从《刮痧》看中美文化的差异毕业论文.docx

从《刮痧》看中美文化的差异毕业论文.docx

《从《刮痧》看中美文化的差异毕业论文.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《从《刮痧》看中美文化的差异毕业论文.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

从《刮痧》看中美文化的差异毕业论文

---文档均为word文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印---

摘要Ⅱ

Introduction1

1DifferencesinFilialPietybetweenChinaandAmerica3

1.1TheDutiesofFilialPiety.3

1.2TheFamilyStatus4

1.3TheWaystoTreattheOldPeople4

2ReasonsfortheDifferencesofFilialPiety6

2.1FamilyValues6

2.2RelationbetweenGenerations7

2.3TheOrientationofMoralPrinciples7

2.4PensionMechanism8

3DifferencesinFamilyEducationbetweenChinaandAmerica10

3.1FamilyEducationWays10

3.2DirectionofChildEvaluation11

3.3TheObjectivesofFamilyEducation11

3.4ResultsofFamilyEducationbetweenChinaandAmerica12

4ReasonsfortheDifferencesofFamilyEducation14

4.1ValueOrientation14

4.2TraditionalEducation14

4.3ExpectationonChildren15

4.4NationalConditions16

Conclusion18

References20

Acknowledgments21

Introduction

TheGuashaTreatmentisaChinesefilmconcerningculturalconflictsexperiencedbyaChineseimmigrantfamilylivingintheUSAwhichisreleasedin2001.XuDatong,aChineseimmigrant,isafatherofafive-year-oldsonDennis.HehasasuccessfulcareerandahappyfamilyafterstrugglingforeightyearsintheUnitedStates.Datongtellseveryoneexcitedlyatthecompany'sannualpartythathelovesUSandhisAmericandreamcomestrue.Nevertheless,thisgoodnewsisbrokenbyanincident.Datong'sfathergoestoAmericafromChinatovisithisson’sfamily.Whilethere,Datong'sfatherisunabletoreadEnglishlabelsofmedicine.SohegiveshisgrandsonatreatmentofGuashatocureaslightfever.ThepurplemarksleftbythetreatmentonDennis'backareconsideredtobeevidenceofabusingchildbyAmericansocialworkers.Thus,Datong'sfamilyissubmittedtothecourt.Inordertoprotecthisfatherfromtroubleandlawsuit,Datongcheatstothejudgeandadmitsthathedoesit.Later,Datong'sfathergoesbacktoChina.Finally,XuDatongandhiswifeareabletoreunitewithhisson.

Now,asexchangesandcooperationincultureandeconomybetweenChinaandAmericaareincreasing,culturaldifferencesthataremanifestedarealsoincreasing.ThisfilmisaverygoodreflectionofdifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericanculture,suchastheGuashatreatment,filialpiety,familyeducation,legalconceptandsoon.Thispaperisdividedintofourmainpartsandchoosestwoaspectstostudywhicharefilialpietyandfamilyeducation.Filialpietyisavirtuethatshowsrespectforparents,theelders,andancestors.IthasbeenveryimportantinChinasinceancienttimesandit'sconsideredakeyvirtueinChineseculture.IntheClassicofFilialPiety,Confucius（551-479BCE）saysthat"filialpietyistherootofvirtueandthebasisofphilosophy"（Wikipedia.org）.ModernphilosopherFungYu-lanoncedescribedfilialpietyas"theideologicalbasisfortraditional[Chinese]society"（Wikipedia.org）.Nevertheless,mostAmericansarestillconfusedaboutthewaysChinesepeopletreattheirparents.AlthoughmanywesternersknowChinesefilialpiety,theydon’thaveaspecificunderstandingofitsessencewhichmaybringaboutmisunderstanding.PlentyofChinesepeoplelikewisebelievethatAmericansaredisrespectfultoparents.ChineseandAmericanfilialpietyaredifferentinmanyelements,suchasthedutiesoffilialpietyandthewaystheytreattheoldpeople.Thereasonforthesemainlyisthattherearedifferentfamilyvalues,relationbetweengenerations,theorientationofmoralprinciplesandsocialmechanismbetweenChinaandAmerica.Thus,thispaperwilltalkaboutthedifferentelementsofChineseandAmericanfilialpietyinchapterone,andthereasonsfromfourperspectivesinchaptertwo.ItwillbebeneficialtospreadtraditionalChinesevirtueswidely.Asforfamilyeducation,itplaysavitalroleinbothcountries.ChineseandAmericansthinkhighlyofit.Besides,atpresent,educationisparticularlyimportantinthegrowingeconomicandculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.Parentsarekids’firstteacher.Theymayhaveagreateffectbothonchildren’sgrowthandonacountry’sprospect.However,thewaysandobjectivesoffamilyeducation,thedirectionofchildevaluationandsoonaredifferentinChinaandAmerica.Meanwhile,familyeducationinChinahasseveraldisadvantages.Itisshortofinnovation.Sometraditionalconceptsandrigideducationalmethodswhichcan’tfitthedevelopmentofsocietystillexist.Hence,thedifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericanfamilyeducation,andfourfactorsthatresultinthedifferenceswillbeintroducedinchapterthreeandchapterfourrespectively.ItwillbehelpfulforChinesetolearnfromAmericanadvancedfamilyeducationwaystomakechildrengrowhealthierandimprovetheirquality.AmericanswillknowChinesefilialpietyfurtherandunderstandthewaysChinesetreattheoldpeopleatthesametime.

Therefore,inordertounderstandthedifferencesoffilialpietyandfamilyeducationbetweenChinaandAmericadeeply,thispaperattemptstocompareandanalyzefilialpietyandfamilyeducationbetweenChinaandAmericaonthebasisofTheGuashaTreatment.Thispaperwillenrichcontentsforbothcountries’culturesandmakethemcomplementeachothertopromotetheirprosperityanddevelopment.Peoplecanalsoknowtheculturalconnotationandculturalcharacteristicsofothercountries.Mostimportantly,itwilldogoodtocross-culturalcommunication.Now,let’sstartwithchapteronethedifferencesinfilialpietybetweenChinaandAmerica.

1DifferencesinFilialPietybetweenChinaandAmerica

1.1TheDutiesofFilialPiety

InChina,thereisanoldsayingthatis"百善孝为先".Itmeansthatfilialpietycomesfirstamongallvirtues.Therearecompulsorytasksandresponsibilitiesforchildrentofulfill.Theyoungergenerationhasresponsibilitiestotakecareoftheirparentsandtheelders,toshowrespectandloveforthem.Moreover,theyoungergenerationshouldbepolite,displaysorrowfortheirparents'illnessanddeathaswellascarryoutsacrificesaftertheirdeath.PeoplepaytributetotheirancestorsonTomb-sweepingDaywhichisareflectionoffilialpietyinChina.Itisatraditionaswell.

FilialpietyisnotonlyacentralvalueintraditionalChineseculture,butalsoexpressesgratitudetoparentsfortheirupbringing.It'sreallynecessaryforchildrentoreciprocateforparents'loveandcare,whichbecomesacompulsorytaskforchildren.AtraditionalsayinginChinese"羊有跪乳之恩，鸦有反哺之义"isgoodenoughtoillustratethatchildrenshouldfulfilltheobligationoffilialpietyandthankparents.ItmeansinEnglishthatthesheephasgratitudeofkneelingdowntoacceptbreastmilkandthecrowhastheawarenessofnurturingtheirelderlyparents.What'smore,theyoungergenerationshouldshowrespectfortheelders'opinionsandarrangement.It'ssignificantforchildrentoobeywhattheirparentssay.Theverb"养"inChinesewhichmeans"feed"or"raise"inEnglishisanimportantelementoffilialpiety.Therefore,feeding,obeyingandsacrificingaretheethicsanddutiesoffilialpiety.Inthefilm,XuDatongwasadutifulson.ForthereasonthatDatongcan'toftenvisithisfatheranddidn'twanttoleavehimalone,hetookhisfathertoAmericaandlookedafterhim.

However,Americanfilialpietyistotallydifferent.Theyoungergenerationdoesn’thavethecompulsorytasktosupporttheiragedparents.Childrentotheirparentsarejustdutiesofgratitude.Moreover,theydon'thavetotakepersonalcareoftheirparentswhenparentsareoldorsick.AmericanscanchoosetowhetherhaveachildornotwhilehavingachildisalsotheembodimentoffilialpietyinChina.Chinesemayhavethepressuretobearanoffspring（Chen,2011）.SothephenomenonthatDatonglivedwithhisfatherishardtounderstandbyAmericans.Althoughtheyouthdon'tlivewiththeiragingparents,theyoungergenerationshowgreatrespectlovefortheirparentswhichissimilartoChinesechildren.

1.2TheFamilyStatus

InChina,parentsarethecenterofafamilyandplayacrucialrole.Ontheonehand,itemphasizesthestatusoftheelders.Theyarealwayssupremeandhaveahigherstatusinafamily.Theyoungergenerationshouldlistentoparentsandbeobedienttothemunconditionally.Ortheyoungergenerationmaynotbetreatedasadutifulson.Nevertheless,ifparentsarewrong,childrencancorrectthem.SoinTheGuashaTreatment,whenevertherewereconflictsbetweenhiswifeandfather,Datongtooksidewithhisfatherandpersuadedhiswifeintounderstandinghisfather'simproperbehaviors.Ontheotherhand,whenitcomestodecidinganimportantissueinthefamily,thepowerofdecisionisinparents'hands.Parentshavetherighttodecideeverything.Childrenneedtorespectandobeytheirdecision,especiallymarriage.ArrangedmarriagenowisstillcommoninChina.Asthesayinggoes,"父母之命，媒妁之言"inChinese.Parentshaveabsoluteauthority.Marriageismainlydecidedbyparentsandchildrenneedtolistentothem（H.Wang&X.D.Wang,2010）.

Onthecontrary,familystatusisequalintheUSA.Parentsthinkthattheirchildrenareindependentindividualsandtheylovetohelpthem.Butparentsneverforcechildrentodoanything.Therelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenislikefriend,notrequiringtheabsoluteobediencetoparents'will.Instead,childrenoftentalktheirownthoughtsandfeelingsfreelywithparents.Furthermore,theycanmakedecisionbythemselvesontheimportantissues.Parentsencouragechildrentohaveindependentopinionsothattheyareabletochoosetheirownwaywell.What'smore,theyoungergenerationcanaddresstheirparentsdirectlybyname,includingotherrelativeswhileitisviewedasadisrespectfulandunfilialbehaviorinChin