高中英语阅读理解经典试题含答案doc.docx
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高中英语阅读理解经典试题含答案doc
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Itstartedduringayogaclass.Shefeltastrangepullonherneck,afeelingcompletelyforeigntoher.Herfriendsuggestedsherushtotheemergencyroom.Itturnedoutthatshewashavingaheartattack.
Shedidn'tsharesimilarsymptomswithsomeonewhowaslikelytohaveaheartattack.Sheexercised,watchedherplateanddidnotsmoke.Butonreviewinghermedicalhistory,Ifoundthathercholesterol（胆固醇）levelwassky-high.Shehadbeenprescribedacholesterol-loweringstatin（他汀）medication,butsheneverpickeduptheprescriptionbecauseofthescarythingsshehadreadaboutstatinsontheInternet.Shewasthevictimoffakemedicalnews.
Whilemisinformationhasbeentheobjectofgreatattentioninpolitics,medicalmisinformationmightleadtoanincreaseindeaths.Asistruewithfakenewsingeneral,medicalliestendtospreadfurtherthantruthsontheInternet—andtheyhaveveryrealbadconsequences.
Falsemedicalinformationcanalsoleadtopatientsexperiencinggreatersideeffectsthroughthe"noceboeffect（反安慰剂效应）".Sometimespatientsbenefitfromanintervention（干预）simplybecausetheybelievetheywill—that'stheplaceboeffect（安慰剂效应）.Thenoceboeffectistheopposite.Patientscanexperienceharmfuleffectsbecausetheyanticipatethem.Thisisverytrueofstatins.Inblindedtrials,patientswhogetstatinsarenomorelikelytoreportfeelingmuscleachesthanpatientswhogetaplacebo.Yet,inclinicalpractice,accordingtoonestudy,almostafifthofpatientstakingstatinsreportsideeffects,leadingmanytodiscontinuethedrugs.
Whatelseisonthefakenewshitlist?
Asalways,vaccines（疫苗）.Falseconcernsthatthevaccinemaycausesideeffectshavegreatlyreducedcoveragerates.
Cancerisanotherbigtargetforpushersofmedicalmisinformation—manyofwhomrefusealternativetherapies."Thoughmostpeoplethinkcancertumorsarebad,they'reactuallythewayyourbodyattemptstocontaintheharmfulcells,"onefakenewsstoryreads.Itwarnsthatprescriptionmedicationsleadtotheuncontrolledcellmutations（变异）.
SiliconValleyneedstofacethisproblem.Iamnotafree-speechlawyer,butwhenhumanhealthisatrisk,perhapssearchengines,socialmediaplatformsandwebsitesshouldbeheldresponsibleforpromotingorhostingfakeinformation.Meanwhile,journalistsshoulddoabetterjobofspreadingaccurateinformation.
（1）WecanlearnfromParagraph2that________.
A. thewomanpaidlittleattentiontoherdailydiets
B. theunhealthylifestylemightleadtothewoman'sheartattack
C. thesymptomoftheheartattackwasfamiliartothewoman
D. thewomandidn'ttaketheprescriptionduetofakemedicalnews
（2）Accordingtothepassage,theplaceboeffectfunctionsbecausepatients________.
A. neglectnecessarytreatment
B. discontinuetheharmfuldrugs
C. believethebenefitsofanintervention
D. suffermoresideeffects
（3）Whatdoestheauthormeanbyclaimingthat"heisnotafree-speechlawyer"inthelastparagraph?
A. Heisalawyerveryeasytospeakto.
B. Heisgoodatspeakingbecauseofhisjob.
C. Heisavailabletogiveaspeechonthelaw.
D. Heisverycautiouswhenspeakingsomething
（4）Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.
A. remindustotakemedicationasprescribed
B. warnusagainstfakemedicalnewsontheInternet
C. encouragejournaliststoreportmorepositivenewsevents
D. teachushowtodistinguishfakemedicalnewsontheInternet
【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言有巨大的杀伤力。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的”...,butsheneverpickeduptheprescriptionbecauseofthescarythingsshehadreadaboutstainsontheInternet."她从来没有拿过这个处方，因为她在网上看到关于他汀的可怕事情，可知，由于虚假的医疗信息，这名女子没有服用那个处方药。
故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Sometimespatientsbenefitfromaninterventionsimplybecausetheybelievetheywill—that'stheplaceboeffect.”有时患者从干预中获益仅仅是因为他们相信他们会——这就是安慰剂效应，可知，安慰剂效应的作用是因为患者相信干预的好处。
故选C。
（3）考查词义猜测。
根据最后一段中的“Iamnotafree-speechlawyer,butwhenhumanhealthisatrisk,perhapssearchengines,socialmediaplatformsandwebsitesshouldbeheldresponsibleforpromotingorhostingfakeinformation.”我不是一个言论自由的律师，但当人类健康受到威胁时，或许搜索引擎、社交媒体平台和网站应该为推广或提供虚假信息负责，可知，他不赞成随口造谣、传谣的，同时他说话很谨慎。
故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Asistruewithfakenewsingeneral,medicalliestendtospreadfurtherthantruthsontheInternet—andtheyhaveveryrealbadconsequences.”就像假新闻一样，医学上的谎言在网络上传播得比真相还远，而且后果非常严重；以及文章中的例子可知，全文的主要目的是通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言有巨大的杀伤力，来教我们如何辨别网上的假医疗新闻。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
NASAhasanewjoblisting,andit'snojoke.TheUSspaceagencyislookingfora"joker"tojointheirplannedmissiontoMars.
AmissiontoMarsisnolaughingmatter.Onaverage,theredplanetis140millionmiles（225millionkilometers）awayfromEarth.Atriptherewouldtakearoundeightmonthsinasmallspacecraft.AndMarshasacommunicationsdelayof20minutes.Thismeansthatastronautswillhavetowait20minutesforareply,whenanemergencyhappens.
"Whenyou'relivingwithothersinaconfinedspaceforalongperiodoftime,suchasonamissiontoMars,problemsarelikelytooccur,"JeffreyJohnson,ascientistattheUniversityofFlorida,toldTheGuardian.
ThisisprobablywhyNASAwantsanastronautwithasenseofhumor."Thesearepeoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,"Johnsonsaid.
Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.Thenwecanfocusonourjobsinsteadofjustworrying.
Thereareotherexamplesofteam"clowns".OneexampleisthejourneytotheSouthPoleledbyNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsen.Itwasadifficultjourneyfullofdanger.AdolfLindstrom,acookatAmundsen'steam,wasa"clown".Hemadepeoplelaughthroughthewholejourney.AmundsenlaterwrotethatLindstromwasthemostvaluablememberoftheteam.
Butifyou'rehopingthatyourfavoriteTVcomedianwillflytoMars,thatprobablywon'thappen.
"Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,"Johnsonsaid."Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer."
Besides,theymustbeintopphysicalcondition.
（1）WhatisNASA'snewjoblisting?
A. Afunnyengineer.
B. Atalentedclown.
C. Agoodcook.
D. Apopularcomedian.
（2）Whatdoes"aconfinedspace"inParagraph3referto?
A. afullspace
B. anemptyspace
C. anopenspace
D. asmallspace.
（3）Howdoestheauthorthinkhumorcanhelpastronauts?
A. Itcanstopthemfromfeelingbored. B. Itcanpromoteteamworkonamission.
C. Itcanmakethemfeellesshomesick.
D. Itcanhelpthemknowthemselvesbetter.
（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeofgivingtheexampleofthecook?
A. Totellusthatwhatexplorerseatontheirjourneyisveryimportant.
B. Toprovethatanamateurcanplayamoreimportantrolethanaprofessional.
C. Tomakethepointthathumorouspeoplecancheerpeopleupindifficultsituations.
D. TorevealthatamissiontoMarsismoredifficultthanajourneytotheSouthPole.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由美国宇航局寻找一位幽默的工程师来和宇航员一起执行航天任务介绍了幽默对宇航员的重要作用。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的“‘Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,’Johnsonsaid.‘Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer.’”可知，美国宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程师，故选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。
根据第三段中的“suchasonamissiontoMars,”可知，与在地球上生活的宽广空间不同，在火星任务中，你需要和其他人一起在狭小的航天器内生活很长一段时间，由此可知画线词词义为“狭小的空间、有限的空间”，故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Theseare.peoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,”可知，幽默的人有能力把每个人都团结在一起，也就是说幽默能够促进宇航员在任务中的团队合作，故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.”可知，在压力大的情况下，幽默是一种减压的方式，第六段第一句话又说有很多团队小丑的例子，紧接着举厨师的例子就是为了证明这一点，即：
幽默的人能使人在困难的情况下振作起来，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Avideoofathree-year-oldgirlbeingkickedbyherownmotherduringaphotoshotwentviral（疯狂传播）onThursday,indicatingChina'sunderperformaneeinregulatingtheemergingchildmodelingindustry.
Thegirl,knownasNiuNiu,wasphysicallyabusedbyhermotherinseveralvideos.ThevideoshaveannoyedChinesemediaandInternetusersalike.Manynetizensandscholarscallforlocalauthoritiestocarryoutfurtherinvestigationsintopossiblechildabuse.
Inresponsetothepublicoutcry（强烈抗议）,NiuNiu'smotherissuedanapologyviaSinaWeiboonThursday,condemningaccusationsofabuse.Shenotedthatshewasmerelyguidingherdaughterforbettershotsandthegirliswelllookedafter.
Despiteherapology,manyE-shopswhichusedNiuNiu'simagesforbrandpromotionhavecanceledtheircooperationwiththemother,whileover110well-knownchildgarmentshopsonTaobaohavesignedupforacampaigntoprovidebetterprotectionforchildmodels.
"Itisnecessarytoadoptcomprehensivelawsandregulationstofurtherprotectthekids,preventingtheirparentsandcompaniesfromexploiting（利用）them,"FangZhiqing,alawyerandchildprotectionexpert,said.
NiuNiuisnotalone.InZhili,asmalltowninZhejiangprovince,thousandsofchildrenfromacrossChinaaretakenherebytheirparentstoseizethechanceoffame.Withapopulationof450,000.Zhilihasover13,000manufacturersofchildclothing.In2017,thetownearnedover7billionyuanbysellingdothingforchildrenonline,thusprovidingopportunitiesforchildmodels.
"China'scurrentadvertisementlawisn'tworkablewhenitcomestotheindustryofchildmodeling,
升级会员 