河南导游考试八景沿途英文1.docx

1、河南导游考试八景沿途英文11，少林寺沿途（登峰）Dengfeng township in Henan Province is smaller than either Luoyang or Kaifeng, but it is well worth a visit if you have the time. The township is located in the Songshan Mountains, about 45 miles from the provincial capital, Zhengzhou, and 50 miles east of Luoyang. Songshan M

2、ountain is famous as one of Chinas Five Sacred Mountains. The geography of the area is unusual and landscapes alone may be reason enough to visit Dengfeng. Songshan Scenic Area is one of the World Geoparks recognized by UNESCO. The Songshan mountain complex includes 36 peaks covering an area of abou

3、t 20 square miles. The larger Geopark covers about 160 square miles. Taishi Mountain and Shaoshi Mountain and the primary peaks. The highest peak, Junji (or The First Wife) Mountain is almost 5000 feet above sea level and provides a marvelous view of the Yellow River meandering across the countrysid

4、e of China. Dengfeng has a long history. A number of sites in and around the township are well worth the time involved in visiting them. Foremost on the list is the Shaolin Temple, the birthplace of both Kung Fu and Zen Buddhism. Other spots in the vicinity include:The Songyue Temple, built in 520AD

5、 during the of the Northern Wei Dynasty, is about three miles northwest of Dengfeng. The temple, sitting at the foot of Taishi Mountain, boasts the oldest Buddhist pagoda in China. The pagoda is 12-sided; most such pagodas in China are octagonal, and no other pagodas found so far are 12 sided. Its 1

6、5 storeys reach to 148 feet. At ground level the pagoda is about 35 feet in diameter. The pagoda is made from a yellowish brick and held together with a clay mortar. The Songyang Academy, less than two miles from Dengfeng township, was once one of the leading schools for training classical scholars

7、in Imperial China. Built during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534 AD), graduates of the school served the emperors government as civil service workers. The huge cypress trees in the academys courtyard are regarded as the oldest in China, thought to be about 3,000 years old. Gaocheng Observatory, abo

8、ut eight miles from Dengfeng, is the oldest facility of its kind in China. The observatory dates to the early portion of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368 AD). It was designed originally for use in predicting the time of the solstice each year. Astronomers at the site were able to calculate the actual len

9、gth of the year to 365.2425 days some 300 years before Europeans managed to develope the Gregorian calendar. Zhongyue Temple is also known as the Little Palace. It dates from the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC), making it one of the oldest temples still standing in China. During the Tang Dynasty (618-907AD)

10、 it was moved to its current location. The temples assorted halls and pavilions, terraces and towers take up a total of almost four million square feet. Over 300 cypress trees, most twisted by the elements and age, occupy the courtyard. Fawang Temple is another of the oldest Buddhist temples in Chin

11、a. It was constructed in 71 AD during the Han Dynasty, only three years after Chinas oldest Buddhist temple, White Horse Temple, in Luoyang. It has been renovated and added on to many times since. The temple grounds are also home to a square pagoda that stands about 33 feet high. Its roof is constru

12、cted in a Lamanistic style unusual in China. The pagoda dates to the Tang era. Huishan Temple is about three miles north of Dengfeng at the foot of Huishan Temple lies at the south foot of Junji (The First Wife) Mountain. It was evidently an imperial palace during the North Wei Dynasty and converted

13、 to use as a temple during the Sui Dynasty, in about 600 AD. Yongtai Temple sits at the western base of Taishi Mountain, about seven miles northwest from Dengfeng. Built in 521AD during the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was destroyed completely during in 573AD but was rebuilt during the Sui Dynasty (589-

14、618AD) and extensively renovated during the Ming and Qing eras. The Nunnery of the First Ancestor of Chanzong occupies a spot at the foot of Wuru Mountain, just over a mile from Dengfeng. It was built in 1125AD to commemorate the Indian monk, Damo, who founded the Zen school of Buddhism. Chongfu Tem

15、ple is among the oldest Taoist temples still standing in China. It rests at the base of Taishi Mountain, just over a mile north of Dengfeng. Built in 110BC, most of the temple has been destroyed. But three halls still exist. The Songshan Mountains area is also home to a huge number of steles by famo

16、us calligraphers. At last report there was only one hotel for foreign visitors in Dengfeng. And the city is not on a rail line, so a three hour bus ride from Luoyand or Zhengzhou is the only way to get there. But the city gets about two million tourists a year and English-language signs are everywhe

17、re. Dengfeng and the surrounding Songshan Scenic Area is among the more refreshing (and historic) places in China.Zhengzhou - Green City Zhengzhou, located in the Central China plain with the Yellow River to the north and Mount Songshan to the west, is the capital of Henan Province. At the junction

18、of the Beijing-Guangzhou and Lanzhou-Lianyungang railways, it is also the political, economic, cultural, and transportation center of Henan. Zhengzhou is one of the most important textile centers in China, as well as having a well-developed machinery industry. Zhengzhou has a long history. As early

19、as 3,500 years ago, it became the capital of the Shang Dynasty (Sixteenth - eleventh centuries B.C.) which together with ancient Egypt, India, and Babylon, was considered to be one of the oldest civilizations of the world. Today cultural relics and historical sites abound in and around the city, att

20、racting more and more tourists and archaeologists both from China and abroad. At Anyang, a town to the north of Zhengzhou, tourists can visit ruins of the Shang Dynasty. With its lush foliage, Zhengzhou is Chinas model for the planting of trees in urban areas and is therefore called the green city.

21、Henan Provincial Museum of History This museum in downtown Zhengzhou displays over a thousand cultural relics from Henan Province, together with photographic exhibits. In the exhibition hall, there is a miniature representation of an ancient city, believed to be 3,500 years old, whose ruins were une

22、arthed in Zhengzhou in 1955. It presents a vivid picture of our ancestors smelting metals, making pottery, and polishing bone tools during the Bronze Culture of the Shang Dynasty. Ruins at Dahe Village In the autumn of 1964, a site of 300,000 square meters representing the Yangshan and Longshan cult

23、ures of the Neolithic Period was discovered at Dahe Village in the northern suburbs of Zhengshou. The ruins of house foundations, dating back five thousand years, show separate inner and outer rooms - indicating that group marriage probably no longer existed and that families in which young couples

24、lived separately from their parents had appeared. Ruins of an Ancient City of the Shang Dynasty These ruins cover an area of twenty-five square kilometers in downtown Zhengzhou. In 1955, a city wall of seven kilometers was discovered on the site. Archaeologists have found ruins of house foundations,

25、 cellars, water wells, ditches, and graves. Ornaments and tools made of bronze, stone, bone, shell, and jade were found on the site, as well as pottery and primitive china. Outside the walls, the ruins of various workshops were discovered, among which were foundries for smelting bronze and workshops

26、 for making pottery and for polishing bone articles. These archaeological finds in Zhengzhou provide valuable materials for the study of Shang Dynasty society, particularly with regard to the formation and development of ancient cities in China. Ancient Tomb at Dahu Pavilion One of the largest grave

27、s of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. - A.D. 220) can be found in suburban Zhengzhou. It is a brick and stone structure in the shape of a covered boat. In addition to the main hall where the coffin was placed, there were a west, a middle, and a small room. The walls and ceilings of the grave chambers are c

28、overed with paintings and stone carvings that reflect the life of the deceased. Depicting such scenes as rent collection, cooking and dining, hunting, traveling in carts and on horseback, and singing and dancing, they provide valuable data for historical research into the politics, culture, and econ

29、omy of the Eastern Han Dynasty. February 7 Memorial Towers These twin towers, sixty-three meters high, stand in the center of the city. They have three levels at the bottom and nine levels on the upper structure. They were built in memory of a railway workers strike that started in Zhengzhou on Febr

30、uary 4, 1923, and spread to the entire Beijing-Hankou line. On February 7, Wu Peifu, a warlord, ordered his soldiers to fire on the strikers, killing several Chinese Communist Party members and trade union leaders. Mangshan Park Situated to the north of Zhengzhou, this scenic park on Mangshan Mounta

31、in affords a birds-eye view of the Yellow River. The mountain, which stretches from Zhengzhou in the east to Luoyang in the west, is part of the Qinling Range and forms a natural barrier between Zhengzhou and the river. This densely wooded mountain beside the Yellow River has attracted many famous w

32、riters and poets throughout Chinese history. Mount Songshan Driving southwestward from Zhengzhou for an hour and a half will bring you to Mount Songshan. Its peak, towering 1,550 meters above sea level, is the highest of the twenty-two peaks of the Funiu Range. Songshan rises from the Central China

33、Plain; being the middle-most of the five sacred mountains of China, it is sometimes also called Central Mountain. It contains many scenic spots and places of historical interest, of which Shaolin Monastery, the Songyang School of Classical Learning, the Han Imperial Palaces, Star Observatory Terrace (Guanxingtai), an