浙江省Z20名校联盟新高考届高三上学期第一次联考英语Word版含答案.docx
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浙江省Z20名校联盟新高考届高三上学期第一次联考英语Word版含答案
Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）2022届高三第一次联考
英语试卷
第一部分：
听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节：
（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分：
阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：
（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
MartyVerel,a59-year-oldkidneytransplantpatientinOhio,shouldhavebeennearthetopofthelisttoreceiveaCOVID-19vaccine.Yetlikemillionsofothers,hewasn'thavinganyluck.Martyandhiswife,NancyVerel,wouldsitwithcomputersontheirlapstryingforhourstobookanappointmentondifferentsites,allofwhichwerecomplex.“Ifelthopeless,”Nancysays.
ThenNancyheardaboutMarlaZwinggi,a40-year-oldmomofthreewhowasspendinguptotenhoursadayonlinetryingtosecureappointmentsforvulnerable（易受攻击的）individuals.SoNancymessagedMarlaonFacebook:
Canyouhelp?
Twenty-fiveminuteslater,MarlarespondedbyaskingforMarty'slegalname,dateofbirth,andotherinformation.Nineminutesafterthat,Marlareportedback-Martyhadanappointment.
Marla'svaccinehuntingstartedonFebruary1,whenshelearnedthatherparents-herfatherhasleukemia（白血病）andhermotherisabreastcancersurvivorwithaheart-condition-wereunabletogetappointmentsthemselves.Shehatedthattheyhadtowait.Clickingaroundonvaccineregistrationsites,Marladiscoveredjusthowdifficultitwastobookanappointment.“ItwasliketryingtogetaWorldSeriesticket,”shesays.
Sheappliedstrategiesthatwebinsidersarefamiliarwith（keepingmultiplebrowsersopen,refreshingsitesevery20seconds,erasingcookies）andaddedafewofherspecialskills.“I'mdetermined.Idrinkalotofcoffee,andI'mafasttyper,”shesays.Soonenough,Marlahadsecuredappointmentsforherparents.“Ifeltlikearockstar,”shesays.
Marladecidedthathelpingotherswouldbeherwayofgivingback.“IfeellikeIneedtowillusoutofthispandemic（大流行病）”shesays.OnFebruary10,sheloggedontoFacebooktoletpeopleknowthatshewasassistingwithbookings.ByMarch2,she'dsecuredappointmentsfor400seniors,afeatthatmadeNancyconclude,“MarlaissomesortofCOVIDangel.”
21.WhydidNancyandMartyfailtomakeanappointmentthemselves?
A.Theyhadnoaccesstothewebsites.
B.Toomanypeopleappliedatthesametime.
C.Theywerenotamongthefirstseniorstobevaccinated.
D.Theregistrationsitesweretoodifficultforthem.
22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feat”inthelastparagraphreferto?
A.strategy.B.reward.C.achievement.D.service.
23.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeMarla?
A.Helpfulandskillful.B.Reliableandhumorous.
C.Confidentandgenerous.D.Ambitiousandcooperative.
B
Thee-commerce（电子商务）companythatpeopletalkaboutmostthesedaysisneitherAmazon,theAmericangiant,norAlibaba,China'sbiggest.ItisPinduoduo（PDD）,aChinesefirmthatstartedin2015asanonlinefoodsupplier,butwhosesuccesshasdrivenitsmarketvalueabove$200billion.LastyearitwasChina'sfastest-growinginternetstock（股票），risingby330%.
PDDattractsattentionfortworeasons.Oneisitsbusinessmodel.DavidLiu,vice-presidentofstrategy,explainsthatithasriddentheriseofsmartphonepopularizationrateinChinatocreateane-commerceexperienceinwhichpeopleclubtogethertobuyproductsfromcomputerstobananas.DuringthespreadofCovid-19,thishasexpandedintoafast-growingbusinessacrossthousandsoftownsandvillages,inwhichPDD'susersgathertoorderdeliveryoflocalfarmproduceatbargainprices.Thisiscalled“communitygroup-buy”or“interactivecommerce".
ThesecondisthewayPDDhasbrokenthemyththatthegiantsofonlineshoppingareunbeatable.Untilafewyearsago,China'se-commercemarketseemedatwo-waycontestbetweenAlibabaandJD.com.Itisnotthecasenow.ExpertsexpectPDD'sshareofonlinesalesinChinatobelargerthanthatofJDin2021andthenumberofuserstosurpass（超过）Alibaba.AndalthoughPDDpaysouthugefundstoattractcustomersfrompoorerpartsofChinatoitsapp,theythinkitmayturnprofitablethisyear.
Remarkably,PDDhasdonethislessbyreplacingitsbiggercompetitorsthanbyemployingpartsofthemarkettheyhavebeenunabletoreach.Althoughonlinesalesofgrocerieshaverocketedduringthepandemic,lessthanatenthofthe8.1trillionyuanfarm-producemarketisboughtandsolddigitally.Howevercompetitiveamarketlooks,thereisopportunityfornewcomersbecausee-commerceisatanearlystageofdevelopment.
24.WhichcontributestothesuccessofPDD'sbusinessmodel?
A.Thepopularityofsmartphones.
B.ThewidespreadofCovid-19.
C.Thebargainpricesoffarmproduce.
D.Therapidgrowthofonlineshopping.
25.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A.Thegiantsofonlineshoppingcan'tbereplaced.
B.PDDhastakenmostmarketsharefromitscompetitors.
C.PDDwillbecomeChina'sbiggeste-commercecompany.
D.Newcompanieshavechanceinonlinefarm-producemarket.
26.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?
A.ThemostdiscussedcompanyinChina.
B.Theriseofe-commercecompanyPDD.
C.Thedevelopmentofe-commerceinChina.
D.TheinfluenceofPDDone-commerce.
C
Earth'slongestartificialstructureisusuallysaidtobetheGreatWallofChinawhilethesecond-longestisnotawall,butafence.Itstretchesfor5,614kmacrosseasternAustraliaandisintendedtostopthecountry'swilddogs,thedingoes,fromhuntingsheep.
Australia'sdingofencedoesnotstandalone.Millionsofkilometresoffenceswraptheworld.Someareintendedtolimitthemovementofanimals,somethemovementofpeople,andsomemerelytomarkthetheboundary.
Untilrecently,dataontheeffectsoffencesonwildlifehavebeeninadequate.ThathaschangedwiththepublicationofareportbyprofessorAlexMcInturff.Onediscoveryhehasmadeisthatmorethanhalfofpublishedfenceresearchfocusesonjustfivecountries-America,Australia,Botswana,ChinaandSouthAfrica.Asecondisthatonlyathirdofthesestudiesexaminedtheimpactoffencesonanythingotherthanthetargetspeciesinvolved,meaningtheanimalspurposelyintendedtobekeptinorout.
Non-targetspecies,however,areoftenthosethathavetheirfortunesmostgreatlyreshapedbytheappearanceofpolesandwire.Australianfencesintendedtokeepoutdingoesarealsobarrierstolong-neckedturtles,whichtravelgreatdistancesoverlandwhenmovingbetweennestingsites.InBotswanafencesbuilttosparecattlefromwildlife-bornediseaseresultinseriousinterferencewithwildebeest（角马）migrations.
Noteverycreaturefaresbadly.Hawks（鹰）inMontanagladlysitonnewlybuiltlivestockfencestohuntsmallanimals,whilefence-basedspidersinSouthAfricaoutperformtheirtree-basedcousinswhenitcomestocatchinginsects.
Often,though,thewinnersarecreaturesthatcausetroubleforexistingecosystems.KeepingdingoesoutoflargepartsofAustraliahasallowedaggressiveredfoxestomultiply.Nativerodents（啮齿类动物）havesufferedasaresult.Somehavebeenbroughttotheedgeofextinction.
27.Whichisapurposeofbuildingfences?
A.Toexpandtheboundaryofacountry.
B.Toprotectlivestocklikesheepandcattle.
C.Tostopwildanimalsfrombeinghunted.
D.Tohelppeoplemovearoundfreely.
28.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudiesonfences?
A.Dataontheimpactoffenceshavebeenproved.
B.Previousresearcheswerecompleteandsystematic.
C.Abouttwo-thirdsofthestudiesfocusonthetargetanimals.
D.Notallstudiesexaminedtheeffectoffencesonwildlife.
29.Whichanimalsunexpectedlybenefitfromfences?
A.CattleinBotswana.
B.WildebeestinBotswana.
C.RedfoxesinAustralia.
D.NativerodentsinAustralia.
30.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetothefencesaroundtheworld?
A.Disapproving.
B.Favorable.
C.Objective.
D.Cautious.
第二节：
（共5小题：
每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
FourStepstoHelpSomeoneHavingaPanicAttack
IntheUnitedStates,1in3peoplewillhaveananxietydisorderatsomepointintheirlives,accordingtotheNationalInstituteofMentalHealth.31Ifyourlovedoneishavingapanicattack,thereareseveralwaysyoucanhelp.Withafewresearch-backedtechniques,you'llbebetterequippedtoprovidesupport.
Nameitandstaycalm
Gentlynameit,andtellyourlovedonethatyoubelievetheyarehavingapanicattack.32Youcanletthemknowthatitwillpass.Andoneofthebestwaystohelpyourbelovedonesistoremaincalmthemselvesbytakingdeepbreathsandremindingthemselvesthatthisistemporary,evenifthey'refeelingalittleuneasyaboutwhat'shappening.
Givethemspace
Yourlovedonemayneedsomespaceduringapanicattack.Afterremindingthemthattheycanhandletheirsymptoms,youcangiveyourlovedonespaceuntiltheirpanicattackpasses.33Iftheydo,improvetheirabilitytoindependentlyexperiencetheirsymptomsbyofferingthecopingstatementonceortwiceandlettingthemrideouttheirsymptomsuntiltheypass.
34
Whilesomeoneishavingapanicattack,wedowanttobeempathic（移情的），butwedon'twanttostresstheideathatpanicisdangerous,harmful,orneedingtobereduced,minimized,orescaped.So,ratherthangivingyourlovedonelotsofcomfortandconcern,itcanhelptoremindthemthattheycancopewithwhat'shappeningontheirown.Thisgivesthembacktheirpowertodealwiththesituation.Youcandothisbyofferingsupportivestatementslike:
“Youcanhandlethesesymptoms.”
“35”
“Thiswillpass.”
A.Lookafteryourself
B.Offeracopingstatement
C.Whyareyousoupsetoverthat?
D.The
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