届高考英语二轮复习考点解析卷八.docx

届高考英语二轮复习考点解析卷八.docx

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届高考英语二轮复习考点解析卷八

2019届高考英语二轮考点解析卷（八）

1、   KongZi,alsocalledConfucius（551—479B.C.）,andSocrates（469—399B.C.）livedonlyahundredyearsapart.DuringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,butitisinterestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideas,andhowtheseideasinturn,shapedtheirsocieties.

   NeitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeacesthoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.TheurbanenvironmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical（激进的）thanConfucius.UnlikeConfucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.Thus,Socrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusingonissueslikefreedom,andknowledgeforitsownsake.Confucius,ontheotherhand,advisedthoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentontogovernmentservice.

   ConfuciussuggestedtheGoldenRuleasaprinciplefortheconductoflife."Donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou.”Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotential（潜能）thanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedontheindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelievedthatsomeindividualshadmorepotentialtodeveloptheirreasonthanothersdid.LikeConfucius,hebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferior（下层的）classes.

   ForSocrates,thefamilywasofnoimportance,andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius,however,thefamilywasthecentreofsociety,withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations.

   Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.

1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.SocratesandConfuciushadmuchincommon.

B.ConfuciushadmuchinfluenceonSocrates'ideas.

C.Thesocietieswereinfluencedbythephilosophers’ideas.

D.TherewereculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandGreece.

2.SocratessharedwithConfuciustheideathat _________.

A.allmenwereequalwhentheywereborn

B.thelowerclassesshouldberuledbytheupperclass

C.thepurposeofmanwastoseekfreedomandwisdom

D.peopleshouldnotaskotherstodowhattheydidnotwantto

3.WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?

A.Family.

B.Potential.

C.Knowledge.

D.Community.

4.Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof _______.

A.timeandevents

B.comparisonandcontrast

C.causeandeffect

D.definitionandclassification

2、   Onacollegecampingtrip,curiosityaboutwavesandsandcausedRobThielertostudyshorelinesaroundtheworld.ThirtyyearslaterandnowaU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchgeologist,Thieler,iscombiningscienceandsmartphonetechnologytohelpstudyanendangeredbird,theAtlantic.

   Coastpipingplover.

   Thepipingploverisashorebirdthatbreeds（繁殖）alongtheAtlanticCoast,theGreatLakesandtheGreatPlains.Risingsealevelsassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentintheirbeachhabitats（栖息地）,threatenthespecies（物种）.Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverin2012.Thisisamarkedchangefromthetypicalwayscientistscollectdata,whichinvolvesgatheringinformationusingspecializedequipmentorwritinginnotebooksandthenputtingintospreadsheets.

   SincereleasingiPlover,scientistshavegathereddataacross1500kmofbreedingrange.ThatequalsaboutathirdofthedistanceacrosstheU.S.,whichisalargeareatocoverforonlytwothousandbreedingpairsofpipingploversontheeastcoast.Insteadofhavingtotravelandspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieldusetheapptocollectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.Italsoallowsthemtocollectdataatthesametimeduringeachbreedingseason,providingabetterpictureofchangesthathappenoverlongerperiodsoftime.Andfast,centralizedaccessmeansscientistscanlookatdataquicklytogetareal-timeideaofwhereandhowpipingploversareusingtheirhabitats.

   WhileiPloverisusedbytrainedfieldstaff,otherappsliketheU.S.GeologicalSurvey’sweb-based“iCoast—DidtheCoastChange?

”invitecitizenscientiststoidentifycoastalchangesbycomparingbird’s-eye-viewphotographstakenbeforeandafterstorms.Alltheinformationscientistsandcitizenscientistsalikecollecthelpsfederalandstateagenciescreatepolicyplansforaddressingclimatechangeimpacts（影响）worldwide.

1.Whatcanweknowaboutthepipingplover?

A.Itsbehaviourischanging.

B.Itshabitatisgrowingbigger.

C.Itslivingenvironmentisbecomingworse.

D.ItsbreedingislimitedtotheAtlanticCoast.

2.WhydidThielerdevelopiPlover?

A.TostudyshorelinesacrossAmerica.

B.Toadvanceinformationtechnology.

C.Tofindoutglobalclimatechange.

D.Tomonitorchangesofpipingploverhabitats.

3.Whichofthefollowingbenefitstheshorebirds?

A.Thecampingequipment.

B.Researchonsmartphones.

C.Thechangeablecoast.

D.Progressintechnology.

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.ProtectingEndangeredShorebirds

B.RobThieler,aCreativeScientist

C.IPlover,ToolforTrainingFieldStaff

D.DifferencesBetweenIPloverandICoast

3、WelcometoHolkerHall&Gardens

VisitorInformation

HowtoGettoHolker

   ByCar:

FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36,M6.Approximatetraveltimes:

Windermere-20minutes,Kendal-25minutes,Lancaster-45minutes,Manchester-1hour30minutes.

   ByRail:

TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth,LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.

OpeningTimes

  Sunday-Friday（closedonSaturday）11:

00am-4:

00pm,30thMarch-2ndNovember.

AdmissionCharges

Hall&Gardens   

Gardens

Adults:

£12.00 

£8.00

Groups 

 £9

£5.5

SpecialEvents

Producers:

Market 13thApril

   Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.

HolkerGardenFestival  30thMay

   Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.

NationalGardenDay 28thAugust

   Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.

WinterMarket 8thNovember

   Thisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggifswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.

1.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?

A.20minutes.

B.25minutes.

C.45minutes.

D.90minutes.

2.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisittoHall&Cardens?

A.£l2.00.

B.£9.00.

C.£8.00.

D.£5.50.

3.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?

A.Producers'Market.

B.HolkerGardenFestival.

C.NationalGardenDay.

D.WinterMarket.

4、    Howcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments-mostlyforentertainmentpurposes-isfairandrespectful?

Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.However,mostzoosremain“collections”ofinteresting“things”ratherthanprotectivehabitats.

    Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsbored,lonely,andfarfromtheirnaturalhomes.Zoosclaimtoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspecies,butvisitorsleavezooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehavior,intelligence,orbeauty.Zooskeepanimalsinsmallspacesorcages,andmostsignsonlymentionthespecies’name,diet,andnaturalrange.

    Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon’tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds.Theanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercise.Thisresultsinunusuallyandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.Aworldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain.

    Furthermore,mostanimalsinzoosarenotendangered.Captivebreeding（圈养繁殖）ofendangeredbigcats,Asianelephants,andotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewild.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspeciesdyingout.Infact,babyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven’tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?

    Actually,wewillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatsandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoos,weshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals’naturalhabitats.

1.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheanimals’lifeinzoos?

A.Dangerous.

B.Unhappy.

C.Natural.

D.Easy.

2.Inthestateofzoochosis,animals_________.

A.remainincages

B.behavestrangely

C.attackotheranimals

D.enjoymovingaround

3.Whatdoestheauthortrytoargueinthepassage?

A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.

B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.

C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.

D.Zoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.

4.Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby_________.

A.pointingoutthefaultsinwhatzoosdo

B.usingevidencehehascollectedatzoos

C.questioningthewayanimalsareprotected

D.discussingtheadvantagesofnaturalhab