度北京学位英语真命题及标准答案.docx

度北京学位英语真命题及标准答案.docx

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度北京学位英语真命题及标准答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2015.05.09

　　PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

　　Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

　　Passage1

　　Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Babieswhoarebreast-fedmaybemorelikelytobesuccessfulinlife,anewstudypublishedTuesdaysuggests.

星期二公布的一项新的研究表明，母乳喂养的婴儿更有可能在生活中成功。

Thestudyfollowedmorethan3,000babiesintoadulthoodinBrazil.

该研究跟踪了在巴西的超过3000个孩子到成年。

Theresearchersfoundthosewhowerebreast-fedscoredslightlyhigherinintelligencetestsintheir30s,stayedinschoollongerandearnedmoremoneythanthosewhoweregivenformula（配方奶粉）.

研究员发现那些母乳喂养的人在他们30岁时智力测试得分略高，比那些被给予配方奶粉的人待在学校更长，挣得钱更多。

我们这项研究第一次发现延长母乳喂养的时间不仅能够提高孩子在30岁以前的智商，而且能够影响孩子的教育程度以及未来的收入情况，这直接决定了孩子将来的个人水平与社会地位

“Breast-feedingnotonlyhasshort-termbenefits,butalsobreast-feedinghaslong-termbenefits,"saysBernardoLessaHortaoftheFederalUniversityofPelotasinBrazil,wholedthestudybeingpublishedinTheLancetGlobalHealth.

巴西佩洛塔斯联邦大学的伯纳多·莱萨·奥塔博士说：

“母乳喂养不仅有短期收益，而且母乳喂养更有长期收益”，他领导的这项研究被发表在《柳叶刀全球健康》

（76）Doctorshavelongknownthatbreast-feedingcanbegoodforababy’shealth.

医生早就知道母乳喂养能够对婴儿的健康有益。

Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherewatercanbecontaminated.

这个在贫穷的国家尤其真实，那里的水可能被污染了。

Forinstance,ababygivenformulaindevelopingcountriesis14timesmorelikelytodieinthefirstsixmonthsthanonewho’sbreast-fed.

例如,在发展中国家一个被给予配方奶粉的婴儿在最初的六个月可能死亡是另一个母乳喂养的婴儿的14倍。

IntheU.S.,someresearchhassuggestedthatbreast-feedingmayraiseababy’sIQ（智商）byafewpoints.

Butarecentstudywithsiblings（兄弟姐妹）foundlittleadvantagetobreast-feeding.

　　Hortasaysthesepreviousstudiesdidn’tfollowchildrenintoadulthoodtoseeifbreast-feedinghadlong-termeffects.SoHortaanalyzeddatacollectedfrom3,493volunteersheandhiscolleagueshavebeenfollowingsincebirth.Theyarenowintheir30s.First,theresearchersgavethesubjectsIQtests.Thosewhowerebreast-fedfor12monthsormorehadIQtestscoresthatwere3.76pointshigherthanthosewhowerebreast-fedforlessthanonemonth,theteamfound.

WhenHortaandhiscolleagueslookedathowmucheducationthesubjectshadgottenandhowmuchmoneytheyweremaking,theyalsofoundacleardifference:

Thosewhowerebreast-fedthelongeststayedinschoolforaboutanextrayearandhadmonthlysalariesthatwereaboutathirdhigher.

　　1.Fromthepassage,welearnthatHorta_______________.

　　A.isfromBrazil

　　B.conductshisresearchintheU.S.

　　C.has30researchersonhisteam

　　D.iswell-knownindevelopingcountries

　　2.Whichofthefollowingaboutthosewhowerebreast-fedisNOTmentioned?

　　A.TheystayedlongerinschoolB.Theywerehappier

　　C.TheyweresmarterD.Theymademoremoney

　　3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

　　A.Doctorsdon’tunderstandthebenefitsofbreast-feeding.

　　B.Hortaisconcernedwithwatercontaminationinpoorcountries.

　　C.Horta’sresearchprojectlastedabout30years

　　D.Breast-feedingistheonlywaytoimproveababy’shealth

　　4.ThewordcontaminatedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto____.

　　A.finishedB.interestedC.clearedD.polluted

　　5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

　　A.ResearchersHavePointedOuttheDisadvantagesofBreast-feeding

　　B.ResearchersHaveFoundOuttheShortcomingsofFormula

　　C.Breast-feedingImprovesChancesofSuccess

　　D.Breast-feedingBenefitsBothMotherandBaby

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　MaggieWalkerwasbornin1867inRichmond,Virginia.Hermotherwasonceaslaveinarichwoman’shouse.WhenMaggiewasveryyoung,athiefkilledherfather.Herfamilywasimpoverished,soMaggie'smotherstarteddoinglaundryinherhome.Maggiehadtohelpher.Shewashedclotheseveryday,butshecontinuedtogotoschool.Shewasaverygoodstudent,especiallyinmath.

AfterMaggiegraduatedfromhighschool,shegotajobasateacher.In1886,shemarriedArmisteadWalker.TheyhadtwosonsandMaggiestayedhometocareforthem.ShealsovolunteeredtohelpasocialorganizationcalledtheOrderofSt.Luke.ThisorganizationhelpedAfricanAmericanstakecareofthesickandburythedead.MaggieWalkerlovedtheworkoftheorganization.TheorganizationbelievedthatAfricanAmericansshouldtakecareofeachother.

　　Overtheyears,MaggieWalkerhadmoreandmoreresponsibilitieswiththeorganization.In1895,shesuggestedthatSt.Lukebeginaprogramforyoungpeople.（77）Thisprogrambecameverypopularwithschoolchildren.In1899,WalkbecameGrandSecretaryTreasureroftheSt.Lukeorganization.However,becauseshewasawoman,shereceivedlessthanhalfthesalaryofthemanwhohadthejobbeforeher.

　　TheOrderofSt.LukehadalotoffinancialdifficultieswhenWalkertookover.Ithadalotofunpaidbillsandonly$31.61inthebank.ButsoonMaggieWalkerchangedallofthat.（78）HerideawastogetnewmemberstojointheOrganization.Injustafewyears,itgrewfrom3,400membersto50,000members.Theorganizationboughta$100,000officebuildingandincreaseditsstaffto55.NowWalkerwasreadyforhernextbigstep.

　　6.Maggie’sfatherdied____________.

A.whenshefinishedhighschool

B.beforeshewasborn

C.whenshewasveryyoung

D.aftershegotmarried　　　　

　　7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

A.Maggiehadtwochildren.

B.Maggiewasonceaslave.

C.Maggiewasgoodatmath.

D.Maggietaughtforawhile.

　　8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

　　A.MaggielovedtohelpotherAfricanAmericans.

　　B.Maggiewasverypopularwithschoolteachers.

　　C.MaggiewasthefounderoftheOrderofSt.Luke.

　　D.MaggiewasbetterpaidthanmenasGrandSecretaryTreasurer.

9.ThewordimpoverishedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.difficultB.richC.famousD.poor

　　10.AfterParagraph4,theauthorwillprobablytalkaboutMaggie’s__________________

　　A.educationB.nextprojectC.payD.childhood

　　Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

WhenBilldeBlasioranforNewYorkCitymayorlastyear,hepromisedtoendacontroversial（有争议的）,citywidecell-phoneban（禁令）inpublicschools,whichisnotequallyenforcedinallschools.Now,underhisleadership,thecityispreparingtoendtheban.Itwillbereplacedbyapolicythatallowsphonesinsideschoolsbuttellsstudentstokeepthempackedawayduringclass.

　　Manyschoolshavearuleaboutenforcingthebanthatsays,“Ifwedon'tseeit,wedon’tknowaboutit.”ThatmeansteachersareOKwithstudentsbringingincellphones,aslongastheystayoutofsightandinsidebagsandpockets.

　　Butatthe88cityschoolswithmetaldetectors,diebanhasbeenstrictlyenforced.Thedetectorswereinstalledtokeepweaponoutofschools，butthescanners（扫描器）canalsodetectcellphones.Sostudentsattheseschoolsmustleavetheirphonesathomeorpaysomeonetostoreitforthem.

　　Thebanwasputintoplacein2007undermayorMichaelBloomberg.Endingthebanwillalsolikelyendanindustrythathassprungupneardozensoftheschoolsthatenforcetheban.Workersinvans（厢式货车）thatresemblefoodtracksstoreteens’cellphonesandOtherdevicesforadollaraday,

　　（79）Criticsofthebansaycellphonesareimportantsafetydevicesforkidsduringanemergency.Theyalsosaythatenforcementofthebanisunevenanddiscriminatory.Wherethebanisenforced,itputsadisadvantageonstudentswhocan’taffordtopaytostoretheirphones.

　　Beforeputtinganofficialendtothecell-phoneban,cityeducationofficialsareworkingoncreatinganewpolicy.（80）Itwillincluderulesaboutnotusingthephonesduringclassortocheatontests.

　　11.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?

　　A.NewYorkCitywillgivefinancialaidtopoorstudents.

　　B.NewYorkCityplanstorestrictcellphoneuseinlibraries.

　　C.NewYorkCityplanstoinstallmetaldetectorsinallpublicschools.

　　D.NewYorkCitywillsoonendabanoncellphonesinschools.

　　12.Studentspay______adaytoleavetheircellphonesinavanparkedneartheirschool.

　　A.adollarsB.twodollarsC.fivedollarsD.tendollars

　　13.Metaldetectorswereinstalledin88cityschools,mainlytokeep_______outofschools.

　　A.cellphonesB.weaponsC.alcoholD.drugs

　　14.TheworddiscriminatoryinParagraph5probablymeans________.

　　A.necessaryB.toughC.strictD.unfair

　　15.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

　　A.Afterthecell-phonebanisended,studentscanusetheirphonesduringclass.

　　B.Thecell-phonebanisequallyenforcedinallpublicschools.

　　C.Thecell-phonebanwasputintoplacein2008underMayorBilldeBlasio.

D.Aphone-storageindustryhasappearedoutsidethe88metal-detectorcampuses.

　　PartIIVocabularyandStructure（30%）

　　Directions:

Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackentheCorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

　　16.A:

Excuseme,sir.Butcanyoutellmeifthereishotelnearhere?

　　B:

Eh…thereisoneatthestreetcomer,twoblocksaway.

　　A:

Thankyouverymuch!

　　B:

_________!

　　A.Nicetoseeyou!

B.Pardonme.

　　C.You’rewelcome.D.Iagree.

　　17.Itoftentakessometimeforanewcoupleto________toeachother’swaswayoflife.

　　A.referB.listenC.amountD.adjust

　　18.Milktu