中考英语知识点大汇总.docx

1、中考英语知识点大汇总第一部分:单项选择 一、名词考点：历年都放在单选21题,考查名词的词义辨析,学生应当熟记所学单词,并根据情景和关键词选出答案单选部分只考查名词的词义,但是,在完形部分也会考到名词 【分类】1)专有n.:表示人名、物名、地名或是组织机构的名称的词：Lucy, China, Shanghai, the Great Wall2)普通n.:(1)可数n:分为个体n.(dictionary, pencil等)及集体n.(family, police等) (2)不可数n:分为物质n.(rice, glass, water等)及抽象n.(health, life, homework等)

2、【可数n.的复数形式】1)一般情况,加-s 如cakecakes daydays studentstudents 2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词,加-es 如busbuses boxboxes brushbrushes watchwatches3)以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加es,如dictionarydictionaries babybabies citycities 4)以f(e)结尾的词,f(e)变为ves, 如leafleaves selfselves halfhalves lifelives wifewives thiefthieves knifeknives wolf

3、wolves 5)以o结尾的词,有生命,加-es;无生命,加-s 如heroheroes tomatotomatoes potatopotatoes photophotos zoozoos radioradios6)不规则变化 如manmen womanwomen childchildren footfeet toothteeth sheepsheep deerdeer ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese【名词的量】数词+量词+of+名词，注意选用be动词时以题词为主1)*可数名词:注意后面的名词必须为复数,如:a basket of apples（谓语为单数） t

4、wo baskets of eggs2)不可数名词:注意量词加s,如:two bottles of milk some cups of tea 【名词所有格】表示名词之间的所有关系1)s所有格:注意表示两人共有的:Tom and Jims 人数已为复数时只须加 如Teachers Day2)of所有格:无生命的所有格，the door of the room 3)*双重所有格:of+名词所有格 如:a friend of my fathers (父亲朋友之一,强调父亲还有很多其他朋友) a friend of my father（父亲本人的一个朋友,强调与父亲的友好关系） 【真题解析】( )2

5、6. -Do you like fruit? -Yes, I like the_best. （2005厦门）A. potato B. chicken C. pear D. bread( )21. -Could you give me some _? -Why dont you join an English club and do more practice?(2006厦门)A. interest B. advice C. voice ( )21. He always has a _ with him. I think he must enjoy taking photos. （2007厦门）

6、A. computer B. dictionary C. camera( )21. -I plan to go out for a trip, but Im afraid I dont know the_. -A map is helpful, I think.(2008厦门)A. price B. way C. time( )21. -How is the _ there, Lingling? -Its a sunny day. （2009厦门）A. weather B. vacation C. service( )21. -Well,a bowl of noodles with beef

7、and tomato. Ok, then what_ would you like, sir? -A small bowl, please.（2010厦门）A. price B time C. size( )21. - I took a lot of _ when I visited the World Expo in Shanghai. - Wow, its great. Let me have a look next time.（2011厦门）A. money B. medicine C. pictures【预测试题】( )1. 1. The old man used to raise m

8、any _ to make a living on the farm.A. duck B.horse C. sheep ( )2.-What is the _of success? -First of all,you have to know for sure what you really want. A. secret B. difference C. experience( )3.Something is wrong with my _. I cant see anything around me.A. nose B. ears C. eyes( )4. I like_ a lot,an

9、d my mother usually cooks it in different ways.A. fish B. potatoes C. noddles( )5.Stop making so much _. The children are sleeping. A. voice B. noise C. Sound( )6. Read the _ carefully. They will help you know how to use the popper. A. instructions B.decisions C. results ( )7.-Could you please tell

10、me something about the two_?-_. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Middle School.A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B. Frenchmans; Come on C. Germans; All right二、冠词考点：【不定冠词 a/an泛指】 (1)用于第一次出现的人或事物前,或泛指某人或某物等 This is an apple. A girl is waiting for you. (2)区别a与an: a用于以辅音音素(发音)开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素(发音)开头的单词前 a box

11、 a desk a lovely girl a nice day a good time an orange an important person an exciting game an unusual place an umbrella an hour an honest man a university a unit a useful book a European country There is aU and an S in use (3)a + 序数词 表示“又一，再一” Weve tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time

12、? 我们已经试过三次了，还要再试一次 (4)固定词组:a few;a little;a bit;have a swim/walk/look/rest/drink;have a cold;have a good time等 【定冠词the 特指】 (1)表示双方都知道的人或事物 如:Give me the book, please. (2)表示上文已提到过的人或物 如:Do you know the girl in red? (3)表示世上独一无二的事物 如:The earth moves around the sun. (4)用在序数词、adj.最高级前, 如:She is the most

13、beautiful girl in the class. The first lesson is easy. (5)the用在姓氏复数前，表.一家人或.夫妇 如:The Greens will go to London on vacation. (6)固定词组: in the morning/afternoon/evening by the way all that time at the same time at the end/beginning of in the end at the age of at the moment at night【零冠词(不用冠词的情况)】 (1)人名、地

14、名、国名前 如:China is a great country. 要注意【the USA】 (2)指示代词、物主代词、不定代词前 如:Every student lives in Xiamen. (3)三餐、节日、星期、季节等前 如:Childrens Day. have breakfast (have a quick breakfast) (4)by+交通工具之间 如:by bus;by car;by plane=by air(注意take a bus/ train) (5)play+球类和棋类 如:play football;play chess;play cards (注意二胡等中国乐

15、器:play Erhu )【真题解析】( )27. - By the way, have you got_e-mail address? -Oh yes, its dbpower163. com.（2005厦门）A. a B. an C. the D. /( )22. James likes to play _ violin and _ chess when he is free. （2006厦门）A. the, / B. / , the C. the,the( )23. _ woman in a red dress is a very popular teacher in our schoo

16、l. （2007厦门）A. A B. The C. /( )22. -Do you enjoy your school life? -Yes, of course. Ive had_wonderful time here.（2008厦门）A. a B. an C. the( )23. More and more foreign students come to China to learn _ Chinese. （2009厦门）A. a B. the C. /( )24. Thank you so much. I really like _scarf you gave me yesterday

17、. It looks very nice.（2010厦门） A. a B. the C. /( )22. - Jacky is _ amazing singer. He has lots of fans. （2011厦门）A. an B. the C. /【预测试题】( )1.-What do you want to be in the future，Nick? -I want to be_ pilot. It is_ exciting job. A. a;a B. a;an C. the;an ( )2.-Why do you like Mary? -Because she is _hone

18、st girl. A. a B. an C. the ( )3.Theres _800-metre-long road behind the hospital. A. an B. a C. the ( )4.- Lily is coming by_plane tomorrow. -Lets go to the airport to meet her. A. a B. the C. /( )5. -How do you go to work? -I usually take _ bus. A. the B. / C. a ( )6.Li Na plays_tennis very well.She

19、 has become_first Asian woman to reach a Grand Slam(大满贯)final.A.a; the B. /; the C./; a( )7.After school we usually play_basketball for half an hour on_ playground. A. the; the B.不填; 不填 C.不填; the 三、代词考点： 关于代词的考查,主要在于人称代词和不定代词的考查;人称代词相对容易些,而不定代词则需要多加注意.【人称代词】 (1)主格: I you she he it we they 宾格: me you

20、 her him it us them*注意：人称代词的语序:you,he/she/it and I； we, you and they (2)it的考点: A.指代单数名词或不可数名词 B.时间、距离和天气等 C.婴儿和不明身份人员 D.问谁敲门: -Who is it? - Its me. 注意：问电话那头是谁 -Whos that? -This is.(3)that的考点:在比较级句子中避免重复 The weather in Shanghai is much colder than that in Xiamen.【物主代词】(1)形容词性物主代词: my your his her its

21、 our their 名词性物主代词: mine yours his hers its ours theirs*形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词(2)名词性物主代词前面可加of作定语，相当于”of+名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩 He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一位朋友【反身代词】(1)反身代词:myself yourself(yourselves) himself herself itself themselves ourselves(2)常考词组:teach oneself自学 learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself

22、过得愉快 help oneself to随便吃 【不定代词】不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词常见辨析 (1)all,many/much；some/any；a few/a little；few/little；no (2)both/neither/either；all/none；every/each；the other/another/others/the others/any other/any (3)something/somebody/someone；anything/anybody/anyone；nothing/nobody/no one【真题解析】( )28. - Wheres my

23、 dictionary? - Oh sorry. I have taken_by mistake. （2005厦门）A.yours B. his C. hers D. mine( )29. Jennys shoes were worn out. She wanted to buy a new_.(2005厦门)A. shoe B. shoes C. one D. pair( )23. The math exam was very difficult. I dont think _ could pass it. （2006厦门）A. someone B. everyone C. no one(

24、)24.-Would you like _ cake? -No,thanks.Im full. （2006厦门）A. another B. other C. else( )22.-Whose notebook is it? -It belongs to Lily. Didnt you see _ name on it?（2007厦门）A. she B. her C. hers( )24. -May I borrow your dictionary, Jim? -Oh, sorry. It isnt_.（2008厦门）A. his B. hers C. mine( )25. -Would you

25、 like some milk in your tea? -Yes, please. But just_.（2008厦门）A. little B. a little C. a few( )22. Ben likes robots best. He often says to me that _ is more interesting than robots.（2009厦门）A. something B. anything C. nothing( )23. -Who helped you repair the MP4? -_. I repaired it all by myself.（2010厦

26、门）A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody( )23. Emma, can you introduce _ to Alice? I would like to make friends with her. （2011厦门）A. him B. her C. me( )24. - Which of the two T-shirt will you take? - Ill take _, one for my brother, the other for myself. （2011厦门）A. both B. either C. neither【预测试题】( )1. -Alice,

27、 is this your dictionary? -Let me see. Oh, no. _ is in my school bag.A. Me B. My C. Mine( )2. - Shall we go into that shop and have a look? - Sorry. I wont. I have _ to do there.A. nothing B.anything C.something ( )3. The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake._ ar

28、e climbing the hill.A Others B Other C The other( )4. How dangerous! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice cream with _.A. the other B. another C. others ( )5.-Oh, the traffic is so heavy. -Lets change _ route to the airport.A. other B. others C. another ( )6. It was_ fine day tha

29、t they went to the park.A a so B a such C such a ( )7.All of us find _ necessary to take exercise every day.A. this B. that C. it ( )8._ of the students in the whole class could do this physics question.A No B None C Neither ( )9.Come on, children! Help_ to some chicken.A. yourself B. yourselves; C. herself( )10. Is there in todays newspape