英语必修5课件.docx

英语必修5课件.docx

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英语必修5课件

英语必修5课件

　　1.Targetlanguage目标语言

　　重点词汇与短语

　　suggest,persuade,observation,contributions,achieve,devote...to

　　2.Abilitygoals能力目标

　　Enablethestudentstolearnthewayofpersuasivewritinganddescriptivewriting.

　　3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标

　　Learnhowtowriteapersuasivewritingandadescriptivewriting.

　　Teachingimportantpoints教学重点

　　Helpthestudentstolearntowriteapersuasivewritingandareport.

　　Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点

　　Howtowriteareportaboutascientistandhis/herjob.

　　Teachingmethods教学方法

　　Task-basedactivities.

　　Teachingaids教具准备

　　Acomputerandaprojector.

　　Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方式

　　StepⅠPresentation

　　Task1:

Summarizethewayofwritingareport.

　　T:

Nowclass,ifwewanttowriteareportaboutascientist,whatcontentsshouldweinclude?

　　S1:

Thelifeofthescientist,suchashisbirthanddeathdates,hisfamily,hiseducation,hispersonality,hisachievementsandcontributions,hiskeyfactorstohissuccess.

　　T:

Yes.Youareright.Andhowdowemakeanoutlineaboutit?

　　S2:

Weshouldputthecollectedinformationunderthreeheadlines:

life,achievementsandkeytosuccess.

　　Task2:

Remindthestudentsofthewritingtechniquesandwritingfeaturesofareport.

　　Showthefollowingtothestudents.

　　Report

　　Formallanguagewithfewadjectives

　　Nospeechexceptquotations

　　Notemotional

　　Onlyonemaincharacter

　　Factualstructuredaccordingtoexperimentalmethod

　　Pasttenseandpassivevoice

　　Task3:

Summarizethewayofpersuasivewriting.

　　T:

Youknowifwewanttopersuadesb,wealwayswanttoreasonwithhimorher.Wemustdevelopourownideasandprovidesomeevidencetosupportourideassotherearealwaysthreestepstopersuadesomebodyelsetochangehisorherpointofview.Canyoupointoutwhatthethreestepsare?

　　S1:

Ithinkthefirstistogiveyouropinionandidea.

　　S2:

Thesecondistogivethereasonsandevidencetosupportyouridea.

　　S3:

Thethirdistomakeaconclusion.

　　Showthefollowingtothestudents.

　　Apersuasivewriting

　　Formalorinformal,vividuseoflanguage

　　Speechtoshowfeelings,reactions,etc

　　Emotionalornotemotionaltodescribefeelingsandfacts

　　Onlytwomaincharacters

　　Factualorimaginativebasedonfact

　　Reasonandpersuadestepbystep

　　Presenttense

　　ThenaskthestudentstowriteashortletterasrequiredinExercise3.

　　Asampleversion:

　　DearNicolausCopernicus,

　　IamastudentstudyinghistoryandIwouldverymuchliketoreadyournewtheoryaboutthesolarsystem.Ihopeyouwillpublishitforseveralreasons.Iunderstandtheproblemswiththepresenttheory.Thewaytheplanetsmoveisnotwhatyouwouldexpectiftheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverse.Itisalsooddthatthebrightnessofsomestarsseemstochange.SoIagreewithyouthatweneednewtheory.

　　Iknowyourobservationshavebeenverycarefullycarriedoutovermanyyears.Nowyoumusthavethecouragetopublishthem.Sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs.Iknowyouworryaboutwhatwillhappenifyoupublishyournewtheory.Nomatterhowpeopleopposeit,timewillshowifyourideasarerightorwrong.

　　SoIhopeyoucanpublishyournewtheory.

　　StepⅡWriting

　　Askthestudentstowriteareportaboutascientist.

　　Sampleversions（见附件3,4,5）

　　StepⅢHomework

　　AskthestudentstodotheProjectonpage47.

　　附件

　　1.Howtodoascienceresearch

　　Ascienceprojectisaninvestigationusingthescientificmethodtodiscovertheanswertoascientificproblem.Beforestartingyourproject,youneedtounderstandthescientificmethod.Thissectionusesexamplestoillustrateandexplainthebasicstepsofthescientificmethod.Thescientificmethodisthe“tool”thatscientistsusetofindtheanswerstoquestions.Itistheprocessofthinkingthroughthepossiblesolutionstoaproblemandtestingeachpossibilitytofindthebestsolution.Thescientificmethodinvolvesthefollowingsteps:

doingresearch,identifyingtheproblem,statingahypothesis,con-ductingprojectexperimentation,andreachingaconclusion.

　　Research

　　Researchistheprocessofcollectinginformationfromyourownexperiences,knowledgeablesources,anddatafromexploratoryexperiments.Yourfirstresearchisusedtoselectaprojecttopic.Thisiscalledtopicresearch.Forexample,youobserveablackgrowthonbreadslicesandwonderhowitgotthere.Becauseofthisexperience,youdecidetolearnmoreaboutmoldgrowth.Yourtopicwillbeaboutfungalreproduction.（Fungalreferstoplant-likeorganismscalledfungi,whichcannotmaketheirownfood,andreproductionisthemakingofanewoffspring.）CAUTION:

Ifyouareallergictomold,thisisnotatopicyouwouldinvestigate.Chooseatopicthatissafeforyoutodo.

　　Afteryouhaveselectedatopic,youbeginwhatiscalledprojectresearch.Thisresearchistohelpyouunderstandthetopic,expressaproblem,proposeahypothesis,anddesignoneormoreprojectexperiments—experimentsdesignedtotestthehypothesis.Anexampleofprojectresearchwouldbetoplaceafreshloafofwhitebreadinabreadboxandobservethebreadoveraperiodoftimeasanexploratoryexperiment.Theresultofthisexperimentandotherresearchgiveyoutheneededinformationforthenextstep—identifyingtheproblem.

　　Problem

　　Theproblemisthescientificquestiontobesolved.Itisbestexpressedasan“open-ended”question,whichisaquestionthatisansweredwithastatement,notjustayesorano.

　　Hypothesis

　　Ahypothesisisanideaaboutthesolutiontoaproblem,basedonknowledgeandresearch.Whilethehypothesisisasinglestatement,itisthekeytoasuccessfulproject.

　　Allofyourprojectresearchisdonewiththegoalofexpressingaproblem,proposingananswertoit（thehypothesis）,anddesigningprojectexperimentation.Thenallofyourprojectexperimentingwillbeperformedtotestthehypothesis.

　　Dostatefactsfrompastexperiencesorobservationsonwhichyoubaseyourhypothesis.

　　Dowritedownyourhypothesisbeforebeginningtheprojectexperimentation.

　　Don’tchangeyourhypothesisevenifexperimentationdoesnotsupportit.Iftimepermits,repeatorredesigntheexperimenttoconfirmyourresults.

　　ProjectExperimentation

　　Projectexperimentationistheprocessoftestingahypothesis.Thethingsthathaveaneffectontheexperimentarecalledvariables.Therearethreekindsofvariablesthatyouneedtoidentifyinyourexperiments:

independent,dependent,andcontrolledvariables.

　　Theindependentvariableisthevariableyoupurposelymanipulate（change）.Thedependentvariableisthevariablethatisbeingobserved,whichchangesinresponsetotheindependentvariable.Thevariablesthatarenotchangedarecalledcontrolledvariables.

　　Dohaveonlyoneindependentvariableduringanexperiment.

　　Dorepeattheexperimentmorethanoncetoverifyyourresults.

　　Dohaveacontrol.

　　Dohavemorethanonecontrol,witheachbeingidentical.

　　Doorganizedata.

　　ProjectConclusion

　　Theprojectconclusionisasummaryoftheresultsoftheprojectexperimentationandastatementofhowtheresultsrelatetothehypothesis.

　　Ifyourresultsdonotsupportyourhypothesis:

　　DON’Tchangeyourhypothesis.

　　DON’Tleaveoutexperimentalresultsthatdonotsupportyourhypothesis.

　　DOgivepossiblereasonsforthedifferencebetweenyourhypothesisandtheexperimentalresults.

　　DOgivewaysthatyoucanexperimentfurthertofindasolution.

　　Ifyourresultssupportyourhypothesis:

　　Youmightsay,forexample,“Asstatedinmyhypothesis,Ibelievethatlightisnotnecessaryduringthegerminationofbeanseeds.Myexperimentationsupportstheideathatbeanseedswillgerminatewithoutlight.Aftersevendays,theseedstestedwereseengrowinginfulllightandinnolight.Itispossiblethatsomelightreachedthe‘nolight’containersthatwereplacedinadarkcloset.IfIweretoimproveonthisexperiment,Iwouldplacethe‘nolight’containersinalight-proofboxand/orwraptheminlight-proofmaterial,suchasaluminumfoil.”

　　2.Onwomenscientists:

AspeechintheInternationalWomen’sDay

　　Womenthouhastencircledtheworld’sheartwiththedepthofthytearsastheseahastheearth.

　　Womeninyourlaughteryouhavethemusicofthefountainoflife.

　　Themessageisclear;itisinspiringandpresentsadeepphilosophy.Womenwouldbethechangeagentinthisfastmovingworld’ssocio-economicscenario.

　　WehaveassembledheretodaytocelebratetheInternationalWomen’sDayandalsotheYearofEmpowermentofWomen.

　　...

　　MadamCuriewhogottheNobelPrizejustaftertwoyearsofestablishmentoftheNobelFoundation—firstin1903inPhysicswhensheshareditandthenthesecondonein1911inChemistry,createdahistorybywinningtwoNobelPrizesinaspanof8years.Iamsure,thegrouphereisawareofthedifficultconditionsandlaboratoryarrangementsunderwhichsheworkedandyet,sheexcelled.

　　BiotechnologistscanneverforgettheworkofDorothyCrowfootHodgkinonCrystallographyleadingtothestructureoftheimportantbiologicalcrystals.ShewontheNobelPrizeinChemistryin1964.TheworkofBarbaraMcClintock,ageneticistwonhertheNobelPrizein1983.

　　Justassomeonesaid:

“Developingcountriesthathavemaderemarkablesocialprogress,havedonesoprimarilythroughtheempowermentofwomen,whichhashadenormousimpactintermsofliteracy,healthandeconomicwellbeingoffamilies.”Whatweneedtodoistoensurethevaluablecontributionfrom50%ofourhumanresource.

　　...

　　Itisamatterofgreatpleasureforallofustoseethatth