度北京学位英语真命题及标准答案.docx
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度北京学位英语真命题及标准答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2015.05.09
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Babieswhoarebreast-fedmaybemorelikelytobesuccessfulinlife,anewstudypublishedTuesdaysuggests.
星期二公布的一项新的研究表明,母乳喂养的婴儿更有可能在生活中成功。
Thestudyfollowedmorethan3,000babiesintoadulthoodinBrazil.
该研究跟踪了在巴西的超过3000个孩子到成年。
Theresearchersfoundthosewhowerebreast-fedscoredslightlyhigherinintelligencetestsintheir30s,stayedinschoollongerandearnedmoremoneythanthosewhoweregivenformula(配方奶粉).
研究员发现那些母乳喂养的人在他们30岁时智力测试得分略高,比那些被给予配方奶粉的人待在学校更长,挣得钱更多。
我们这项研究第一次发现延长母乳喂养的时间不仅能够提高孩子在30岁以前的智商,而且能够影响孩子的教育程度以及未来的收入情况,这直接决定了孩子将来的个人水平与社会地位
“Breast-feedingnotonlyhasshort-termbenefits,butalsobreast-feedinghaslong-termbenefits,"saysBernardoLessaHortaoftheFederalUniversityofPelotasinBrazil,wholedthestudybeingpublishedinTheLancetGlobalHealth.
巴西佩洛塔斯联邦大学的伯纳多·莱萨·奥塔博士说:
“母乳喂养不仅有短期收益,而且母乳喂养更有长期收益”,他领导的这项研究被发表在《柳叶刀全球健康》
(76)Doctorshavelongknownthatbreast-feedingcanbegoodforababy’shealth.
医生早就知道母乳喂养能够对婴儿的健康有益。
Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherewatercanbecontaminated.
这个在贫穷的国家尤其真实,那里的水可能被污染了。
Forinstance,ababygivenformulaindevelopingcountriesis14timesmorelikelytodieinthefirstsixmonthsthanonewho’sbreast-fed.
例如,在发展中国家一个被给予配方奶粉的婴儿在最初的六个月可能死亡是另一个母乳喂养的婴儿的14倍。
IntheU.S.,someresearchhassuggestedthatbreast-feedingmayraiseababy’sIQ(智商)byafewpoints.
Butarecentstudywithsiblings(兄弟姐妹)foundlittleadvantagetobreast-feeding.
Hortasaysthesepreviousstudiesdidn’tfollowchildrenintoadulthoodtoseeifbreast-feedinghadlong-termeffects.SoHortaanalyzeddatacollectedfrom3,493volunteersheandhiscolleagueshavebeenfollowingsincebirth.Theyarenowintheir30s.First,theresearchersgavethesubjectsIQtests.Thosewhowerebreast-fedfor12monthsormorehadIQtestscoresthatwere3.76pointshigherthanthosewhowerebreast-fedforlessthanonemonth,theteamfound.
WhenHortaandhiscolleagueslookedathowmucheducationthesubjectshadgottenandhowmuchmoneytheyweremaking,theyalsofoundacleardifference:
Thosewhowerebreast-fedthelongeststayedinschoolforaboutanextrayearandhadmonthlysalariesthatwereaboutathirdhigher.
1.Fromthepassage,welearnthatHorta_______________.
A.isfromBrazil
B.conductshisresearchintheU.S.
C.has30researchersonhisteam
D.iswell-knownindevelopingcountries
2.Whichofthefollowingaboutthosewhowerebreast-fedisNOTmentioned?
A.TheystayedlongerinschoolB.Theywerehappier
C.TheyweresmarterD.Theymademoremoney
3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Doctorsdon’tunderstandthebenefitsofbreast-feeding.
B.Hortaisconcernedwithwatercontaminationinpoorcountries.
C.Horta’sresearchprojectlastedabout30years
D.Breast-feedingistheonlywaytoimproveababy’shealth
4.ThewordcontaminatedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto____.
A.finishedB.interestedC.clearedD.polluted
5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
A.ResearchersHavePointedOuttheDisadvantagesofBreast-feeding
B.ResearchersHaveFoundOuttheShortcomingsofFormula
C.Breast-feedingImprovesChancesofSuccess
D.Breast-feedingBenefitsBothMotherandBaby
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
MaggieWalkerwasbornin1867inRichmond,Virginia.Hermotherwasonceaslaveinarichwoman’shouse.WhenMaggiewasveryyoung,athiefkilledherfather.Herfamilywasimpoverished,soMaggie'smotherstarteddoinglaundryinherhome.Maggiehadtohelpher.Shewashedclotheseveryday,butshecontinuedtogotoschool.Shewasaverygoodstudent,especiallyinmath.
AfterMaggiegraduatedfromhighschool,shegotajobasateacher.In1886,shemarriedArmisteadWalker.TheyhadtwosonsandMaggiestayedhometocareforthem.ShealsovolunteeredtohelpasocialorganizationcalledtheOrderofSt.Luke.ThisorganizationhelpedAfricanAmericanstakecareofthesickandburythedead.MaggieWalkerlovedtheworkoftheorganization.TheorganizationbelievedthatAfricanAmericansshouldtakecareofeachother.
Overtheyears,MaggieWalkerhadmoreandmoreresponsibilitieswiththeorganization.In1895,shesuggestedthatSt.Lukebeginaprogramforyoungpeople.(77)Thisprogrambecameverypopularwithschoolchildren.In1899,WalkbecameGrandSecretaryTreasureroftheSt.Lukeorganization.However,becauseshewasawoman,shereceivedlessthanhalfthesalaryofthemanwhohadthejobbeforeher.
TheOrderofSt.LukehadalotoffinancialdifficultieswhenWalkertookover.Ithadalotofunpaidbillsandonly$31.61inthebank.ButsoonMaggieWalkerchangedallofthat.(78)HerideawastogetnewmemberstojointheOrganization.Injustafewyears,itgrewfrom3,400membersto50,000members.Theorganizationboughta$100,000officebuildingandincreaseditsstaffto55.NowWalkerwasreadyforhernextbigstep.
6.Maggie’sfatherdied____________.
A.whenshefinishedhighschool
B.beforeshewasborn
C.whenshewasveryyoung
D.aftershegotmarried
7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?
A.Maggiehadtwochildren.
B.Maggiewasonceaslave.
C.Maggiewasgoodatmath.
D.Maggietaughtforawhile.
8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.MaggielovedtohelpotherAfricanAmericans.
B.Maggiewasverypopularwithschoolteachers.
C.MaggiewasthefounderoftheOrderofSt.Luke.
D.MaggiewasbetterpaidthanmenasGrandSecretaryTreasurer.
9.ThewordimpoverishedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_______.
A.difficultB.richC.famousD.poor
10.AfterParagraph4,theauthorwillprobablytalkaboutMaggie’s__________________
A.educationB.nextprojectC.payD.childhood
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
WhenBilldeBlasioranforNewYorkCitymayorlastyear,hepromisedtoendacontroversial(有争议的),citywidecell-phoneban(禁令)inpublicschools,whichisnotequallyenforcedinallschools.Now,underhisleadership,thecityispreparingtoendtheban.Itwillbereplacedbyapolicythatallowsphonesinsideschoolsbuttellsstudentstokeepthempackedawayduringclass.
Manyschoolshavearuleaboutenforcingthebanthatsays,“Ifwedon'tseeit,wedon’tknowaboutit.”ThatmeansteachersareOKwithstudentsbringingincellphones,aslongastheystayoutofsightandinsidebagsandpockets.
Butatthe88cityschoolswithmetaldetectors,diebanhasbeenstrictlyenforced.Thedetectorswereinstalledtokeepweaponoutofschools,butthescanners(扫描器)canalsodetectcellphones.Sostudentsattheseschoolsmustleavetheirphonesathomeorpaysomeonetostoreitforthem.
Thebanwasputintoplacein2007undermayorMichaelBloomberg.Endingthebanwillalsolikelyendanindustrythathassprungupneardozensoftheschoolsthatenforcetheban.Workersinvans(厢式货车)thatresemblefoodtracksstoreteens’cellphonesandOtherdevicesforadollaraday,
(79)Criticsofthebansaycellphonesareimportantsafetydevicesforkidsduringanemergency.Theyalsosaythatenforcementofthebanisunevenanddiscriminatory.Wherethebanisenforced,itputsadisadvantageonstudentswhocan’taffordtopaytostoretheirphones.
Beforeputtinganofficialendtothecell-phoneban,cityeducationofficialsareworkingoncreatinganewpolicy.(80)Itwillincluderulesaboutnotusingthephonesduringclassortocheatontests.
11.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.NewYorkCitywillgivefinancialaidtopoorstudents.
B.NewYorkCityplanstorestrictcellphoneuseinlibraries.
C.NewYorkCityplanstoinstallmetaldetectorsinallpublicschools.
D.NewYorkCitywillsoonendabanoncellphonesinschools.
12.Studentspay______adaytoleavetheircellphonesinavanparkedneartheirschool.
A.adollarsB.twodollarsC.fivedollarsD.tendollars
13.Metaldetectorswereinstalledin88cityschools,mainlytokeep_______outofschools.
A.cellphonesB.weaponsC.alcoholD.drugs
14.TheworddiscriminatoryinParagraph5probablymeans________.
A.necessaryB.toughC.strictD.unfair
15.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.Afterthecell-phonebanisended,studentscanusetheirphonesduringclass.
B.Thecell-phonebanisequallyenforcedinallpublicschools.
C.Thecell-phonebanwasputintoplacein2008underMayorBilldeBlasio.
D.Aphone-storageindustryhasappearedoutsidethe88metal-detectorcampuses.
PartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)
Directions:
Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackentheCorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
16.A:
Excuseme,sir.Butcanyoutellmeifthereishotelnearhere?
B:
Eh…thereisoneatthestreetcomer,twoblocksaway.
A:
Thankyouverymuch!
B:
_________!
A.Nicetoseeyou!
B.Pardonme.
C.You’rewelcome.D.Iagree.
17.Itoftentakessometimeforanewcoupleto________toeachother’swaswayoflife.
A.referB.listenC.amountD.adjust
18.Milktu