全新版大学英语综合教程预习资料unit1.docx

1、全新版大学英语综合教程预习资料unit1全新版大学英语综合教程 预习资料Unit 1 Changes in the Way We LiveText A Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeI. Difficult Sentences1.and we cut enough wood to just about make it through the heating season. (para. 2)（请加上段落出处）Tell the meaning of the phrase “make it” and paraphrase this part of the sen

2、tence.(=The phrase “make it” means “succeed.” The meaning of this part is “With the wood we cut, the family can succeed in getting through the cold winter.”)2.Soon Jim, 16 and Emily, 13, the youngest of our four children, will help me make some long-overdue improvements on the outdoor toilet that su

3、pplements our indoor plumbing when we are working outside. (para 4)Analyze the structure of the sentence.(=The structure of this sentence is complicated.1) “The youngest of our four children” is in apposition to “Emily, 13.” 2) “that supplements our indoor plumbing when we are working outside” is an

4、 attributive clause modifying “the outdoor toilet.”)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(=过些时候，16岁的吉米和四个孩子中最小的13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下。我们在室外干活时，这个厕所便成了室内卫生设备的补充。)3.There is, as the old saying goes, no rest for the wicked on a place like this and not much for the virtuous either.(para. 5)Tell t

5、he class the origin of the saying “There is no rest for the wicked.”(=The saying comes from the Bible, Isiah 57:21, “ no peace, saith my god, to the wicked.” It is used in a jocular manner, meaning “theres no time for relaxation; someone is kept busy all the time.”)Translate the sentence into Chines

6、e.(=正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人闲不着好人也歇不了。)4.While one storm after another blasted huge drifts up against the house and barn, .(para. 6)Translate this part of the sentence into Chinese.(=暴风雪肆虐，一场接着一场，厚厚的积雪覆盖着屋子和谷仓)5.When spring came, it brought two floods.(para. 7)Read this paragraph and tell what “two flood

7、s” refer to here.(=The first flood refers to the overflow of the river covering their land while the other refers to agricultural produce.)6.Then the growing season began, swamping us under wave after wave of produce.(para. 7)Whats the function of the phrase “swamping us under wave after wave of pro

8、duce”?(=This v-ing form is one of the non-finite verbs (非谓语动词). It serves as an adverbial in the sentence and it indicates another action by the subject of the sentence.)Paraphrase the sentence.(=Then the growing season came and it brought us a lot of agricultural products.)What attitude of the auth

9、or can we infer from this sentence towards his country life?(=We can see that he was very satisfied with it and enjoyed the harvest.)7.It was amazing.(para. 7)What can we infer from the sentence?(=The big harvest was beyond expectation. He was filled with joy because of the big harvest.)8.The timing

10、 was terrible. (para. 8)Whats the meaning of this sentence in Chinese?(=时机选得实在太差。)Why does the author think so?(= 1) He had to pay the expensive tuition for his two girls. 2) He had only a few thousand dollars in the bank.)9.The answer, decidedly, was no, and so with my employers blessings and half

11、a years pay in accumulated benefits in my pocket off I went. (para. 8)Why did the author decide to quit his job even though it was a terrible timing? What could be the reasons for the authors decision to leave the city?(=Though it was a terrible timing, the author was clear that there would be no “g

12、ood” timing at all. Possible reasons for his decision are as follows:A) He didnt think his job was good.B) He longed for risks and changes in his life.C) He was attracted by the good harvest his family had got the year before.D) He was fascinated by the hectic, self-reliant and colorful life in the

13、countryside.)10.It picks up 80% of the costs beyond that. (para. 10)What does the word “that” in the sentence refer to?(=It refers to “the first $500 the family pays.” Suppose the medical fee is $1,000, the family has to pay $500 while the insurance company will pay $400.)11.and we are covered again

14、st catastrophe. (para. 10)Translate this part into Chinese.(=而且我们给自己投了巨灾险。)12.Extravagant Christmases are a memory, and we combine vacations with story assignments (para. 11)Paraphrase: We no longer have extravagant Christmases, and when a magazine sends me somewhere on an assignment to write someth

15、ing, I will take my family along. By doing so, we can save some money while enjoying a sort of vacation.What can we infer from this part of the sentence?(=We can infer that the family used to spend much more money on Christmases.)II. Words & Expressionsget by: 过得去，尚可 be good enough but not very good

16、; manage to live or do things in a satisfactory way（请加上中文）- It is a little bit difficult for the old couple to get by on such a small pension.- 我父母靠很少的钱将就着把日子过了下去。(=My parents managed to get by on a small amount of money.)- She never works but somehow she gets by.supplement: 补充，增补1. vt. add to sth.

17、in order to improve it (followed by with) (=The doctor suggested supplementing my diet with vitamins E and A.)2. n. an additional amount of sth.- Do you read the color supplements of the Sunday newspapers?(=你读周日报纸的彩色增刊吗？)- She has been ill and must have supplements to her ordinary food.pursue: vt.努力

18、去获得（或完成），追求1. be busy with; continue (steadily) with- He is pursuing his studies at the university.- After graduation Martin chose to pursue the same career as his father as a doctor.2. follow esp. in order to catch, kill, or defeat- The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.pursuit： n.追求；追赶；工作His

19、 life is spent in the pursuit of pleasure. 他一生都在寻欢作乐。get through: 通过，度过 come successfully to the end- 当地政府已采取一些措施以确保所有人顺利过冬。(=The local government has taken some measures to ensure that all the people will get through the winter.)- She got through the entrance examination and was accepted by the col

20、lege.at that point: 那时at that very moment; right then- The man suddenly held up a poster. At that point, all TV cameras were pointed at him.on balance: 总的来说with all things considered- On balance, its probably not advisable to change the companys name.- 我想，总的来说我更喜欢新的操作系统。(=I think, on balance, I pref

21、er the new operating system.)NB: balance 的反义词是 imbalance。此外，与 balance 有关的其他搭配有：keep ones balance 保持平衡 lose ones balance 失去平衡 strike a balance 力求折中 in the balance 不确定，成败或安危未定 illustrate: vt. 加插图于；举例说明provide with visual features; clarify by use of examples, etc. - Let me use another example to illust

22、rate this difficult point.CF: illustrate, exemplify & demonstrate 这三个词都是动词，都有“举例说明”之意。illustrate 表示不仅使用具体事例而且有时使用图画，目的是使说明生动、逼真或有效，从而真实地说明某一观点。例如：- The way that a pump works is used to illustrate how the heart sends blood around the body.(=水泵的工作原理可用来解释心脏是如何将血液送至全身各处的。)exemplify 可用于举例说明某一笼统、抽象的陈述，也可用

23、于举出某事物的典型或范例。例如： - Knights exemplified courage and courtesy.(=武士们是勇敢与礼貌的榜样。)demonstrate 表示用充足且可靠的证据证实某一学术观点或结论，也可用于说明人或事。例如： - Galileo demonstrated that objects of different weights fall at the same speed.(=伽俐略证实了重量不同的物体以同样的速度下落。)digest:文摘，摘要；消化，融会贯通1. n. a short account of written materials or data

24、- Readers Digest is a popular magazine in the US. 2. v.1) change sth. into a form that the body can use- 玛丽吃肥肉不消化。(=Mary cant digest fat.)2) think about sth. carefully and understand it- I heard her speech, but I havent digested it yet.- 吸收新思想往往需要很长时间。(=It often takes long time to digest new ideas.)

25、generate: 形成，产生vt. bring into existence; produce - 煤燃烧时，产生热量。(=When coal burns, it generates heat.)- The widespread use of Spanish in some American cities has generated a public debate over language use in the country.- The teachers remark generated loud laughter.When it comes to 当涉及到，当谈及-Whenitcome

26、stodancing, Im all thumbs.谈到跳舞，我真是一窍不通。insurance: 保险，保险费n. guarantee of compensation for loss, damage, sickness, death, etc. in return for regular payment- Does your insurance cover damage by flooding?- Our firm carries fire insurance. Collocation：accident insurance 意外保险 medical insurance 医疗保险 priva

27、te health insurance 私人健康保险 disability insurance 伤残保险 social insurance 社会保险 unemployment insurance 失业保险 whole life insurance 终身人寿保险 pick up:1) be ready to pay 支付 2) improve好转，提高 3) gain; get 获得 4) take hold of and lift up捡起5) gather together; collect收集 6) collect someone or something from a place接Mat

28、ch the following sentences with appropriate definitions above. Where did you pick up your excellent English? (3)Please pick up all your toys when youve finished playing. (5)If he loses the case, Michael will have to pick up the bill for legal costs. (1)Ill pick you up at your hotel. (6)She picked up

29、 a stone and threw it at the window. (4)Mary has been ill, but shes picking up now. (2)aside from: 除了；除以外（尚有）except for; in addition to (more usual in American English; same as apart from)- Aside from an occasional game of tennis, he doesnt take any exercise.- This composition is good aside from a c

30、ouple of spelling mistakes.- 万籁俱寂，只有从远处偶尔传来汽车喇叭声。(=Everything was quiet, aside from the occasional sound of a car horn in the distance.)cut back: 减少，消减reduce in size or amountPattern: cut back sth.; cut back on sth.- The government has cut back on defense spending.- 我们反对任何削减教育预算的计划。(=We oppose any p

31、lans to cut back (on) education budget.)dine out: 外出吃饭 eat a meal away from home (usu. in a restaurant)- Im going to dine out with Peter tonight.suspect: 1. v. 1) believe to be true, likely or probable相信Pattern: suspect that - I strongly suspect that theyre trying to get rid of me.2) believe to be guilty怀疑Pattern: suspect sb./sth. of sth.- The police suspect him of murder.2. n. a person who is suspected of guilt, esp. in a crime 嫌疑人- The police have arrested two suspects in connection with the bank robbery.3. adj. of uncertain truth, quality, etc.可疑的- That is a rather suspe