河南导游考试八景沿途英文1.docx

河南导游考试八景沿途英文1.docx

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河南导游考试八景沿途英文1

1，少林寺沿途（登峰）

DengfengtownshipinHenanProvinceissmallerthaneitherLuoyangorKaifeng,butitiswellworthavisitifyouhavethetime.ThetownshipislocatedintheSongshanMountains,about45milesfromtheprovincialcapital,Zhengzhou,and50mileseastofLuoyang.

SongshanMountainisfamousasoneofChina'sFiveSacredMountains.ThegeographyoftheareaisunusualandlandscapesalonemaybereasonenoughtovisitDengfeng.SongshanScenicAreaisoneoftheWorldGeoparksrecognizedbyUNESCO.TheSongshanmountaincomplexincludes36peakscoveringanareaofabout20squaremiles.ThelargerGeoparkcoversabout160squaremiles.TaishiMountainandShaoshiMountainandtheprimarypeaks.Thehighestpeak,Junji（or"TheFirstWife"）Mountainisalmost5000feetabovesealevelandprovidesamarvelousviewoftheYellowRivermeanderingacrossthecountrysideofChina.

Dengfenghasalonghistory.Anumberofsitesinandaroundthetownshiparewellworththetimeinvolvedinvisitingthem.ForemostonthelististheShaolinTemple,thebirthplaceofbothKungFuandZenBuddhism.Otherspotsinthevicinityinclude:

TheSongyueTemple,builtin520ADduringtheoftheNorthernWeiDynasty,isaboutthreemilesnorthwestofDengfeng.Thetemple,sittingatthefootofTaishiMountain,boaststheoldestBuddhistpagodainChina.Thepagodais12-sided;mostsuchpagodasinChinaareoctagonal,andnootherpagodasfoundsofarare12sided.Its15storeysreachto148feet.Atgroundlevelthepagodaisabout35feetindiameter.Thepagodaismadefromayellowishbrickandheldtogetherwithaclaymortar.

TheSongyangAcademy,lessthantwomilesfromDengfengtownship,wasonceoneoftheleadingschoolsfortrainingclassicalscholarsinImperialChina.BuiltduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty（386-534AD）,graduatesoftheschoolservedtheemperor'sgovernmentascivilserviceworkers.Thehugecypresstreesintheacademy'scourtyardareregardedastheoldestinChina,thoughttobeabout3,000yearsold.

GaochengObservatory,abouteightmilesfromDengfeng,istheoldestfacilityofitskindinChina.TheobservatorydatestotheearlyportionoftheYuanDynasty（1271-1368AD）.Itwasdesignedoriginallyforuseinpredictingthetimeofthesolsticeeachyear.Astronomersatthesitewereabletocalculatetheactuallengthoftheyearto365.2425dayssome300yearsbeforeEuropeansmanagedtodevelopetheGregoriancalendar.

ZhongyueTempleisalsoknownastheLittlePalace.ItdatesfromtheQinDynasty（221-206BC）,makingitoneoftheoldesttemplesstillstandinginChina.DuringtheTangDynasty（618-907AD）itwasmovedtoitscurrentlocation.Thetemple'sassortedhallsandpavilions,terracesandtowerstakeupatotalofalmostfourmillionsquarefeet.Over300cypresstrees,mosttwistedbytheelementsandage,occupythecourtyard.

FawangTempleisanotheroftheoldestBuddhisttemplesinChina.Itwasconstructedin71ADduringtheHanDynasty,onlythreeyearsafterChina'soldestBuddhisttemple,WhiteHorseTemple,inLuoyang.Ithasbeenrenovatedandaddedontomanytimessince.Thetemplegroundsarealsohometoasquarepagodathatstandsabout33feethigh.ItsroofisconstructedinaLamanisticstyleunusualinChina.ThepagodadatestotheTangera.

HuishanTempleisaboutthreemilesnorthofDengfengatthefootofHuishanTempleliesatthesouthfootofJunji（"TheFirstWife"）Mountain.ItwasevidentlyanimperialpalaceduringtheNorthWeiDynastyandconvertedtouseasatempleduringtheSuiDynasty,inabout600AD.

YongtaiTemplesitsatthewesternbaseofTaishiMountain,aboutsevenmilesnorthwestfromDengfeng.Builtin521ADduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty,itwasdestroyedcompletelyduringin573ADbutwasrebuiltduringtheSuiDynasty（589-618AD）andextensivelyrenovatedduringtheMingandQingeras.TheNunneryoftheFirstAncestorofChanzongoccupiesaspotatthefootofWuruMountain,justoveramilefromDengfeng.Itwasbuiltin1125ADtocommemoratetheIndianmonk,Damo,whofoundedtheZenschoolofBuddhism.

ChongfuTempleisamongtheoldestTaoisttemplesstillstandinginChina.ItrestsatthebaseofTaishiMountain,justoveramilenorthofDengfeng.Builtin110BC,mostofthetemplehasbeendestroyed.Butthreehallsstillexist.

TheSongshanMountainsareaisalsohometoahugenumberofstelesbyfamouscalligraphers.

AtlastreporttherewasonlyonehotelforforeignvisitorsinDengfeng.Andthecityisnotonarailline,soathreehourbusridefromLuoyandorZhengzhouistheonlywaytogetthere.ButthecitygetsabouttwomilliontouristsayearandEnglish-languagesignsareeverywhere.

DengfengandthesurroundingSongshanScenicAreaisamongthemorerefreshing（andhistoric）placesinChina..

Zhengzhou--GreenCity

Zhengzhou,locatedintheCentralChinaplainwiththeYellowRivertothenorthandMountSongshantothewest,isthecapitalofHenanProvince.AtthejunctionoftheBeijing-GuangzhouandLanzhou-Lianyungangrailways,itisalsothepolitical,economic,cultural,andtransportationcenterofHenan.ZhengzhouisoneofthemostimportanttextilecentersinChina,aswellashavingawell-developedmachineryindustry.

Zhengzhouhasalonghistory.Asearlyas3,500yearsago,itbecamethecapitaloftheShangDynasty（Sixteenth-eleventhcenturiesB.C.）whichtogetherwithancientEgypt,India,andBabylon,wasconsideredtobeoneoftheoldestcivilizationsoftheworld.Todayculturalrelicsandhistoricalsitesaboundinandaroundthecity,attractingmoreandmoretouristsandarchaeologistsbothfromChinaandabroad.AtAnyang,atowntothenorthofZhengzhou,touristscanvisitruinsoftheShangDynasty.Withitslushfoliage,ZhengzhouisChina'smodelfortheplantingoftreesinurbanareasandisthereforecalledthe"greencity."

HenanProvincialMuseumofHistory

ThismuseumindowntownZhengzhoudisplaysoverathousandculturalrelicsfromHenanProvince,togetherwithphotographicexhibits.Intheexhibitionhall,thereisaminiaturerepresentationofanancientcity,believedtobe3,500yearsold,whoseruinswereunearthedinZhengzhouin1955.Itpresentsavividpictureofourancestorssmeltingmetals,makingpottery,andpolishingbonetoolsduringtheBronzeCultureoftheShangDynasty.

RuinsatDaheVillage

Intheautumnof1964,asiteof300,000squaremetersrepresentingtheYangshanandLongshanculturesoftheNeolithicPeriodwasdiscoveredatDaheVillageinthenorthernsuburbsofZhengshou.Theruinsofhousefoundations,datingbackfivethousandyears,showseparateinnerandouterrooms-indicatingthatgroupmarriageprobablynolongerexistedandthatfamiliesinwhichyoungcoupleslivedseparatelyfromtheirparentshadappeared.

RuinsofanAncientCityoftheShangDynasty

Theseruinscoveranareaoftwenty-fivesquarekilometersindowntownZhengzhou.In1955,acitywallofsevenkilometerswasdiscoveredonthesite.Archaeologistshavefoundruinsofhousefoundations,cellars,waterwells,ditches,andgraves.Ornamentsandtoolsmadeofbronze,stone,bone,shell,andjadewerefoundonthesite,aswellaspotteryand

primitivechina.Outsidethewalls,theruinsofvariousworkshopswerediscovered,amongwhichwerefoundriesforsmeltingbronzeandworkshopsformakingpotteryandforpolishingbonearticles.ThesearchaeologicalfindsinZhengzhouprovidevaluablematerialsforthestudyofShangDynastysociety,particularlywithregardtotheformationanddevelopmentofancientcitiesinChina.

AncientTombatDahuPavilion

OneofthelargestgravesoftheHanDynasty（206B.C.-A.D.220）canbefoundinsuburbanZhengzhou.Itisabrickandstonestructureintheshapeofacoveredboat.Inadditiontothemainhallwherethecoffinwasplaced,therewereawest,amiddle,andasmallroom.Thewallsandceilingsofthegravechambersarecoveredwithpaintingsandstonecarvingsthatreflectthelifeofthedeceased.Depictingsuchscenesasrentcollection,cookinganddining,hunting,travelingincartsandonhorseback,andsinginganddancing,theyprovidevaluabledataforhistoricalresearchintothepolitics,culture,andeconomyoftheEasternHanDynasty.

February7MemorialTowers

Thesetwintowers,sixty-threemetershigh,standinthecenterofthecity.Theyhavethreelevelsatthebottomandninelevelsontheupperstructure.Theywerebuiltinmemoryofarailwayworker'sstrikethatstartedinZhengzhouonFebruary4,1923,andspreadtotheentireBeijing-Hankouline.OnFebruary7,WuPeifu,awarlord,orderedhissoldierstofireonthestrikers,killingseveralChineseCommunistPartymembersandtradeunionleaders.

MangshanPark

SituatedtothenorthofZhengzhou,thisscenicparkonMangshanMountainaffordsabird's-eyeviewoftheYellowRiver.Themountain,whichstretchesfromZhengzhouintheeasttoLuoyanginthewest,ispartoftheQinlingRangeandformsanaturalbarrierbetweenZhengzhouandtheriver.ThisdenselywoodedmountainbesidetheYellowRiverhasattractedmanyfamouswritersandpoetsthroughoutChinesehistory.

MountSongshan

DrivingsouthwestwardfromZhengzhouforanhourandahalfwillbringyoutoMountSongshan.Itspeak,towering1,550metersabovesealevel,isthehighestofthetwenty-twopeaksoftheFuniuRange.SongshanrisesfromtheCentralChinaPlain;beingthemiddle-mostofthefivesacredmountainsofChina,itissometimesalsocalledCentralMountain.Itcontainsmanyscenicspotsandplacesofhistoricalinterest,ofwhichShaolinMonastery,theSongyangSchoolofClassicalLearning,theHanImperialPalaces,StarObservatoryTerrace（Guanxingtai）,an