考研真题历年英语二阅读.docx

考研真题历年英语二阅读.docx

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考研真题历年英语二阅读

考研真题历年英语二阅读

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考研真题历年英语二阅读1

Te_t4

Manypeopletalkedofthe288,_0newjobstheLaborDepartmentreporled

forJure,alongwiththedropintheunemploymenttaketo6Jpercent.atgood

news.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsata

decentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofullemployment,but

atleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.

Howeverthereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwas

targelyovedookcd.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreport

voluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,_0（4,4percent）aboveits

yearagolevel.

Beforee_plainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmakingan

importantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuallywant

full-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.An

increaseininvoluntarypart-timeworkisevidenceofweaknessinthelabor

marketanditmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemakingends

meet.

Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneral

directionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigher

thanbeforetherecession,butitisdownby640,_0（7.9percent）fromitsyear

agolevel.

Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-time

employmentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentasks

peopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheansweris

yes.theyareclassifiedasworkingpart-time.Thesurveythenaskswhether

theyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworkless

thanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyelassifiedas

voluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytellthesurveytakertheychosetowork

lessthan35hoursaweek.

Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecanseoneofthe

mainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.For

manypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymembers

withserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurance

wasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.

However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan_millionpeopletoeitherget

insurancethroughMedicaidorthee_changes.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviously

havefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinorderto

coverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralink

betweenemploymentandinsurance.

36.Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected?

A.Theprospectofathrivingjobmarket.

B.Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs.

C.Thepossibilityoffullemployment.

D.Theaccelerationofjobcreation.

37.Manypeopleworkpart-timebecausethey

A.preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobs

B.feelthatisenoughtomakeendsmeet

C.cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs

D.haventseentheweaknessofthemarket

38.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUS

A.ishardertoacquirethanoneyearago

B.showsageneraltendencyofdecline

C.satisfiestherealneedofthejobless

D.islowerthanbeforetherecession

39.ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare,.

A.itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsurance

B.employmentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsurance

C.itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymembers

D.full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance

40.Thete_tmainlydiscusses.

A.employmentintheUS

B.part-timerclassification

C.insurancethroughMedicaid

D.Obamacarestrouble

考研真题历年英语二阅读2

Te_t4

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomy

thefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldom

mentioned.

Whyisthat?

Tosomee_tentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.We

havenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontribute

toeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.It

ishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,

soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthe

mostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopolitically

charged.

Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglists

increaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityforthegovernment

tohelprectifythis.Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtake

somestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.

Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.The

communitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,Chancellorof

theE_chequer,mayintroducemorefle_ibilitytothecurrentcapontheamount

thatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidence

showsthat60,_0e_tranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthene_tfiveyearsifthe

capwerelifted,increasingGDPby0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherental

environment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregistered

providerstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

Butitisnotjustdowntothegovernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbe

welcomeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthatthee_isting?

4.5bn

programmeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoe_pirein_,is

unlikelytobee_tendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannounced

thatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition’sspendingplansifreturnsto

power.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoever

returntoeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischanging

climate.

36.Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector__

[A]hasattractedmuchattention

[B]involvescertainpoliticalfactors

[C]shoulderstoomuchresponsibility

[D]haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

37.Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas__

[A]increaseditshomesupply

[B]offeredspendingopportunities

[C]sufferedgovernmentbiases

[D]disappointedthegovernment

38.AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay_______.

[A]allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

[B]stoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildinghomes

[C]preparetoreducehousingstockdebt

[D]releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

39.Itcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould_______.

[A]lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders

[B]lessentheimpactofgovernmentinterference

[C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments

[D]relievetheministersofresponsibilities

40.Theauthorbelievesthatafter_,thegovernmentmay______.

[A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing

[B]reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants

[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme

[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

考研真题历年英语二阅读3

Te_t4

Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporate

workplacewillneverbecompletelyfamily—friendlyuntilwomenarepartof

seniormanagementdecisions,andEurope,stopcorporate-governancepositions

remainoverwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly_percentofpositionson

Europecorporateboards.

TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboards

tomaintainacertainproportionofwomen-upto60percent.Thisproposedmandate

wasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeCommissionVicePresidentViviane

Redingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignup

forgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappeal

wasconsideredafailure:

only24companiestookitup.

Doweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporate

Ladderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?

“Personally,Idon’tlikequotas,”Redingsaidrecently.“Butilikewhat

thequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:

they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreak

throughtheglassceiling,”accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceand

othercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusiness

positions.

IunderstandReding’sreluctance-andherfrustration.Idon’tlikequotas

either;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,governmentbythecapable.

Bur,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,it

doeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.

Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsin

EuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomento

topposition—nomatterhowmuch“softpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomen

dobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower--as,fore_ample,Sheryl

SandbergrecentlydidatFacebook—theyattractmassiveattentionprecisely

becausetheyremainthee_ceptiontotherule.

Ifappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomen---whether

CEOsortheirchildren’scaregivers--andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomore

newsworthythananyotherhighlycapablepersonlivinginamorejust

society.

36.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally_____.

[A]womentakethelead

[B]menhavethefinalsay

[C]corporategovernanceisoverwhelmed

[D]seniormanagementisfamily-friendly

37.TheEuropeanUnion’sintendedlegislationis________.

[A]areflectionofgenderbalance

[B]areluctantchoice

[C]aresponsetoReding’scall

[D]avoluntaryaction

38.AccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen______.

[A]gettopbusinesspositions

[B]seethroughtheglassceiling

[C]balanceworkandfamily

[D]anticipatel