届甘肃省部分普通高中高三第一次联考英语试题及答.docx

届甘肃省部分普通高中高三第一次联考英语试题及答.docx

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届甘肃省部分普通高中高三第一次联考英语试题及答

甘肃省部分普通高中高三第一次联考

英语试卷

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．

A

Nextyearmarksthe150thanniversaryofwhenlargenumbersofChinesestartedworkingonahugeprojectintheUnitedStates.TheyhelptobuildAmerica’sfirsttranscontinentalrailroadbetween1863and1869,connectingtheEastCoastwiththeWest.

PeopleknowlittleabouttheChineserailroadworkersandwhathappenedtothemaftertheprojectwasfinished.StanfordUniversityinCaliforniawantstolearnmoreaboutthelivesofthesemenbyreachingouttotheirfamilies.

BillYee’sancestorscamefromsouthernChina.Hesaid,“Mygreat-great-grandfathercametoAmericaduringthe‘goldrush’daysandhereturnedtoChinaasawealthyman.Andthenmygreat-grandfathercametoworkontherailroadanddiedthere.”

ButthatdidnotstophisgrandfatherfromcomingtotheUSonfalsepapers.Heoperatedalaundry.BillYee’sfathercontinuedtorunthebusinessandhasneverreturnedtoChina.

“ThingswereprettybadinsomepartsofChinainthe1860’s.TheycametoAmericaatallcostsinorderthattheynolongerhadtobearhunger,”BillYeesaid.

ShelleyFisherFishkinishelpingtodirecttheChineseRailroadWorkersinNorthAmericaProjectatStanfordUniversity.Shesaid,“ManyoftheChineseworkerswhocametoworkonthetranscontinentalandotherrailroadsreturnedtoChinaaftertheirworkwasdoneandcreatedfamiliesthere.SomeofthemsettledinAmericaandcreatednewfamilies,buttheyhadfamilieswhotheyleftwhentheycamehereandtheymayhavedescendantsinChina.”

Thereisaneedtocreatearecordoftheobjectandspokenhistoryfromthefamiliesoftherailroadworkers.

“TheUScouldnothavebecomethemodernindustrialnationwithouttherailroads.AndtherailroadswouldnothavecometogetherwithouttheworkoftheseChineseworkers,”saidShelleyFisherFishkin.

1.WhatdoyouknowaboutBillYee?

A.Hisfamilywasrichinthe1860’s.

B.HisfathersettledintheUSA.

C.Heknowslittleabouthisancestorsandhopestoknowmore.

D.HisgrandfathercametoAmericawithhisgreat-grandfather.

2.AccordingtoBillYee,manyChinesewenttoAmericainthe1860’smainly.

A.toruntheirownbusinessesB.tofindtheirancestors

C.tomakealivingD.todiggold

3.AccordingtoShelleyFisherFishkin,.

A.thedescendantsoftheChineserailroadworkersallliveagoodlife

B.theyexpecttofindallthedescendantsoftheChineserailroadworkers

C.someChineserailroadworkershopetheycanfindtheirdescendantsinChina

D.someChineserailroadworkershavedescendantsbothinChinaandtheUS

4.WhydidStanfordUniversitycarryouttheproject?

A.BecausetheywanttohelptheChineserailroadworkers’descendantstogettogether.

B.BecausetheywanttoshowtheimportanceofAmerica’sfirsttranscontinentalrailroad.

C.BecausetheywanttolearnmoreabouthowtobuildarailroadinthepastinAmerica.

D.BecausetheywantAmericanstoremembertheChineserailroadworkers’roleinUShistory.

B

TheWorldBankhaslookedatthedistinguishingfeaturesofsuccessfulschoolsystem.

AccordingtotheWorldBank’seducationspecialist,HarryPatrinos,thisinclude:

improvingthequalityofteachersandmakingsurethatteachersarehighlyregarded;providinginformationtomakeschoolsaccountableandgivingautonomytoschoolsandheadteachers.

Thismattersnotonlyforindividualpupilsbutalsoforthewell-beingofcountries,hesays,becauseimprovingeducationalperformancehasadirectimpactonimprovingeconomicperformance.

China’seducationperformance—atleastincitiessuchasShanghaiandHongKong—seemstobeasspectacularasthecountry’sfastgrowingeconomy.

Certainlyboththeseopenandoutward-lookingcitiesconsidereducationtobeimportantandarewillingtoadoptthebesteducationalpracticesfromaroundtheworldtoensuresuccess.InHongKong,educationaccountsformorethanone-fifthofentiregovernmentspendingeveryyear.

“ShanghaiandHongKongaresmalleducationsystems,withaconcentrationofideas,manpowerandresourcesforeducation,”saysProfCheng.

Underthebanner“Firstclasscity,firstclasseducation”,Shanghaisetaboutsystematicallyre-equippingclassroom,upgradingschoolsandimprovingthecurriculuminthelastdecade.

Itgotridofthe“keyschools”systemwhichconcentratedresourcesonlyontopstudentsandtopschools.Insteadstaffweretrainedinmoreinteractiveteachingmethodsandcomputerswerebroughtin.

About80%ofShanghaischoolleaversgotouniversitycomparedtoanoverallaverageof24%inChina.

Meanwhile,dynamicHongKongwasforcedintoeducationalimprovementsasitsindustriesmovedtocheapermainlandChineseareasinthe1990s.Itssurvivalasaserviceandmanagementhubdependsonupgradingknowledgeandskills.

InthelastdecadeHongKonghasconcentratedonclosingthegapforallstudents,saysareportbyMcKinseymanagementconsultants.

Thereport,HowtheWorld’sMostImprovedSchoolSystemsKeepGettingBetter,ratedHongKong’seducationsystemamongthebestintheworld.

5.TheWorldBank’ssurveyabouteducationmainlyconcentrateson.

A.whathasmadesomeeducationsystemssuccessful

B.China’seducationsystemandcompetitiveexams

C.howtorelieveChinesestudentsoftheirheavyschoolwork

D.therelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment

6.AccordingtoHarryPatrinos,thekeytosuccessfulschoolsystemsis.

A.togiveautonomytoallteacherstoeducatestudentsfreelyinclass

B.toletstudentsattendafter-schooltutoringanddomoreexercises

C.toimproveteachers’abilitiesandgiveschoolsfreeperformanceright

D.tomakeschooleducationdirectlyservetheeconomyofthecountry

7.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.

A.the“keyschool”systemisthekeytomanyschools’failure

B.studentsinShanghaiandHongKongworkthehardest

C.HongKong’seducationalperformanceisn’tasgoodasShanghai’s

D.ShanghaiandHongKong’seconomicperformancewillimprove

8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheschoolsystemsofShanghaiandHongKong?

A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.Critical.

C

Aground-basedsystemthatusesmuchstrongersignalsthanGPScanfindyourlocationincitiesandindoors.ItisanewpositioningsystemthatcouldcompetewithGPStomakesureyouneverloseyourdirectionsagain.

Insteadofsatellites,Locatausesground-basedequipmenttolauncharadiosignaloveralocalizedareathatisamilliontimesstrongeronarrivalthanGPS.Itcanworkindoorsaswellasoutdoors,andthemakersclaimthereceiverscanbeshrunktofitinsidearegularcellphone.EventheUSmilitary,whichinventedGPStechnology,signedacontractlastmonthagreeingtoalarge-scaletestofLocataattheWhiteSandsMissileRangeinNewMexico.

“Thisisoneofthemostimportanttechnologydevelopmentsforthefutureofthepositioningindustry,”saysNunzioGambale,CEOandco-founderofthefirmLocata,basedinGriffith,Australia.

AsfortheLocata’saccuracy,ChristopherMorinoftheUSAirForcetesteditrecentlyatWhiteSands,anditworkedtowithin18centimetersalonganyaxis（轴）.Morinsaysitshouldbepossibletogettheresolutiondownto5centimeters.

Admittedly,thetestswereperformedinanopendesertwhereGPSalsoworksbeautifully,butitssignalsareweak—likeacarheadlightfrom20,000kilometersaway—andeasilyblockedbysolidobjects.“Locata’ssignalisfarstronger,thoughnotguaranteedtoworkinacomplexurbanenvironment,”saysDavidLast,consultanttotheUK’sGeneralLighthouseAuthorities.

“Locata’stechnologywillfacecompetitionintheracetotransformindoornavigation.Butitcouldshineinspecificareas,”Gambalesays.“RobotswithLocatacouldeasilynavigateinsidebuildingswithoutthecomplexopticalsystemstheyneedatthemoment.Andprocessthathandlepreciselocationdatacouldnotonlyguideyouaroundamall,railwaystationorairport,butalsotakeyoutotheexactshelfinashopfortheproductyouwant.Theunitssmallandcheapenoughforsmartphonesshouldbeavailablewithinfiveyears—asimilarpathtotheoneGPStookonitswaytowardsworlddomination.”

9.Thepassageiswrittenmainlyto.

A.encouragepeopletobuytheLocata

B.tellusthedisadvantageoftheGPS

C.introduceanewpositioningsystemLocata

D.tellusthatLocatawillreplaceGPSoneday

10.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutLocataaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Withoutthehelpofthesatellites,Locatacantellyouwhereyouare.

B.TheUSmilitaryhastotestitbeforeusingit.

C.LocatahasabettersignalthanGPS.

D.Locatacanbefixedintosmartphonesonly.

11.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph4?

A.accuracyB.speedC.determinationD.length

12.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowaboutGambale?

A.HedidtheexperimentatWhiteSands.

B.HeisconfidentinLocataandthinkhighlyofit.

C.HesaidthatLocatacouldnotworkinacomplexurbanenvironment.

D.HeisworriedaboutthecompetitionthatLocatafaces.

D

Energyindependence.Ithasaniceringtoit.Doesn’tit?

Ifyouthinkso,you’renotalone,becauseenergyindependencehasbeenthedreamofAmericanpresidentfordecades,andnevermoresothaninthepastfewyears,whenthemostrecentoilpriceshockhasbeenpartlyresponsibleforkickingoffthegreatrecession.

“Energyindependence”anditsrhetorical（修辞的）companion“energysecurity”are,however,slipperyconceptsthatarerarelythrough,though.Whatisitthatwewantindependencefrom,exa