrowncolor.

Audioscript：

ChocolateisasbigapartofAmericancultureasbaseballandapplepie.Butitsrootsrunmuchdeeper.

CheriFriedmanknowshowmuchAmericaloveschocolate.Sheisco-ownerofKronChocolatiers,asmall,gourmetchocolateshopthatopened32yearsagoinWashington,D.C.

"Ithinkit'soneofthebestcomfortfoodsthereis.It'seasytoeat.Itmeltsinyourmouth.There'sawarmsensation."

FriedmansaysshetakesprideinthefactthatKron'schocolatesaremadewiththefinestingredients,rightonthepremises.

Americans'loveofchocolatehashelpedtomakeitabigbusinessinthiscountry.MarkSeslerisseniorvicepresidentofmarketingatRussellStoverCandies,oneofthelargestmanufacturersofchocolateintheUnitedStates.

AccordingtoSesler,theindustrygotitsstartintheearly1900swithsmall-scalechocolatierssuchasStevenWhitman,andClaireandRussellStover.Theystartedwithsmallstores--muchlikeKron--butsoonexpandedtheirbusinessintobroadermarkets--thanks,Seslernotes,toanimportanttechnologicaladvance.

"It'stheadventofrefrigerationthathasreallymadetheavailabilityofchocolateveryprevalentthroughouttheUnitedStates.Ithinkchocolatehassecureditsplaceasadelectabletreatforanumberofsocietiesandanumberofcountries.SoIthinkwe'rejustoneofmanycountrieswhoenjoythedelicacythatischocolate."

SusanFussellisspokespersonfortheNationalConfectioner'sAssociation,atradegroupthatrepresentsvirtuallyeveryonewho'sinvolvedintheproductionandsaleofcandyintheUnitedStates.

AndwhydoesFussellthinkchocolateissouniversallypopular?

"Wellthere'sreallynothinglikechocolate...Oneofthemainingredientsinchocolateiscocoabutter.Andcocoabuttermeltsatbodytemperature.Sowhenyouputchocolateinyourmouth,ithasamouthfeelthat'sunlikeanyotherfoodthatyoueat.Ithasthatmelt-in-your-mouthsensationrightthereonyourtongue,anditisveryhardtoapproximatethatwithanyotherfood."

Audioscript：

ChocolateisasbigapartofAmericancultureasbaseballandapplepie.Butitsrootsrunmuchdeeper.

Madefromtheseedofthetropicalcacaotree,chocolatedatesbackatleast3000yearstotheancientcivilizationsofCentralandSouthAmerica,