商务英语中级词汇工业工程.docx

商务英语中级词汇工业工程.docx

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商务英语中级词汇工业工程

工业工程-中级

abnormaltime（nounphrase）=异常时间

anamountoftimespentonataskthatisdifferentfromthetimeitwasexpectedtotake

Wedidn'tconsiderabnormaltimewhenweestimatedhowlongthejobwouldtake.

acceptance（noun）=验收

anacknowledgmentstatingthataproductmeetsbuyerrequirementsandsatisfiescontractobligations

Wecloselyexamineallproductsfromvendorsbeforeacceptance.

acceptancesampling（nounphrase）=验收抽样

theprocessoftestingorexaminingpartofaproductbatchtodetermineifthewholebatchissatisfactory

Acceptancesamplingisonewaywemakesurewe'rebuyinghigh-qualityproducts.

activity（noun）=作业

anydistinctactionorgroupofactionsthatusesaresource

Ourgoalistoeliminatetheunnecessaryactivitiesinourproductionprocess.

actualtime（nounphrase）=实际时间

thetimeittakesaworkertocompleteatask

Theprojectmanagertracksactualtimetohelpplanthescheduleforfutureprojects.

allowedtime（nounphrase）=容许时间

thetotalamountoftimeitshouldtaketofinishatask

Theteamfinishedthejobwithinallowedtimeandmetthedeadline.

approval（noun）=审批

anacknowledgmentthataproductdesignmeetsabuyer'srequirementsandthatmanufacturingmaybegin

Theprojectisonholduntilwegetapproval.

assemble（verb）=装配

putseparatepartstogetherinordertomakeacompleteproduct

Weassemblecarenginesinourfactory.

assemblyline（nounphrase）=装配线

asystemformakingthingsinwhicheachpartoftheproductismadeorcheckedbyadifferentperson

HenryFordisfamousforusingtheassemblylineinhiscarfactories.

automation（noun）=自动操作

themethodofusingmachinestodoworkotherwisedonebypeople

Automationhelpedusincreasethenumberofcarswemakeeachyear.

工业工程-中级

（2）

availability（noun）=可用性

readinessforuse

Meetingourdeadlinedependsonequipmentavailability.

avoidabledelay（nounphrase）=可避免的延期

aninterruptioninworkthatcouldhavebeenprevented

Manyavoidabledelaysareduetoworkers'inexperiencewiththemachines.

backlog（noun）=积压

anaccumulationoftasks,materials,ororders

Wehaveahugebacklogofordersforthenewhybridcar.

balance（verb）=平衡

allocateworkertimesothatproductionhappensatasteadyrate

Thenewshiftsupervisorbalancedtheproductionlineefficiently.

baseline（noun）=基线

acurrentstatisticorstandardthatwillbeusedtomeasurefutureprogress

Wewilluselastyear'stotalsalesasabaselineformeasuringoursalessuccessthisyear.

benchmark（noun）=基准

astandardthatresearchersusewhenmakingcomparisonsormeasurements

Thelatestresearchfromthatinstituteissoexcellentthatitwillserveasabenchmarkforfutureresearch.

benchmark（verb）=基准

compareacompany'sperformanceinspecificareastothatofindustryleadersinordertomeasureprogress

Webenchmarkedourcustomersatisfactionstatisticsagainsttwoleadersinourindustryandidentifiedthreeareasforimprovement.

benchmarking（noun）=基准

inbusiness,theprocessofusingastandardwhenmakingcomparisonsormeasurements;oftenusedtoidentifypossibleimprovements

Wehavesuchalowlevelofproductdefectsthatourcompetitorsuseourqualityprocessforbenchmarkingtheirownproducts.

bestpractice（nounphrase）=最佳实践

aspecificprocedurewithinanindustrythatisrecognizedasbeingbetterthanotherproceduresthataccomplishthesamegoal

Ourapproachtohandlingcustomercomplaintsisconsideredabestpracticeintheindustry.

工业工程-中级（3）

bottleneck（noun）=瓶颈

blockedmovement

Thematerialsweredeliveredlatebecauseofabottleneckintheshipyard.

brainstorming（noun）=头脑风暴法

aproblem-solvingapproachthataskspeopletolistideasorpossiblesolutionsquicklywithoutevaluatingthem

Thebrainstormingsessionforourmarketingcampaignproducedseveralexcellentideas.

CAD（nounphrase）=计算机辅助设计

computer-aideddesign;useofspecialdrawingsoftwaretocreateandmanipulateimages

Icancreateamazingthree-dimensionalimageswithmyCADprogram.

capability（noun）=能力

thepotentialtoproducesomethingoraccomplishatask

Wehavethecapabilitytomakeelectriccars.

capacity（noun）=产能

theabilitytoproducesomethingoraccomplishatask

Webuiltanewfactoryandtripledourcapacitytoproduceengines.

capacity（noun）=容积

theamountofelectricitythatagenerator,circuit,orelectricalapparatuscansafelycarry;theamountofgasthatapipelinecancarry

Ifdemandforelectricitygetstoohighthiswinter,thegeneratorwillreachitscapacity.

cell（noun）=单元

agroupofpeople,equipment,andmaterialsorganizedtomanufactureacompleteproductoranimportantpartofaproduct

Ourfactoryusesdifferentcellstobuilddifferentproducts.

compliance（noun）=顺应性

inaclinicalstudy,followingalloftherequirementsforthetrialandallstandardregulationsforresearch

Inlargestudies,itisimportanttocheckallstagesoftheresearchforcompliance.

compliance（noun）=遵从性

followingorobeyingtherules;inbusiness,actingaccordingtobusinessandindustryregulations

Thegovernmentwillfinecompaniesthatarenotincompliancewithenvironmentallaws.

工业工程-中级（4）

computersimulation（nounphrase）=计算机模似

acomputer-generatedimagethatillustratesaproductionsystemorprocessinordertohelpemployeesmakeimprovements

Wehaveaclearpictureofthenewmanufacturingprocessthankstothecomputersimulation.

continuousimprovement（nounphrase）=持续改进

eliminatingwasteandincreasingvaluebyconstantlymakingproducts,processes,andfacilitiesbetter

Aspartofourprogramofcontinuousimprovement,weaskallofourcustomerstotakeacustomersatisfactionsurveysothatweunderstandwhatchangestheywouldliketosee.

continuousproduction（nounphrase）=连续生产

theprocessofmakingsomethinginanuninterruptedway

Mycompanydevelopedaprocessforthecontinuousproductionofbiodiesel,whichhasincreasedourprofits.

continuoustask（nounphrase）=连续任务

apartofaproductionprocessthatinvolvesongoingchangesthataworkermustmonitorconstantly

Anemployeedoingacontinuoustaskneedsfrequentbreaks.

continuouswork（nounphrase）=连续工作

uninterruptedeffortbyaworkeroveragivenperiodoftime

Somepeoplebelievethatcontinuousworkresultsinmoremistakes.

controlchart（nounphrase）=控制图表

avisualtoolshowinghowmuchvariationisacceptableduringagivenprocess

Weusedacontrolcharttopredicthoweffectiveournewmanufacturingprocesswouldbe.

costaccounting（nounphrase）=成本会计

theprocessoftrackingthevariouscostsofaproductororganization

Wehavefiveemployeesinourfinancedepartmentwhoareresponsibleforcostaccounting.

costanalysis（nounphrase）=成本分析

theprocessofunderstandingthereasonsforbusinessexpenses

Themanagementteam'sproposaltocutthebudgetwassupportedbythecostanalysis.

custom（adjective）=定制

madetosuitindividualneeds

Ourcompanyisfamousforitscustomcars.

工业工程-中级（5）

cutoffpoint（nounphrase）=截止点

aqualitystandardthatdistinguisheswhatisacceptablefromwhatisnotacceptable

Thequalityassuranceteamfoundthatmanyofthenewproductswerebelowthecutoffpoint.

daywage（nounphrase）=计日工资

awayofpayingworkersthatisbasedontimeworkedratherthanworkcompletedorgoalsachieved

Thecompany'scontractworkersarepaidbytheproject,butmostproductionemployeesreceiveadaywage.

decisiontree（nounphrase）=决策树

aguidancesystemforagentsandtechniciansthatusesalogicalbranchingstructuretoindicatethenextstepwhenacustomergivesaparticularresponse

Decisiontreesareextremelyhelpfulfornewagentsandtechnicians,whomaynotknowwhattodonextaftertheygetinformationfromacustomer.

decisiontree（nounphrase）=决策树

anillustrationthatshowseachstepinaprocess,thepossiblechoicesandpossibleoutcomes,andconnectionstootherdecisions

Whenwewereplanningtorelocatetheoffice,creatingadecisiontreehelpedusvisualizethechoicesweneededtomake.

defect（noun）=缺陷

adeficiencyorimperfection

Thecompanyrecalledmanycarsbecauseofenginedefects.

delay（noun）=延期

aslowingorinterruptionofthemanufacturingprocess

Thedelaycostthecompanyalotofmoney.

deliverable（noun）=可交付

aproduct,document,service,orplanthatmustbecreatedandgiventosomeone,usuallybyacertaindate

Theprojectplanlistsallofthedeliverablesforthisprojectandtheirduedates.

directcost（nounphrase）=直接成本

expenses,includingthoseformaterialsandlabor,spenttomakeaspecificproduct

Directcostsforourautomobileswereoverbudgetbecauseofanunexpectedincreaseinthepriceofplastic.

directlabor（nounphrase）=直接人工

workdonespecificallytomakeaparticularproduct

Theproject'sbiggestexpensewasdirectlaborbecausewehadtohireafullteamofengineers.

工业工程-中级（6）

distribution（noun）=发行

theprocessofdeliveringproductstopeopleorplaces

Ourcompanyhandlesdistributionforseveralmanufacturers.

downtime（noun）=停工期

productiontimelostbecauseequipmentisnotworking

Becauseofunexpecteddowntime,wemissedourdeadlinebyaweek.

duration（noun）=持续时间

thetimeitwilltaketocompleteataskorprocess

Themanagerunderestimatedthedurationoftheprojectandwewerelatedeliveringtheproducttothecustomer.

e-commerce（noun）=网上商业

buyingandsellingproductsandservicesovertheInternet

E-commercenowaccountsfor15percentofourcompany'ssales,aspeoplearebeginningtobuyproductsthroughouronlinestore.

efficiency（noun）=效率

theamountofactualtime,labor,orequipmentusagecomparedtowhatwasprojected

Efficiencyoftenresultsinhigherprofits,