高中英语重点词汇精讲docx.docx
《高中英语重点词汇精讲docx.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高中英语重点词汇精讲docx.docx(163页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高中英语重点词汇精讲docx
高中英语重点词汇精讲
abandon:
vt.放弃,弃
abandonmedicine
for
literature
弃医从文;
desert:
弃,抛弃
ona
desertedisland.
ability:
n能力,才能:
havetheabilitytodo⋯=becapableof有doing能力做⋯⋯
able:
adj.有能力的:
anableleader;beableto与can的区:
can只有在(can)和去(could)
两种形式,而beableto可有各种。
(情)。
A.couldB.wasabletoC.canD.must(B)
aboard:
adv./prep在船(机,)上.Aboard=onboard;Allaboard!
上船;开船啦。
Welcomeaboard!
上船(机,)
about:
prt./advê.在周,在身;关于(on更,正式);大:
beabouttodo...(=beat/onthe
pointofdoing...)即将做。
。
。
。
。
。
后不能接soon,atonce等状;Howabout
+doing/名/代/句子等...=Whatabout..做......好?
①Ihavenomoneyaboutme.②HaveyouheardofthestoryaboutShakespeare?
abouttwoyeas=twoyearsprso=sometwoyears
Allthemariners____diedexcepttheonewhoshotthebirdlefttotellhisstorytoothers,
whichwasdescribedinthepoemcalled“TheRimeoftheAncientMariner.
A.onaboardB.onaboardC.onboardsD.aboard
abroad:
adv.be(go/live/travel)abroad;come(return)fromabroad;bothathomeandabroad在国内
外;beallabroad离,不中肯
absence:
n.absent:
adj.不在,缺席;不在意的:
HewillbeabsentatthemeetingfromBeijing.(不在北京)
HewillbeabsentatthemeetinginBeijing.(外出在北京)Absenceofmind心不在焉;
反:
present出席的,在的,用法和absent一,但作定要后置(n.礼物,at
”
present
目前)_______gotapresentattheparty.
(A)
A.Allpresent
B.Presentall
C.Allpresenting
absorb:
vt.吸收(声音,光,液体等),吸收,理解(知等);Beabsorbedin全神注于。
wasabsorbedinabookanddidn’thearyoucall.
I
academic:
学院的,学校的,学的。
academiclevels/challenges:
学水平/学中的挑。
accident:
意外;incident:
小事件,政治事或事件byaccident=bychance偶然
accept:
承,接受(主),receive:
收到(表客),acceptAasB承A是B,
Hewasacceptedasanexcellentteacheratlast.
Yesterdayhedid_______aninvitation,butherefusedto_____it.(B、A)
A.acceptB.receive
access:
入,接近(to),haveaccessto:
有入⋯.,能使用到⋯.accessibleadj.可以使用(或
得到)的。
能入的。
Sth.beaccessabletosb.某人容易使用到⋯
account:
accountforOnaccountoftakeaccountof
accuse;指控,指。
Accusesb.Ofsth指控⋯某人犯⋯;beaccusedof被⋯指控犯⋯。
achieve:
①完成,取得,达到achieveone’swork/success/oneachieve’sgoal;thegoalofdoing达⋯
到⋯..目。
○2achievements:
成就,成Heachieved/gainedgreat/brilliantachievements
inwritingnovels.
acquire:
学(一般指天生的得);而
learn指堂学。
Englishacquiredability.
across:
①横穿而(从物体表面);through:
穿(从物件内部);over:
跨(从物体上方);
act:
past:
(从物件旁);along:
(从物体沿)
Hewent______theriveranddidn’tfindaboattogo_____it.
A.over,acrossB.along,acrossC.along,overD.past,through
①vi.行,演出,Vt.担当,演⋯⋯角色(=playthepartof)n.法令
as=serveas担当,充当
条例
actas=work
Whowill_____Shakespeareinthefilm?
A.actB.actasC.playapartpf
(A)
①action.n.行,行,措施takeactions采取行,takemeasures采取措施
active:
adj.极的,活的take(an)activepartin极参加⋯⋯,beactiveinsth./doingsth.在⋯⋯
方面很极。
live/leadanactivelife
着活的生活。
actual:
①的,的(存在,不是想象中的);real:
真的(不是假的)rue:
真的
(不是inactuallife,arealgoldring,atruestory②actually:
adv.上,确
=infact/inreality/asamatteroffact=really
adapt:
(使适。
dapt(oneself)to(使适⋯..adaptAforB:
把A改/改写/改造成adaptfrom⋯
根据⋯⋯改。
add:
①vt.加add⋯to⋯把⋯⋯加到⋯⋯上
Two_____tothreemakesfive.A.addedB.addingC.isaddedD.beingadded(A)
②addto增加,(=increase)Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.
③addup把加Pleaseaddupallthefigures.
④addupto合=cometo=amountto
addict:
vt.使⋯⋯沉溺,be/getaddictedto⋯⋯上
address:
①n地址②v寄.=postheaddressedalettertome.
adjust:
adjust(oneself)to⋯使自己适宜于⋯⋯;adaptto适于=agreewith
admire:
admiresb.For(doing)sth.因⋯⋯而佩某人;envy:
妒忌,羡慕envysb.sth.
admit:
①vi/vt.admit(to)sth.承⋯⋯admissionn.②⋯⋯入,接admitab.to/into⋯
允某人入⋯⋯beadmittedtoschool/hospital,允入⋯⋯,③admitdoingsth.允
做⋯⋯承做⋯⋯④admit+从句⑤admttof⋯=allowof⋯容有⋯⋯Thematter
admitsofnodelay.容=hold=seatTheroomcanadmit200persons.
adopt:
采,接受(=accept),收养。
adoptone’ssuggestion.
advance:
advancetowardsaplace:
向⋯⋯前advanceinsth.在⋯⋯方面有增;advancetoa
place:
到达⋯⋯;advanceon/upon⋯逼近,攻;inadvance:
提前=aheadoftime;in
advanceof⋯在⋯⋯之前,比⋯⋯前。
Advancing=developing:
展中的,advanced:
达的,高的,步的。
advantage:
点,好takeadvantageof⋯利用⋯⋯=makeuseof;have/takeanadvantageover
others⋯⋯有。
disadvantage:
不足,可数名。
advice:
①忠告,告(不可数),tip:
告,可数,apieceofadvice一条告,givesb.someadviceon(howtodo)sth就⋯⋯某人提建,take/followone’sadvice采某人的建,ask(sb.)foradvice征某人的建,dosth.onone’sadvice按某人的建做⋯⋯
②advise:
v.(BE)=advicev.(AE)advisesb.todosth.某人做⋯⋯,advisesb.nottodo
sth=advisesb.againstdoingsth./建某人不要做⋯⋯,advisedoingsth.建做⋯⋯;但suggest可用suggest:
(one’s/sb.)doingsth,不用suggestsb.todosth.
I____theladygothereatonce.A.suggestedB.advisedC.hopedD.wished(A)
affair:
泛指“事,事情,事件”,affairs:
表重大“事或事”;event:
指有重大意的史事件;
business:
生意,公事on/inbusiness,gointobusiness;matter
Businessbeforepleasure.Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthemeeting.
affect:
vt.影响effevtn.haveaneffecton⋯=affect⋯⋯有影响.haveno/much/great/little⋯effect
on/upon什么没有/有很大/重大/很小,几乎没有影响.effectiveadj.有效的
afford:
①担起(⋯⋯的用)可接名,代或todo⋯⋯,常与can.could,beableto用于否
定句或句中.
hispoorfamilycan’taffordhiseducation.
Ican’taffordtobuyacaratpresent.
②抽得出=spare但spare可sparesb.+Hecan’taffordtimeforthecinema.
I
canspareyoutwohours.我能你抽出两个小
.③提供affordsb.sth.=offersb.sth.
/offersth.tosb.=supplysthto/forsb./supplysb.Withsth.=providesb.Withsth./provide
sthfor/tosb.
Failureaffordusexperience.
afraid:
beafraidtodo⋯害怕做⋯⋯,beafraidof(doing)sth.
担心做⋯⋯beafraid+句子,beafraid
not/so恐怕不行/恐怕如此(句子的省略回答).Idon’twanttobeawaitressbecause
I’mafraid____dishesfrequently.
A.
onbreaking
B.tobreak
(A)
after:
①表去一段以后或将来某个刻以后
反是before
指从去算起以前
或将来某个刻以前
;而
指将来一段以后
反是
ago指从在算起一段
里以前.
②afterall
竟,究,aboveall
首先,最重要的是(作
入),指重要性;
firstofall首先,最重要的是,指序或重要性,in
all=in
total=altogether
共,
atall根本.
wecan’tblamehimforwhathedid;____heisachild.A.atall
B.
inall
C.
afterallD.
aboveall
(C)
agree:
①agreetosth.同意,
成(plan/arrangement/suggestion/
②⋯agreewothsb.(或decision,
view,opinion,或某人的)同意,
成;
与⋯⋯一致,适合(天气,食物等)hemovedto
biijing
becausehe
____theweather
here.
(A)
A.didn’t
agreewith
B.
wasn’tsuitablefor
C.wasn’tfitfor
D.didn’tagreeto
③agreetodosth.同意,
成做⋯⋯④agreeon
sth.在⋯⋯.取得一致⑤
agree+句子,同意⋯⋯⑥反:
disagree,名:
agreement:
契,
reach/cometo/arriveat/makeanagreement
with⋯onsth.与⋯⋯就⋯⋯.达成.
aid:
do/give/offerfirstaidtosb=do/give/offersb.firstaid
某人行急救
;go援救某人
aim:
n./v.目,目的,瞄准takeaimat⋯=aimat⋯瞄准⋯⋯目的在于⋯⋯aimsthatsth用什么瞄准什么西,aimyourgunat⋯.,用瞄准⋯⋯aim⋯at⋯旨在⋯;aimtodosth目的
在于做⋯chinahaslongbeenaleaderinthefieldofgeneticresearch____at
imporovingagriculture.A.aimedB.aimingC.toaim(A)
hehasaimedatenteringakeyuniversity.
air:
①intheair在空中,在流,而未决;ontheair在广播中;byair乘机等(=byplane)l
intheopenair在野外②vt.使通,晾干airyourclothes
all:
all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,complete,completely,always,whole,wholly,
entirely,altogether等是括含代形容和副等,与否定not用,构成部分
否定,表示“不都,并非都”.而全否定要用no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,no
one,nowhere,nomore,nolong,noway等,表示否定意的与肯定式一起使
用构成
“全部否定”.
allow:
①
allowdoing
⋯允做⋯..
②allowsb.todo⋯.允某人做
Studentsaren’tallowed____inschool.A.tosmokeB.smoking(A)
③allowfor⋯考到,体,及。
Ittakesaboutanhourtogetthere,allowingforpossibletrafficdelays.
④allowof⋯容,容得themeetingallowsofnodelay.
⑤allowsb.sth.同意某人⋯⋯.
alive:
loving,lovely,lovely,alive,live的区:
aliveadj.“活着的”,作后置定,表,足等,不作前置定;keptstholive
live:
作定,“活的,有生命的,活生生的,生机勃勃的,燃着的,况播的”,可作,alivefish,livecoal燃着的煤,alivefootballmatch一直播的足球;aliveyoungman一个生机勃勃的年人;
livingadj.“有生命的,活着的”,作前置定或表(可作名makealiving),修人或
物,livingbeings/things生物;
lively:
“生的,活的,充生气的”alivelyandinterestingclass;lovelyadj.可的alovelygirl.
Whileapersonisasleep,apartofhisbrainisstill____.
A.activeB.aliveC.awakeD.aware(A)
Languageisa____andcontinuallychangingthing.
A.liveB.aliveC.livelyD.living(D)
almost:
“几乎”=nearly,但almost不能位于very后;nearly不能和any,no,none,never,nothing
等用,notnearly“决不,非”=farfrom;almostnot“几乎不”
alone:
Iamfarfrom_____withwhathesaid.(A)
A.satisfiedB.satisfyingC.beingsatisfied
①adj.“独的”,作表或足,表客事;
lonely:
“孤独的
荒凉的
偏僻的”
可感情色彩
②adv.独地,独自
.
alone=onone’sown=byoneself
独地
leavesb.alone
打某人
把某人独下
Theoldmanlivesaloneinalonelyhouse,buthedoesn’tfeellonelybecausehecanmakealivingalone.
aloud:
出声(重,由无声到有声)loud大声地(重声音由低到高).
Pleasespeakloud.Ican’thearyouclearly.
although:
①conj.然=though,不与but,so,and用,可与yet,still用.
②Although:
常位于句首,不用倒装;though:
位于句中或句首,可倒可不倒装;as常位于句
首,要倒装(即副,形容,省冠的名,原形提前),它都接句子;inspite
of=despite是介短,接名或名.
_____gettinghighmarksintheexaminations,heisstillworkinghard.
A.Inspit