全新版大学英语综合教程预习资料unit1.docx

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全新版大学英语综合教程预习资料unit1

全新版大学英语综合教程预习资料

Unit1ChangesintheWayWeLive

TextAMr.DohertyBuildsHisDreamLife

I.DifficultSentences

1.andwecutenoughwoodtojustaboutmakeitthroughtheheatingseason.(para.2)(请加上段落出处)

Tellthemeaningofthephrase“makeit”andparaphrasethispartofthesentence.

(=Thephrase“makeit”means“succeed.”Themeaningofthispartis“Withthewoodwecut,thefamilycansucceedingettingthroughthecoldwinter.”)

2.SoonJim,16andEmily,13,theyoungestofourfourchildren,willhelpmemakesomelong-overdueimprovementsontheoutdoortoiletthatsupplementsourindoorplumbingwhenweareworkingoutside.(para4)

Analyzethestructureofthesentence.

(=Thestructureofthissentenceiscomplicated.

1)“Theyoungestofourfourchildren”isinappositionto“Emily,13.”

2)“thatsupplementsourindoorplumbingwhenweareworkingoutside”isanattributiveclausemodifying“theoutdoortoilet.”)

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=过些时候,16岁的吉米和四个孩子中最小的13岁的埃米莉,会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下。

我们在室外干活时,这个厕所便成了室内卫生设备的补充。

3.Thereis,astheoldsayinggoes,norestforthewickedonaplacelikethis—andnotmuchforthevirtuouseither.(para.5)

Telltheclasstheoriginofthesaying“Thereisnorestforthewicked.”

(=ThesayingcomesfromtheBible,Isiah57:

21,“…nopeace,saithmygod,tothewicked.”Itisusedinajocularmanner,meaning“there’snotimeforrelaxation;someoneiskeptbusyallthetime.”)

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=正如老话说的那样,在这种情形之下,坏人闲不着——好人也歇不了。

4.Whileonestormafteranotherblastedhugedriftsupagainstthehouseandbarn,...(para.6)

TranslatethispartofthesentenceintoChinese.

(=暴风雪肆虐,一场接着一场,厚厚的积雪覆盖着屋子和谷仓…)

5.Whenspringcame,itbroughttwofloods.(para.7)

Readthisparagraphandtellwhat“twofloods”refertohere.

(=Thefirstfloodreferstotheoverflowoftherivercoveringtheirlandwhiletheotherreferstoagriculturalproduce.)

6.Thenthegrowingseasonbegan,swampingusunderwaveafterwaveofproduce.(para.7)

What’sthefunctionofthephrase“swampingusunderwaveafterwaveofproduce”?

(=Thisv-ingformisoneofthenon-finiteverbs(非谓语动词).Itservesasanadverbialinthesentenceanditindicatesanotheractionbythesubjectofthesentence.)

Paraphrasethesentence.

(=Thenthegrowingseasoncameanditbroughtusalotofagriculturalproducts.)

Whatattitudeoftheauthorcanweinferfromthissentencetowardshiscountrylife?

(=Wecanseethathewasverysatisfiedwithitandenjoyedtheharvest.)

7.Itwasamazing.(para.7)

Whatcanweinferfromthesentence?

(=Thebigharvestwasbeyondexpectation.Hewasfilledwithjoybecauseofthebigharvest.)

8.Thetimingwasterrible.(para.8)

What’sthemeaningofthissentenceinChinese?

(=时机选得实在太差。

Whydoestheauthorthinkso?

(=1)Hehadtopaytheexpensivetuitionforhistwogirls.

2)Hehadonlyafewthousanddollarsinthebank.)

9.Theanswer,decidedly,wasno,andso—withmyemployer’sblessingsandhalfayear’spayinaccumulatedbenefitsinmypocket—offIwent.(para.8)

Whydidtheauthordecidetoquithisjobeventhoughitwasaterribletiming?

Whatcouldbethereasonsfortheauthor’sdecisiontoleavethecity?

(=Thoughitwasaterribletiming,theauthorwasclearthattherewouldbeno“good”timingatall.Possiblereasonsforhisdecisionareasfollows:

A)Hedidn’tthinkhisjobwasgood.

B)Helongedforrisksandchangesinhislife.

C)Hewasattractedbythegoodharvesthisfamilyhadgottheyearbefore.

D)Hewasfascinatedbythehectic,self-reliantandcolorfullifeinthecountryside.)

10.Itpicksup80%ofthecostsbeyondthat.(para.10)

Whatdoestheword“that”inthesentencereferto?

(=Itrefersto“thefirst$500thefamilypays.”Supposethemedicalfeeis$1,000,thefamilyhastopay$500whiletheinsurancecompanywillpay$400.)

11.andwearecoveredagainstcatastrophe.(para.10)

TranslatethispartintoChinese.

(=而且我们给自己投了巨灾险。

12.ExtravagantChristmasesareamemory,andwecombinevacationswithstoryassignments…(para.11)

Paraphrase:

WenolongerhaveextravagantChristmases,andwhenamagazinesendsmesomewhereonanassignmenttowritesomething,Iwilltakemyfamilyalong.Bydoingso,wecansavesomemoneywhileenjoyingasortofvacation.

Whatcanweinferfromthispartofthesentence?

(=WecaninferthatthefamilyusedtospendmuchmoremoneyonChristmases.)

II.Words&Expressions

getby:

过得去,尚可begoodenoughbutnotverygood;managetoliveordothingsinasatisfactoryway(请加上中文)

-Itisalittlebitdifficultfortheoldcoupletogetbyonsuchasmallpension.

-我父母靠很少的钱将就着把日子过了下去。

(=Myparentsmanagedtogetbyonasmallamountofmoney.)

-Sheneverworksbutsomehowshegetsby.

supplement:

补充,增补

1.vt.addtosth.inordertoimproveit(followedbywith)

(=ThedoctorsuggestedsupplementingmydietwithvitaminsEandA.)

2.n.anadditionalamountofsth.

-DoyoureadthecolorsupplementsoftheSundaynewspapers?

(=你读周日报纸的彩色增刊吗?

-Shehasbeenillandmusthavesupplementstoherordinaryfood.

pursue:

vt.努力去获得(或完成),追求

1.bebusywith;continue(steadily)with

-Heispursuinghisstudiesattheuniversity.

-AftergraduationMartinchosetopursuethesamecareerashisfatherasadoctor.

2.followesp.inordertocatch,kill,ordefeat

-Thepolicearepursuinganescapedprisoner.

pursuit:

n.追求;追赶;工作

Hislifeisspentinthepursuitofpleasure.

他一生都在寻欢作乐。

getthrough:

通过,度过comesuccessfullytotheend

-当地政府已采取一些措施以确保所有人顺利过冬。

(=Thelocalgovernmenthastakensomemeasurestoensurethatallthepeoplewillgetthroughthewinter.)

-Shegotthroughtheentranceexaminationandwasacceptedbythecollege.

atthatpoint:

那时atthatverymoment;rightthen

-Themansuddenlyheldupaposter.Atthatpoint,allTVcameraswerepointedathim.

onbalance:

总的来说withallthingsconsidered

-Onbalance,it’sprobablynotadvisabletochangethecompany’sname.

-我想,总的来说我更喜欢新的操作系统。

(=Ithink,onbalance,Ipreferthenewoperatingsystem.)

NB:

balance的反义词是imbalance。

此外,与balance有关的其他搭配有:

keepone’sbalance保持平衡

loseone’sbalance失去平衡

strikeabalance力求折中

inthebalance不确定,成败或安危未定

illustrate:

vt.加插图于;举例说明providewithvisualfeatures;clarifybyuseofexamples,etc.

-Letmeuseanotherexampletoillustratethisdifficultpoint.

CF:

illustrate,exemplify&demonstrate

这三个词都是动词,都有“举例说明”之意。

illustrate表示不仅使用具体事例而且有时使用图画,目的是使说明生动、逼真或有效,从而真实地说明某一观点。

例如:

-Thewaythatapumpworksisusedtoillustratehowtheheartsendsbloodaroundthebody.

(=水泵的工作原理可用来解释心脏是如何将血液送至全身各处的。

exemplify可用于举例说明某一笼统、抽象的陈述,也可用于举出某事物的典型或范例。

例如:

-Knightsexemplifiedcourageandcourtesy.

(=武士们是勇敢与礼貌的榜样。

demonstrate表示用充足且可靠的证据证实某一学术观点或结论,也可用于说明人或事。

例如:

-Galileodemonstratedthatobjectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeed.

(=伽俐略证实了重量不同的物体以同样的速度下落。

digest:

文摘,摘要;消化,融会贯通

1.n.ashortaccountofwrittenmaterialsordata

-Reader’sDigestisapopularmagazineintheUS.

2.v.

1)changesth.intoaformthatthebodycanuse

-玛丽吃肥肉不消化。

(=Marycan’tdigestfat.)

2)thinkaboutsth.carefullyandunderstandit

-Iheardherspeech,butIhaven’tdigestedityet.

-吸收新思想往往需要很长时间。

(=Itoftentakeslongtimetodigestnewideas.)

generate:

形成,产生vt.bringintoexistence;produce

-煤燃烧时,产生热量。

(=Whencoalburns,itgeneratesheat.)

-ThewidespreaduseofSpanishinsomeAmericancitieshasgeneratedapublicdebateoverlanguageuseinthecountry.

-Theteacher’sremarkgeneratedloudlaughter.

Whenitcomesto当涉及到,当谈及…

-When it comes to dancing,I'mallthumbs.

谈到跳舞,我真是一窍不通。

insurance:

保险,保险费n.guaranteeofcompensationforloss,damage,sickness,death,etc.inreturnforregularpayment

-Doesyourinsurancecoverdamagebyflooding?

-Ourfirmcarriesfireinsurance.

Collocation:

accidentinsurance意外保险

medicalinsurance医疗保险

privatehealthinsurance私人健康保险

disabilityinsurance伤残保险

socialinsurance社会保险

unemploymentinsurance失业保险

wholelifeinsurance终身人寿保险

pickup:

1)bereadytopay支付2)improve好转,提高3)gain;get获得4)takeholdofandliftup捡起5)gathertogether;collect收集6)collectsomeoneorsomethingfromaplace接

Matchthefollowingsentenceswithappropriatedefinitionsabove.

WheredidyoupickupyourexcellentEnglish?

(3)

Pleasepickupallyourtoyswhenyou’vefinishedplaying.(5)

Ifhelosesthecase,Michaelwillhavetopickupthebillforlegalcosts.

(1)

I’llpickyouupatyourhotel.(6)

Shepickedupastoneandthrewitatthewindow.(4)

Maryhasbeenill,butshe’spickingupnow.

(2)

asidefrom:

除了;除…以外(尚有)exceptfor;inadditionto(moreusualinAmericanEnglish;sameasapartfrom)

-Asidefromanoccasionalgameoftennis,hedoesn’ttakeanyexercise.

-Thiscompositionisgoodasidefromacoupleofspellingmistakes.

-万籁俱寂,只有从远处偶尔传来汽车喇叭声。

(=Everythingwasquiet,asidefromtheoccasionalsoundofacarhorninthedistance.)

cutback:

减少,消减reduceinsizeoramount

Pattern:

cutbacksth.;cutbackonsth.

-Thegovernmenthascutbackondefensespending.

-我们反对任何削减教育预算的计划。

(=Weopposeanyplanstocutback(on)educationbudget.)

dineout:

外出吃饭eatamealawayfromhome(usu.inarestaurant)

-I’mgoingtodineoutwithPetertonight.

suspect:

1.v.

1)believetobetrue,likelyorprobable相信

Pattern:

suspectthat…

-Istronglysuspectthatthey’retryingtogetridofme.

2)believetobeguilty怀疑

Pattern:

suspectsb./sth.ofsth.

-Thepolicesuspecthimofmurder.

2.n.apersonwhoissuspectedofguilt,esp.inacrime嫌疑人

-Thepolicehavearrestedtwosuspectsinconnectionwiththebankrobbery.

3.adj.ofuncertaintruth,quality,etc.可疑的

-Thatisarathersuspe

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