stepbystep3000第二册unit10答案doc.docx

stepbystep3000第二册unit10答案doc.docx

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stepbystep3000第二册unit10答案doc

step-by-step-3000第二册unit10答案

Unit10

PartIwarmingup

A

Firstofall,locatethegateatthebottomofthepage.Whenyouwalkintothecompound,thefirstbuildingonyourrightistheOut-PatientDepartment

（2）,thefirstonyourleftistheEmergencyDepartment

（1）.IfyouwanttogotothePhysiciansDepartment,takethefirstturnontheleftandwalkstraightahead.You’llseeafountainspring.Passbyitandwalkinthesamedirection,you’llseethePhysicianDepartment（5）.IfyouwanttogetyourbloodtestedintheLaboratory,walkstraightalongtheMainRoaduntilyoureacharoundabout.Turnleftfromtheroundaboutandwalkafewminutes.TaketherightturnandthefirstbuildingcomingintoyoursightistheLaboratory（8）.AnotherbuildingontheX-rayDepartment（9）.Ifyouturnleftfromtheroundaboutandwalkaheaduntilyoureachtheendoftheroad,youwillseetheEye,Ear,andThroatDepartment（6）.ThebuildingnexttoittothenorthistheDentalDepartment（7）.Ifyouwanttovisityourrelativesorfriendswhoarehospitalized,yougot

diabetes

Driveoroperatemachinery

Discontinueuseandconsultyourphysician

Chroniccough

Remembertocheckthedosagebeforeyoutakethismedicine.Adultstwelveyearsoldandovertaketwoteaspoonfuls,butdonotexceedfifteenteaspoonfulsperday.Childrensixyearsoldtotwelvetakehalfoftheadultdosage,butdonotexceedseventeaspoonfulsperday.

Andherearethewarningsyoushouldkeepinmind.Donotexceedtherecommendeddosageunlessdirectedbyaphysician.Donotadministertochildrenundersixyearsoldortoindividualswithhighbloodpressure,heartdisease,ordiabetes.Thispreparationmanycausedrowsiness.Donotdriveoroperatemachinerywhiletakingthismedication.Chroniccoughisdangerous.Ifreliefdoesnotoccurwithinthreedays,discontinueuseandconsultyourphysician.

C:

Reducingriskofdevelopinglungcancer

Walkinggoodeffectonheart

Healthproblems

Fresh,naturalfood

Life-enhancingandlife-elongating

Ahealthierbeing.

Teacontainsnaturalchemicals.Thesechemicalsblocktheactionofsomesubstancesproducedinthebodiesthatcausecancer.Teacontainsthesamesubstancesinfruitsandvegetables.Drinkingteacouldprotectpeople’shealth.

Cigarettesmokersofanyagereducetheirriskofdevelopinglungcancerwhentheystopsmoking.Itisnevertoolatetostopsmoking.

Walkinghasagoodeffectontheheartbecauseitreducesbloodpressure,bloodsugarandbloodcholesterollevel.Itisnevertoolatetostartexercising.

Vitaminsarenecessaryforgoodhealth.However,extremelylargeamountsofsomevitaminsmaycausehealthproblems.Itisfarbettertogetvitaminsfromeatingfresh,naturalfoodthanfromtakingvitaminpills

Laughterisoneofthemostwonderfulrelease.Itreleasesthechemicalthatislife-enhancingandlife-elongating.Ithealswoundsandpromotesahealthierbeing.

D:

Theyhavefoundthatfatnesscanspreadformpersontopersoninsocialgroups.

Afriend/a57%increasedchance

upto4%ofadultsandupto8%ofyoungchildren

Theycanresultintroublebreathingandinsomecasesdeath.

extremeheat

Thenighttimetemperaturedoesnotdropmuchfromthehighestdaytimetemperatureandthiscausesgreatstressonthehumanbody

torestforashortperiodinthemiddleoftheday

Onestudyfoundthatpersonswhosleepfroafewminutesduringthedaywerelesslikelytodieofheartdisease.

Researcherssaytheyhavefoundthatfatnesscanspreadfrompersontopersoninsocialgroups.Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendsoftengainweight,too.ThestudywaspublishedlastmonthintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine.Thestudyshowedthatwhenapersonbecomesseverelyoverweight,thereisa57%increasedchancethatoneoftheirfriendswillbe,too.Asisterorbrotheroftheoverweightpersonhasa40%increasedchanceofbecomingfat.Theincreasedriskforawifeorhusbandisalittlelessthanthat.

2.intheUnitedStates,expertsestimatethatupto4%ofadultsandupto8%ofyoungchildrenhavefoodallergies.Everyyeartheseallergiescauseabout30，000casesofanaphylaxis,aseverreactionthatrequiresimmediatetreatment.Itcanresultintroublebreathingandinsomecasesdeath.TheNationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseasessay100to200peopledie.Itsaysmostofthereactionsresultedfrompeanutsandtreenutssuchaswalnuts.

3.floods,stormsandothernaturaleventskillthousandsofpeopleeveryyear.Sodoesextremeheat.Expertssayheatmaybenature’sdeadliestkiller.Recently,extremeheatwasblamedforkillingmorethan100peopleinIndia.Daytimetemperaturesrosetomorethan45degreesCelsiusinsomeareas.OnJuneeleventh,thetemperatureinonedeserttownhit51degrees.Expertssaythetotalheatofahotdayorseveraldayscanaffecthealth.Severalhotdaysareconsideredaheatwave.Expertssayheatwavesoftenbecomedangerouswhenthenighttimetemperaturedoesnotdropmuchformthehighestdaytimetemperature.Thiscausesgreatstressonthehumanbody.

4.medicalexpertssaymostAmericansdonotgetenoughsleep.TheysaymoreAmericansneedtorestforashortperiodinthemiddleoftheday.Theyareadvisingpeopletosleeplightlybeforecontinuingwithotheractivities.Onestudyearlierthisyearfoundthatpersonswhosleepforafewminutesduringthedaywerelesslikelytodieofheartdisease.Thestudyfollowedmorethan23,000Greekadultsforabout6years.Adultsswhorestedforhalfanhouratleastthreetimesaweekhada37%lowerriskofdyingformheartdiseasethanthosewhodidnotnap.

PartII

B

67%ofAmericansquestioned

Washtheirhandsafterusingapublicrestroom

Reducingthespreadofinfectiousdiseases

Colds,influenza,throatandearinfections,foodpoisoning,cholera,hepatitis

Apublicinformationcampaign

Soapandhotwaterforatleast15seconds.

听力原文：

Healthexpertssaywashingyourhandsreducesthespreadofvirusesandotherorganismsthatcausedisease.Thisadvicemaysoundsimple.Howeverexpertssayalotofpeopledonotfollowit.

ArecentstudyfoundthatmanyAmericansfailtowashtheirhandsafterusingpublictoilets.Morethan95%ofAmericansquestionedsaidtheyalwayswashtheirhandsafterusingpublicrestrooms.However,thestudyfoundthatonly67%ofthemactuallydoso.ThestudyalsofoundthatAmericanmenarelesslikelythanwomentowashtheirhandsaftersuingapublicrestroom.

TheAmericanSocietyforMicrobiologyannouncedthefindings.JudyDalyworksforthegroup.Sheadmitsthathandwashingmayseemanunusualsubjecttostudy.Butshesayshandwashingisaveryseriousissue.Expertssayhandwashingisthesimplestandmosteffectivewaytoreducethespreadofinfectiousdiseases.

Infectionscanspreadbytouchingsurfacesthathaveharmfulorganismsonthem.Shakinghandswithanotherpersonalsocanspreadinfection.Harmfulbacteriamayenteryourbodyifyoutouchyourmouth,noseoreyes.

Amongthemostcommoninfectionsspreadbyhandarecolds,influenza,andthroatandearinfections.Inaddition,millionsoffoodpoisoningcaseseachyearareblamedonpeoplewhopreparefoodwhodonotwashtheirhands.Moreseriousdiseaseslikecholeraandhepatitisarespreadthisway,too.

Manypatientsinhospitalsalsogetinfections.Somediefromthem.Thespreadofinfectionsoftenisblamedonhealthworkerswhodonotwashtheirhandsaftertreatingpatients.

TheAmericanSocietyofMicrobiologyhaslaunchedapublicinformationcampaigntogetmorepeopletowashtheirhands.Expertssayfollowingthecorrectmethodisimportant.Youshouldwashyourhandswithsoapandhotwaterforatleast15seconds.

Modification

PartIII

A

1.thelung,breast,liver,mouth

2.a.smoking

b.alcoholuse

e.physicalinactivity

g.indoorsmoke

h.injections

Iunsafesex.

B

1.2.5million/9factorsthatpeoplecancontrol

3.1/3/unhealthylifestyleandenvironmentalexposures

5.twice

6.preventablecancers.

1.lifestyleandenvironmentalmodification

2.riskfactorreduction

听力原文

U.S.,Australasian,andNewZealandscientistsreportinthejournalLancetthatninefactorsthatpeopleandsocietiescancontrolcausenearly2.5millioncancercaseseachyear.Thatisabout1/3ofthesevenmillionannualglobaltotal.

Theseincludecanersofthelung,breast,bladder,cervix,liver,pancreas,mouthanddigestivetract.

Leadingthelistofcausesissmoking,whichtheresearcherssayisresponsiblefor20%ofpreventablecancers.Alcoholsuseandlowconsumptionoffruitsandvegetablecauseanother5%each.Alsosignificantareoverweightandobesity,physicalinactivity,urbanairpollution,indoorsmokefromhouseholdcooking,contaminatedinjectionsinhealthclinics,andunsafesex.

Oneofthestudy’sco-authors,HarvardUniversitypublichealthresearcherMajidEzzati,saysthestatisticsreflectdataoncancerdeathsin2001.Heexpectsanincreaseintheproportionofdeathfromtheseriskfactors.

“Theestimatesthatwehavearelookingatwhathappenstodayasaresultofpastexposure.Soone-thirdofcancerdeathstodaywouldhavebeenavoidedhadtheselifestyleandenvironmentalexposuresnotbeenpresent.Ifweweretospeculateaboutthefuture,wecouldactuallysaymorethanoneineverythreecancerdeathscouldbeavoidedbecausethingssuchassmokingactuallyhavebeengoingupinmanycountriesintheworld,soweactuallyhaven’tseenthefulleffectsofityet.”

Thenewstudyfindsthatdevelopingcountrieshadmorethantwiceasmanypreventablecancerdeathsasrichnations.Amongthedevelopingregions,EasternEurop