中考英语知识点大汇总.docx

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中考英语知识点大汇总.docx

中考英语知识点大汇总

第一部分:

单项选择

一、名词考点:

历年都放在单选21题,考查名词的词义辨析,学生应当熟记所学单词,并根据情景和关键词选出答案

单选部分只考查名词的词义,但是,在完形部分也会考到名词

【分类】

1)专有n.:

表示人名、物名、地名或是组织机构的名称的词:

Lucy,China,Shanghai,theGreatWall

2)普通n.:

(1)可数n:

分为个体n.(dictionary,pencil等)及集体n.(family,police等)

(2)不可数n:

分为物质n.(rice,glass,water等)及抽象n.(health,life,homework等)

【可数n.的复数形式】

1)一般情况,加-s如cake→cakesday→daysstudent→students

2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词,加-es如bus→busesbox→boxesbrush→brusheswatch→watches

3)以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加es,如dictionary→dictionariesbaby→babiescity→cities

4)以f(e)结尾的词,f(e)变为ves,如leaf→leavesself→selveshalf→halveslife→liveswife→wivesthief→thievesknife→kniveswolf→wolves

5)以o结尾的词,有生命,加-es;无生命,加-s如hero→heroestomato→tomatoespotato→potatoes

photo→photoszoo→zoosradio→radios

6)不规则变化如man→menwoman→womenchild→childrenfoot→feettooth→teethsheep→sheepdeer→deerChinese→ChineseJapanese→Japanese

【名词的量】数词+量词+of+名词,注意选用be动词时以题词为主

1)*可数名词:

注意后面的名词必须为复数,如:

abasketofapples(谓语为单数)twobasketsofeggs

2)不可数名词:

注意量词加s,如:

twobottlesofmilksomecupsoftea

【名词所有格】表示名词之间的所有关系

1)’s所有格:

注意表示两人共有的:

TomandJim’s人数已为复数时只须加’如Teachers’Day

2)of所有格:

无生命的所有格,thedooroftheroom

3)*双重所有格:

of+名词所有格如:

afriendofmyfather’s(父亲朋友之一,强调父亲还有很多其他朋友)

afriendofmyfather(父亲本人的一个朋友,强调与父亲的友好关系)

【真题解析】

()26.---Doyoulikefruit?

----Yes,Ilikethe________best.(2005厦门)

A.potatoB.chickenC.pearD.bread

()21.---Couldyougivemesome____?

---Whydon'tyoujoinanEnglishclubanddomorepractice?

(2006厦门)

A.interestB.adviceC.voice

()21.Healwayshasa______withhim.Ithinkhemustenjoytakingphotos.(2007厦门)

A.computerB.dictionaryC.camera

()21.----Iplantogooutforatrip,butI'mafraidIdon'tknowthe________.

----Amapishelpful,Ithink.(2008厦门)

A.priceB.wayC.time

()21.----Howisthe______there,Lingling?

---It’sasunnyday.(2009厦门)

A.weatherB.vacationC.service

()21.----Well,abowlofnoodleswithbeefandtomato.Ok,thenwhat____wouldyoulike,sir?

----Asmallbowl,please.(2010厦门)

A.priceBtimeC.size

()21.---Itookalotof________whenIvisitedtheWorldExpoinShanghai.

---Wow,it’sgreat.Letmehavealooknexttime.(2011厦门)

A.moneyB.medicineC.pictures

【预测试题】

()1.1.Theoldmanusedtoraisemany_____tomakealivingonthefarm.

A.duckB.horseC.sheep

()2.---Whatisthe______ofsuccess?

---Firstofall,youhavetoknowforsurewhatyoureallywant.

A.secretB.differenceC.experience

()3.Somethingiswrongwithmy______.Ican’tseeanythingaroundme.

A.noseB.earsC.eyes

()4.Ilike____alot,andmymotherusuallycooksitindifferentways.

A.fishB.potatoesC.noddles

()5.Stopmakingsomuch_____.Thechildrenaresleeping.

A.voiceB.noiseC.Sound

()6.Readthe______carefully.Theywillhelpyouknowhowtousethepopper.

A.instructionsB.decisionsC.results

()7.---Couldyoupleasetellmesomethingaboutthetwo_______?

---____.TheyarcexchangestudentsofNo.1MiddleSchool.

A.Frenchmen;Yes,pleaseB.Frenchmans;ComeonC.Germans;Allright

二、冠词考点:

【不定冠词a/an泛指】

(1)用于第一次出现的人或事物前,或泛指某人或某物等

Thisisanapple.Agirliswaitingforyou.

(2)区别a与an:

a用于以辅音音素(发音)开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素(发音)开头的单词前

aboxadeskalovelygirlanicedayagoodtime

anorangeanimportantpersonanexcitinggameanunusualplaceanumbrella

anhouranhonestman

auniversityaunitausefulbookaEuropeancountry

Thereisa"U"andan"S"in"use"

(3)a+序数词表示“又一,再一”

We'vetrieditthreetimes.Mustwetryitafourthtime?

我们已经试过三次了,还要再试一次

(4)固定词组:

afew;alittle;abit;haveaswim/walk/look/rest/drink;haveacold;haveagoodtime等

【定冠词the特指】

(1)表示双方都知道的人或事物如:

Givemethebook,please.

(2)表示上文已提到过的人或物如:

Doyouknowthegirlinred?

(3)表示世上独一无二的事物如:

Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

(4)用在序数词、adj.最高级前,如:

Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlintheclass.Thefirstlessoniseasy.

(5)the用在姓氏复数前,表...一家人或....夫妇如:

TheGreenswillgotoLondononvacation.

(6)固定词组:

inthemorning/afternoon/eveningbythewayallthattimeatthesametimeattheend/beginningofintheendattheageofatthemomentatnight

【零冠词(不用冠词的情况)】

(1)人名、地名、国名前如:

Chinaisagreatcountry.要注意【theUSA】

(2)指示代词、物主代词、不定代词前如:

EverystudentlivesinXiamen.

(3)三餐、节日、星期、季节等前如:

Children’sDay.havebreakfast(haveaquickbreakfast)

(4)by+交通工具之间如:

bybus;bycar;byplane=byair(注意takeabus/train)

(5)play+球类和棋类如:

playfootball;playchess;playcards(注意二胡等中国乐器:

playErhu)

【真题解析】

()27.---Bytheway,haveyougot________e-mailaddress?

---Ohyes,it'sdbpower@163.com.(2005厦门)

A.aB.anC.theD./

()22.Jameslikestoplay____violinand_____chesswhenheisfree.(2006厦门)

A.the,/B./,theC.the,the

()23.______womaninareddressisaverypopularteacherinourschool.(2007厦门)

A.AB.TheC./

()22.---Doyouenjoyyourschoollife?

---Yes,ofcourse.I'vehad_________wonderfultimehere.(2008厦门)

A.aB.anC.the

()23.MoreandmoreforeignstudentscometoChinatolearn______Chinese.(2009厦门)

A.aB.theC./

()24.Thankyousomuch.Ireallylike_______scarfyougavemeyesterday.Itlooksverynice.(2010厦门)

A.aB.theC./

()22.---Jackyis________amazingsinger.Hehaslotsoffans.(2011厦门)

A.anB.theC./

【预测试题】

()1.---Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture,Nick?

---Iwanttobe__________pilot.Itis________excitingjob.

A.a;aB.a;anC.the;an

()2.---WhydoyoulikeMary?

---Becausesheis______  honestgirl.

A.a                   B.an                C.the

()3.There’s________800-metre-longroadbehindthehospital.   

A.an    B.a    C.the  

()4.---Lilyiscomingby______ planetomorrow.---Let’sgototheairporttomeether.

A.aB.theC./

()5.---Howdoyougotowork?

---Iusuallytake_________bus.

A.theB./C.a

()6.LiNaplays_____tennisverywell.Shehasbecome_____firstAsianwomantoreachaGrandSlam(大满贯)final.

A.a;theB./;theC./;a

()7.Afterschoolweusuallyplay_____basketballforhalfanhouron_____playground.

A.the;theB.不填;不填C.不填;the

三、代词考点:

关于代词的考查,主要在于人称代词和不定代词的考查;人称代词相对容易些,而不定代词则需要多加注意.

【人称代词】

(1)主格:

Iyousheheitwethey

宾格:

meyouherhimitusthem

*注意:

人称代词的语序:

you,he/she/itandI;we,youandthey

(2)it的考点:

A.指代单数名词或不可数名词B.时间、距离和天气等

C.婴儿和不明身份人员D.问谁敲门:

---Whoisit?

---It'sme.

注意:

问电话那头是谁---Who'sthat?

---Thisis....

(3)that的考点:

在比较级句子中避免重复TheweatherinShanghaiismuchcolderthanthatinXiamen.

【物主代词】

(1)形容词性物主代词:

myyourhisheritsourtheir

名词性物主代词:

mineyourshishersitsourstheirs

*形容词性物主代词+名词==名词性物主代词

(2)名词性物主代词前面可加of作定语,相当于”of+名词所有格”,表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩

Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一位朋友

【反身代词】

(1)反身代词:

myselfyourself(yourselves)himselfherselfitselfthemselvesourselves

(2)常考词组:

teachoneself自学learnbyoneself自学enjoyoneself过得愉快helponeselfto随便吃

【不定代词】不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词

常见辨析

(1)all,many/much;some/any;afew/alittle;few/little;no

(2)both/neither/either;all/none;every/each;theother/another/others/theothers/anyother/any

(3)something/somebody/someone;anything/anybody/anyone;nothing/nobody/noone

【真题解析】

()28.---Where'smydictionary?

---Ohsorry.Ihavetaken________bymistake.(2005厦门)

A.yoursB.hisC.hersD.mine

()29.Jenny'sshoeswerewornout.Shewantedtobuyanew________.(2005厦门)

A.shoeB.shoesC.oneD.pair

()23.Themathexamwasverydifficult.Idon'tthink______couldpassit.(2006厦门)

A.someoneB.everyoneC.noone

()24.----Wouldyoulike______cake?

----No,thanks.I'mfull.(2006厦门)

A.anotherB.otherC.else

()22.----Whosenotebookisit?

----ItbelongstoLily.Didn'tyousee______nameonit?

(2007厦门)

A.sheB.herC.hers

()24.---MayIborrowyourdictionary,Jim?

---Oh,sorry.Itisn't_________.(2008厦门)

A.hisB.hersC.mine

()25.---Wouldyoulikesomemilkinyourtea?

---Yes,please.Butjust_________.(2008厦门)

A.littleB.alittleC.afew

()22.Benlikesrobotsbest.Heoftensaystomethat____ismoreinterestingthanrobots.(2009厦门)

A.somethingB.anythingC.nothing

()23.----WhohelpedyourepairtheMP4?

----______.Irepaireditallbymyself.(2010厦门)

A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.Nobody

()23.Emma,canyouintroduce_________toAlice?

Iwouldliketomakefriendswithher.(2011厦门)

A.himB.herC.me

()24.---WhichofthetwoT-shirtwillyoutake?

---I’lltake__________,oneformybrother,theotherformyself.(2011厦门)

A.bothB.eitherC.neither

【预测试题】

()1.---Alice,isthisyourdictionary?

---Letmesee.Oh,no.______isinmyschoolbag.

A.MeB.MyC.Mine

()2.---Shallwegointothatshopandhavealook?

---Sorry.Iwon't.Ihave______todothere.

A.nothingB.anythingC.something

()3.Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake.______areclimbingthehill.

AOthersBOtherCTheother

()4.Howdangerous!

Shewasdrivingthecarwithonehandandholdinganicecreamwith____.

A.theotherB.anotherC.others

()5.---Oh,thetrafficissoheavy.---Let’schange_______routetotheairport.

A.otherB.othersC.another

()6.Itwas______finedaythattheywenttothepark.

AasoBasuchCsucha

()7.Allofusfind______necessarytotakeexerciseeveryday.

A.thisB.thatC.it

()8.______ofthestudentsinthewholeclasscoulddothisphysicsquestion.

ANoBNoneCNeither

()9.Comeon,children!

Help______tosomechicken.

A.yourselfB.yourselves;C.herself

()10.Isthereintoday’snewspape

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