tem8 试题.docx

tem8 试题.docx

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tem8试题

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS（2010）

-GRADEEIGHT-

TIMELIMIT:

195MIN

PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[35MIN]

SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE

Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE.SomeofthegapsmayrequireamaximumofTHREEwords.Makesuretheword（s）youfillinis（are）bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayrefertoyournoteswhilecompletingthetask.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

SECTIONBINTERVIEW

InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.

Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.

Nowlistentotheinterview.

1.AccordingtoDrJohnson,diversitymeans

A.mergingofdifferentculturalidentities.

B.moreemphasisonhomogeneity.

C.embracingofmoreethnicdifferences.

D.acceptanceofmorebranchesofChristianity.

2.Accordingtotheinterview,whichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

A.Someplacesaremorediversethanothers.

B.Townsarelessdiversethanlargecities.

C.Diversitycanbeseeneverywhere.

D.Americanisatrulydiversecountry.

3.AccordingtoDrJohnson,whichplacewillwitnessaradicalchangeinitsracialmakeupby2025?

A.MaineB.SelinsgroveC.PhiladelphiaD.California

4.DuringtheinterviewDrJohnsonindicatesthat

A.greaterracialdiversityexistsamongyoungerpopulations.

B.botholderandyoungerpopulationsareraciallydiverse.

C.agediversitycouldleadtopensionproblems.

D.olderpopulationsaremoreraciallydiverse.

5.Accordingtotheinterview,religiousdiversity,

A.wasmostevidentbetween1990and2000.

B.existsamongMuslimimmigrants.

C.isrestrictedtocertainplacesintheUS.

D.isspreadingtomorepartsofthecountry.

SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST

InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.

Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.

Nowlistentothenews.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?

A.Sonydevelopedacomputerchipforcellphones.

B.Japanwillmarketitswalletphoneabroad.

C.Thewalletphoneisoneofthewirelessinnovations.

D.Readerdevicesareavailableatstoresandstations.

Question7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothenews.

7.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasthegovernment’smeasuretocontrolinflation?

A.Foreigninvestment.B.Donorsupport.

C.Pricecontrol.D.Bankprediction.

8.AccordingtoKingdomBank,whatisthecurrentinflationrateinZimbabwe?

A.20millionpercent.B.2.2millionpercent.

C.11.2millionpercent.D.Over11.2millionpercent.

Question9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestion.

Nowlistentothenews.

9.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECT?

A.AbigfireeruptedontheNileRiver.

B.Helicopterswereusedtoevacuatepeople.

C.Fivepeopleweretakentohospitalforburns.

D.Abigfiretookplaceontwofloors.

10.Thelikelycauseofthebigfireis

A.electricalshort-circuit.B.lackoffire-satefymeasures.

C.terrorism.D.notknown.

PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION[30MIN]

Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

TEXTA

Amongthegreatcitiesoftheworld,Kolkata（formerlyspeltasCalcutta）,thecapitalofIndia’sWestBengal,andthehomeofnearly15millionpeople,isoftenmentionedastheonlyonethatstillhasalargefleetofhand-pulledrickshaws.

Rickshawsarenottheretohaularoundtourists.It’sthepeopleinthelaneswhomostregularlyuserickshaws—notthepoorbutpeoplewhoarejustanotchabovethepoor.Theyarepeoplewhotendtotravelshortdistances,throughlanesthataresometimesinaccessibletoeventhemostdaringtaxidriver.Anolderwomanwithmarketingtodo,forinstance,canarriveinarickshaw,havetherickshawpullerwaituntilshecomesbackfromvariousstallstoloadherpurchases,andthenbetakenhome.Peopleinthelanesuserickshawsasa24-hourambulanceservice.Proprietorsofcafésorcornerstoressendrickshawstocollecttheirsupplies.Therickshawpullerstoldmetheirsteadiestcustomersareschoolchildren.Middle-classfamiliescontractwithapullertotakeachildtoschoolandpickhimup;thepulleressentiallybecomesafamilyretainer.

FromJunetoSeptemberKolkatacangettorrentialrains.Duringmystayitoncerainedforabout48hours.Entireneighborhoodscouldn’tbereachedbymotorizedvehicles,andthenewspapersshowedpicturesofrickshawsbeingpulledthroughwaterthatwasuptothepullers’waists.Whenit’sraining,thenormalcustomerbaseforrickshawpullersexpandsgreatly,asdoesthepriceofajourney.AwriterinKolkatatoldme,“Whenitrains,eventhegovernortakesrickshaws.”

WhileIwasinKolkata,amagazinecalledIndiaTodaypublisheditsannualrankingofIndianstates,accordingtosuchmeasurementsasprosperityandinfrastructure.AmongIndia’s20largeststates,Biharfinisheddeadlast,asithasforfourofthepastfiveyears.Bihar,afewhundredmilesnorthofKolkata,iswherethevastmajorityofrickshawpullerscomefrom.OnceinKolkata,theysleeponthestreetorintheirrickshawsorinadera—acombinationgarageandrepairshopanddormitorymanagedbysomeonecalledasardar.Forsleepingprivilegesinadera,pullerspay100rupees（about$2.50）amonth,whichsoundslikeaprettygooddealuntilyou’vevisitedadera.Theygrossbetween100and150rupeesaday,outofwhichtheyhavetopay20rupeesfortheuseoftherickshawandanoccasional75ormoreforapayoffifapolicemanstopsthemfor,say,crossingastreetwhererickshawsareprohibited.A2003studyfoundthatrickshawpullersarenearthebottomofKolkataoccupationsinincome,doingbetterthanonlytheragpickersandthebeggars.Forsomeonewithoutlandoreducation,thatstillbeatstryingtomakealivinginBihar.

TherearepeopleinKolkata,particularlyeducatedandpoliticallyawarepeople,whowillnotrideinarickshaw,becausetheyareoffendedbytheideaofbeingpulledbyanotherhumanbeingorbecausetheyconsideritnotthesortofthingpeopleoftheirstationdoorbecausetheyregardthehand-pulledrickshawasarelicofcolonialism.Ironically,someofthosepeoplearenotenthusiasticaboutbanningrickshaws.TheeditoroftheeditorialpagesofKolkata’sTelegraph—RudrangshuMukherjee,aformeracademicwhostillwriteshistorybooks—toldme,forinstance,thatheseeshumanitarianconsiderationsascomingdownonthesideofkeepinghand-pulledrickshawsontheroad.“Irefusetobecarriedbyanotherhumanbeingmyself,”hesaid,“butIquestionwhetherwehavetherighttotakeawaytheirlivelihood.”Rickshawsupporterspointoutthatwhenitcomestodemeaningoccupations,rickshawpullersarehardlyuniqueinKolkata.

WhenIaskedonerickshawpullerifhethoughtthegovernment’splantoridthecityofrickshawswasbasedonagenuineinterestinhiswelfare,hesmiled,withaquickshakeofhishead—agestureIinterpretedtomean,“Ifyouaresonaïveastoasksuchaquestion,Iwillanswerit,butitisnotworthwastingwordson.”SomerickshawpullersImetwereresignedtotheimminentendoftheirlivelihoodandpintheirhopesonbeingofferedsomethinginitsplace.Asmigrantworkers,theydon’thavethepoliticalcloutenjoyedby,say,Kolkata’ssidewalkhawkers,who,aftersupposedlybeingscaledbackatthebeginningofthemodernizationdrive,stillclogthesidewalks,sellingabsolutelyeverything—or,asIfoundduringthe48hoursofrain,absolutelyeverythingbutumbrellas.“Thegovernmentwasthegovernmentofthepoorpeople,”onesardartoldme.“Nowtheyshakehandswiththecapitalistsandtrytogetridofpoorpeople.”

ButothersinKolkatabelievethatrickshawswillsimplybeconfinedmorestrictlytocertainneighborhoods,outoftheviewofWorldBanktrafficconsultantsandCaliforniainvestmentdelegations—orthattheywillbeallowedtodieoutnaturallyasthey’resupplantedbymoremodernconveyances.BuddhadebBhattacharjee,afterall,isnotthefirsthighWestBengalofficialtosaythatrickshawswouldbeoffthestreetsofKolkatainamatterofmonths.Similarstatementshavebeenmadeasfarbackas1976.ThebandecreedbyBhattacharjeehasbeendelayedbyacourtcaseandbyawidelyheldbeliefthatsomeretrainingorsocialsecuritysettlementoughttobeofferedtorickshawdrivers.Itmayalsohavebeendelayedbyaquietreluctancetogiveupsomethingthathasbeenpartofthefabricofthecityformorethanacentury.Kolkata,aresidenttoldme,“hasdifficultylettinggo.”Onedayacityofficialhandedmeareportfromthemunicipalgovernmentlayingoutoptionsforhowrickshawpullersmightberehabilitated.

“Whichoptionhasbeenchosen?

”Iasked,notingthatthereportwasdatedalmostexactlyayearbeforemyvisit.

“Thathasn’tbeendeci