上海春季高考题.docx

上海春季高考题.docx

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上海春季高考题

2018年上海春季高考

第二部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。

A

Horniman Museum andGardens

The Horniman Museum andGardensisafascinating,family-friendlyattractionin SouthLondon’sForestHill.IthasbeenopensinceVictoriantimeswhenFrederickJohnHornimanfirstopenedhishouseandextraordinarycollectionofobjectstovisitors.Itincludesinternationallyimportantcollectionsofanthropology（人类学）andmusicalinstruments,aswellasahighlypraisedaquarium（水族馆）andnaturalhistorycollection.Unusuallyinsuchanimportantmuseum,youcanseethecollectionupcloseandfacetoface.Youcanevenpickup,tryonandplaywithsomeoftheobjects.Visitorscometimeandtimeagaintoexplorethemuseum,takepartinvariousactivitiesandenjoythe16-acregardens.

JoinHornimanmembers

Becomeamemberofthe Horniman Museum andGardensandenjoyayearofinspiration,surpriseandenjoymentatourwonderfulfamily-friendlyMuseumandGardens.Byjoiningasamember,youwillreceivesomefantasticbenefits.

Jointodaywithjust£20andreceive:

·Freeentrytotheaquarium.Enjoyfree,unlimitedentrytoourmuch-lovedaquarium.

·Freeentrytoexhibitions.Exploretheworldwithfree,unlimitedentrytoourexhibitions.

·10%discountattheshop.BringsomeoftheHorniman’smagichomewitha10%discountinourshop.

·Freee-newsletter.Learnmoreaboutwhat’shappeningattheHornimanandbethefirsttohearaboutupcomingmembers’events.

HowtojoinHornimanmembers

YoucanjoinHornimanmembersonlineorbyvisitingtheTicketDeskattheHorniman.

·Save£4ifyoupayyearlybydirectdebit（银行自动扣款）—downloadtheform,andeitherposttousorbringtotheTicketDesk.

·Rememberallchildrenunder3gofreethroughoutthemuseum.

21. WhatdoweknowabouttheHornimanMuseumandGardens?

A. Peoplecanvisititfreeofchargeanytime.

B. ItwasstartedbyHornimaninVictoriantimes.

C. Therearemanyrareanimalsandplantsinit.

D. Itoffersunusualexhibitsthatcannotbetouched.

22. WhatbenefitscanthemembersoftheHornimanget?

a.Enjoyinga10%discountonadmission.

b.Enteringtheaquariumforfreeforayear,

c.Visitingthemuseumforfreeallthetime.

d.Beingkeptinformedofthenewestinformation.

A. a，bB. b,dC. a,dD. a,c

23. HowmuchshouldMr.andMrs.SmithpayyearlybydirectdebittojoinHornimanmemberswiththeir2-year-oldson?

A. £32.                 B. £20.                  C. £40.                  D. £48.

B

Twenty-fiveyearsago,asaparenteducator,Ibeganreadingaboutthedangersofpraise.IwascompletelyshockedbywhatIwaslearning:

praiseisnotgoodforkids.Howcouldthatbe?

SoIspentyearstalkingwithexperts,readingabouttheeffectsofpraise,andfinallydecidedtoclosethedooronpraiseandfocusonbuildinganencouragingfamily.

Eventoday,withmanystudiesavailabletoparents,Istillhearpeoplesay,“Howcanthatbe?

Howcansaying‘Goodjob’or‘You’resmart’bebad?

”Iunderstand.Itcanbeadifficulthabittobreak.

Ifwetellaboy“Youaresmart!

”whenhebringshomeanAinhismathtest,howdoeshefeelwhenhecomeshomewithaD?

Ifwe’vetoldhimthatheissmart,thenhewillmorelikelyfeelafailurewhenhestruggleswithhomework—“I’msupposedtobesmart.Whycan’tIdothis?

”

Praisetrainschildrentodependonconstantfeedbackonwhata“greatjob”theyaredoing.Thisdependencydamageschildren’sconfidence.Praisetrainschildrentoask,“Doyoulikeit?

”“DidIdoagoodjob?

”Theybegintobelievethatwhatothersthinkismoreimportantthanwhattheythinkabouttheirachievementsandmistakes.

Praisebreakstherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Withoutevenrealizingit,parentsmaybeusingpraiseasatooltodirectthechild’sbehavior.Themessageisclear—Iapproveofyouwhenyou...andIdon’tapproveofyouwhenyou...Livingwiththiskindofconstantjudgmentdamagestherelationship.

Thesolutiontotheproblemofpraiseisencouragement.Encouragementcanbegivenatanytime,toanyone,inanysituation.Itisacomment,anacknowledgment,astatementthatfocusesoneffort,improvementorchoice.Hearing“Youaresmart!

”canleaveachildatalosswhentheydon’tdowell.Using“ThattookalotofworktocomehomewithanAinyourtest…”givesachildthechancetobesomethingelse.

24. Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A. Manyparentscan’tgetonwellwiththeirchildren.

B. Theauthornevershowsanyapprovaltohischildren.

C. Theauthorspent25yearschangingpeople’sopiniononpraise.

D. It’shardformanyparentstobelievepraiseisharmful.

25. Accordingtothepassage,itseemsthatparents’praise______.

A. canleadtochildren’sbeingsmart

B. helpsthemgetalongwellwiththeirchildren

C. isagoodtooltoeducatetheirchildren

D. mighthavejusttheoppositeeffect

26. Whichofthefollowingisagoodexampleofencouragement?

A. Youdidn’tthinkyoucouldfinishontime,butyoudid.

B. YouarethebestartistIhaveeverseen.

C. Youhaveaproblemandyouhavetofixit.

D. Youareverygoodatmath.

27. Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A. Astudyonpraiseandencouragement

B. Mindyourwordswhenpraisingyourchildren

C. Replacepraisewithyourencouragement

D. Thedifferencebetweenpraiseandencouragement

C

Seventy-three-year-oldGeorgeMcNeilonselectedhisfoodinValueMartverycarefully.Afterleavingthecashier,hecalculatedthathehadsaved80centsandthoughtthathehadgotgoodvalueforhismoneyagain.

Attheexit,thechillywindremindedhimofhisgloves.“Wherearethey?

”Hesearchedhereandthere,butnowherecouldhefindthem.Georgewassurehewaswearingthemwhenheenteredthestore.Itwasobviousthattheymusthavebeendroppedsomewhereinsidethestore.

Georgeboughttheglovesata25%discount,forjust$30,tenyearsago.Theyweregenuinelambskin（小羊皮）.Untilthen,hehadworncheaperonesthatlastednomorethanthreeyears.Hisimpulsivedecisiontobuytheexpensiveglovesturnedouttobeagoodone,whichevenpromotedhissocialstatusonthebus,aspassengersstaredathimenviouslyforsixmonthsoutoftheyear.Heenjoyedbeingenvied.

Badluck,Georgethought,tolosehisglovesonNewYear’sEve.He,calmontheoutsidebutfranticintheinside,reenteredthestore.Severalminutesofsearchturnedouttobeinvain.“Societyhaschanged.Peoplehavechanged…’’hemurmuredtohimself.“Yearsago,ifpeoplepickedupsomethinglost,theywouldgiveitback.”

Backhome,Georgewasataloss.Indeepwinter,hecouldnotdoanythingwithoutapairofgloves.

Aftertheholiday,Georgedecidedtobuyanotherpairofleathergloves.Beforeboardingthesubway,hesteppedintoValueMartagaintoseeifbyanychancehisgloveshadbeenreturnedtothelostandfoundoffice.

“Whatcolorarethey?

”thewomanintheofficeasked.

“Black,”heanswered.

Shelookedintoherdraweranddrewoutapairofmen’sleathergloves.

“Arethey?

”

“Yes!

Thosearemine!

”

28. WhatisthemostprobablereasonforGeorge’sshopping?

A. TokilltimeinValueMartasusual.

B. Toprovehowwisehewaswithmoney.

C. ToprepareforthecomingNewYear.

D. Toseewhethertherewereglovesonsale.

29. Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“frantic”in Para.4?

A. Ashamed.       B. Anxious.C. Afraid.             D. Angry.

30. WhatdoweknowaboutoldGeorgeMcNeilon?

A. Economicalbutvain.

B. Cleverbutsimple.

C. Purebutimpolite.

D. Warmheartedbutpoor.

31. Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A. Indailylife,accidentswillhappen.

B. Apennysavedisapennyearned.

C. Nevereverjumptoconclusions.

D. Alossmayturnouttobeagain.

D

Thesharingeconomy,representedbycompanieslikeAirbnborUber,isthelatestfashioncraze.Butmanysupportershaveoverlookedtherealitythatthisnewbusinessmodelislargelybasedonescapingregulationsandbreakingthelaw.

AirbnbisanInternet-basedservicethatallowspeopletorentoutspareroomstostrangersforshortstays.UberisanInternettaxiservicethatallowsthousandsofpeopletoanswerriderequestswiththeirowncars.Therearehundredsofothersuchservices.

Thegoodthingaboutthesharingeconomyisthatitpromotestheuseofunderusedresources.Millionsofpeoplehavehousesorapartmentswithemptyrooms,andAirbnballowsthemtoprofitfromtheseroomswhileallowingguestsaplacetostayatpricesthatareoftenfarlessthanthosechargedbyhotels.Uberofferspricesthatarecompetitivewithstandardtaxipricesandtheirdriversareoftenmuchquickerandmoretrustworthy.

Butthedownsideofthesharingeconomyhasgottenmuchlessattention.Mostcitiesandstatesbothtaxandregulatehotels,andthetouristswhostayinhotelsareusuallyanimportantsourceoftaxincome.ButmanyofAirbnb’scustomersarenotpayingthetaxesrequiredunderthelaw.

Airbnbcanalsoraiseissuesofsafetyforitscustomersandtroubleforhosts’neighbors.Hotelsareregularlyinspectedtoensurethattheyarenotfiretrapsandthattheydon’tformotherrisksforvisitors.Airbnbhostsfacenosuchinspections.

SinceAirbnbisallowingpeopletoescapetaxesandregulations,thecompanyissimplypromotingthefts.Othersintheeconomywilllosebybearinganadditionaltaxburdenorbeingforcedtolivenexttoanapartmentunitwithanever-endingseriesofnoisyvisitors.

ThesamestorymayapplywithUber.Uberiscurrentlyindisputesoverwhetheritscarsmeetthesafetyandinsurancerequirementsimposedonstandardtaxis.Also,ifUberandrelatedservicesfloodthemarket,theycouldharmalltaxidrivers’abilityto