国际贸易实务英文名词解释英to英.docx

国际贸易实务英文名词解释英to英.docx

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国际贸易实务英文名词解释英to英

国际贸易实务英文名词解释（英to英）

What’sInternationalTrade?

Theinternationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesproducedinonecountryforgoodsandservicesproduced

inanothercountry.

EXPORTING

Exportingistheprocessofearningmoneybyprovidingtherightproductattherightpriceattherighttimeintherightplacebeyondyourhomeboundary.Theultimategoalistomakesurethattheexporteristobepaidforthegoodshesells.

EXW

EXWmeansthesellerdeliverswhenheplacesthegoodsatthedisposalofthebuyerattheseller’spremises（法定地址）oranothernamedplace.Thesellerdoesn’tnotdeclarethegoodsforexportandheneedn’tloadgoodsonanycollectingvehicle.

FAS

Freealongsideshipmeansthatthesellerdeliverswhenthegoodsareplacedalongsidethevesselatnamedportofshipment.Thismeansthatthebuyerhastobearallcostsandrisksofthegoodsfromthatmoment.

FOB

FreeonBoardmeansthesellerdeliverswhenthegoodspasstheship’srailatthenamedportofshipment.Thismeansthatthebuyerhastobearallthecostsandrisksfromthatpoint.TheFOBtermsrequirethesellertoclearthegoodsforexport.

CFR

Costandfreightmeansthatthesellerdeliverswhenthegoodspassship’srailatthenamedportofshipment

CIF

CIFmeansthatthesellerbearsthesameobligationsasunderCFR.Inadditionalthathehastoprocuremarineinsuranceagainstthebuyer’sriskoflossordamagetothegoodsduringthecarriage.Thesellercontractsforinsuranceandpaytheinsurancepremium.

FCA,Freecarrier（…Namedplace）

Itmeansthatthesellerfulfilshisobligationtodeliverwhenhehashandedoverthegoods,clearedforexport,intothecustodyofthecarriernamedbythebuyeratthenamedplaceorpoint.Ifnoprecisepointisindicatedbythebuyer,thesellermaychoosewithintheplaceorrangestipulatedwherethecarriershalltakechargeofthegoods.When,accordingtocommercialpractices,theseller’sassistanceisrequiredinmakingthecontractwiththecarrier,thesellermayactatthebuyer’sriskandexpenses.

CPT,Carriagepaidto（…namedplaceofdestination）运费付至（…指定目的地）

 Itmeansthatthesellerpaysthefreightforthecarriageofthegoodstothenameddestination,theriskof,lossof,ordamagetothegoods,aswellasanyadditionalcostsduetoeventsoccurringafterthetimethegoodshavebeendeliveredtothecarrier,istransferredfromthesellertothebuyerwhenthegoodshavebeendeliveredintothecustodyofthecarrier.

CIP,Carriageandinsurancepaidto（…namedplaceofdestination）运费保险费付至（…指定目的地）

ItmeansthatthesellerhasthesameobligationsasunderCPTbutwiththeadditionthatthesellerhastoprocurecargoinsuranceagainstthebuyer’sriskof,lossof,ordamagetothegoodsduringthecarriage.Thesellercontractsforinsuranceandpaystheinsurancepremium.        

DES,DeliveredExShip（…namedportofdestination）船上交货（…指定目的港）

Itmeansthatthesellershallmakethegoodsavailabletothebuyeronboardtheshipatthedestinationnamedinthesalescontract.Thesellerhastobearthefullcostandrisksinvolvedinbringingthegoodsthere.

DEQ,DeliveredexQuay（…namesportofdestination）码头交货（…指定目的港）

Itmeansthatthesellermakesthegoodsavailabletothebuyeronthequayatthedestinationnamedinthesalescontract.Thesellerhastobearthefullcostandrisksinvolvedonbringingthegoodsthere.

DDU,DeliveredDutyUnpaid（…namedplaceofdestination）未完税交货（…指定目的地）

Itmeansthatthesellerfulfilshisobligationtodeliverwhenthegoodshavebeenmadeavailableatthenamedplaceinthecountryofimportation.Thesellerhastobearallthecostsandrisksinvolvedinbringingthegoodsthere,aswellasthecostandriskofcarryingoutcustomsformalitiesforexport.Thebuyerhastopayanyadditionalcostsandbearanyriskscausedbyhisfailuretoclearthegoodsforimportintime.

DDP，DeliveredDutyPaid（…namedplaceofdestination）完税后交货（…指定目的地）

Itmeansthatthesellerfulfilshisobligationtodeliverwhenthegoodshavebeenmadeavailableatthenamedplaceinthecountryofimportation.Thesellerhastobearalltherisksandcostsincludingduties,taxesandotherchargesfordeliveringthegoods,clearingforimportation.Itrepresentsthemaximumobligationbornebytheseller. 

DAF,DeliveredAtFrontier（…namedplace）边境交货（…指定地点）

Itmeansthatthesellerfulfilshisobligationtodeliverwhenthegoodshavebeenmadeavailable,clearedforexport,atthenamedpointofplaceatthefrontier,butbeforethecustomsborderofthecountrynamedinthesalescontract.

Qualityofgoods

Thequalityofgoodsreferstotheoutwardappearanceandtheessentialqualityofthegoods,suchasshape,structure,color,flavorswellaschemicalcomposition,physicalandmechanicalproperty,biologicalfeature,etc.Ininternationaltrade,qualityofthegoodsnotonlyconcernsthevalueinuseandthepriceofthegoods,butalsoconcernsthesalesofthegoodsandcreditstandingofthemanufacturer.

Salebysamples. 

Thesamplereferstothearticlewhichcanbeusedtorepresentthequalityofthewholelot.Salebysampleincludestreecases,i.e.,salebytheseller’ssampleandsale,salebythebuyer’ssampleandsalebycountersample

Salebyactualquality:

（以实际品质交货）

Inthiscase,thebuyerorhisagentexaminesthegoodsatseller’splaceatfirst.Aftertheyconcludeadeal,thesellershalldeliverthegoodsaccordingtothegoodsexamined.

Salebydescription:

（以说明表示）

Ininternationalbusiness,mostcommoditiesaresuitabletosalebydescriptionwhichcanbesubdividedinto7kinds

Salebyspecification:

（凭规格买卖）

Thespecificationofthegoodsreferstocertainmainindicatorswhichindicatethequalityofthegoods,suchascomposition,content,purity,size,length,etc.

Salebygrade:

（凭等级买卖）

Thegradeofthegoodsreferstotheclassificationsofthecommodityofthegoodswhichisindicatedbywords,numbersorsymbols.Theclassificationsareusuallydecidedbydifferentqualities,weights,compositions,appearances,properties,etc.

Salebystandard:

（凭标准买卖）

Thestandardreferstothespecificationsorgradeswhicharestipulatedandannouncedbythegovernmentorthechambersofcommerce,etc.

F.A.Q.:

（良好平均品质）

Intheinternationalagriculturalandby-productmarket,thereisacommonlyadoptedstandard,i.e.,fairaveragequality.F.A.Q.referstotheaverageleveloftheexportcommoditywithinacertainperiodoftime.

Salebybrandnameortrademark:

凭商标品牌买卖

Astothegoodswhosequalityisstable,reputationissoundandwithwhichthecustomersarequitefamiliar,wemaysellitbybrandnameortrademark.（奔驰汽车）

Salebynameoforigin:

凭产地名称买卖

Therearesomeagriculturalproductsandby-productswhoseoriginsarewell-knownallovertheworld.

Salebydescription:

凭说明书和图样买卖

Thequalityofsomecommodities,suchastechnologicalinstruments,electricmachines,etc.cannotbesimplyindicatedbyqualityindexes,insteaditisquitenecessarytoexplainindetailthestructure,material,performanceaswellasmethodofoperation.Ifnecessary,pictures,photos,etc.mustalsobeprovided.

QualityTolerance品质公差

Thequalitytoleranceisusedinthetradeofindustrialproducts,whichmeansthatthequalityofthegoodsdeliveredbythesellerisallowedtohavecertaindifferenceswithinacertainrangesincesuchdifferencesareusuallyunavoidableandcommonlyacceptedastheusageofthesamespecialtrade.Qualitytoleranceismainlyusedforindustrialproducts

Qualitylatitude品质机动幅度

Thequalitylatitudemeansthatthequalityindexesofthegoodsdeliveredbythesellermaybecontrolledflexiblywithinacertainlatitude.

Thepackingofgoods

Ininternationaltradepackingisoneoftheessentialcomponentpartsofcommodityproduction.Generallyspeaking,onlypackedcommoditiescanenterintothecirculationfield,andattainthecommercialvalueandusevalueofthegoods.Packingcanprotectcommodityandkeepitgoodinqualityandintactinquantityinthecirculationprocess.

Neutralpackingandbranddesignatedbythebuyer   中性包装和定牌

Itmeansthatthereisneitheranameoftheorigin,noranameofthefactory,noratrade mark,abrand,orevenanywordsonthepackingofthecommodityandthecommodityitself.Itincludestwokinds:

packingwithtrademarkdesignatedbythebuyerbutwithoutthemarkofthemanufacturersandoriginspackingandwithouttrademarkandoriginsaswellasthemarkofthemanufacturers

Branddesignatedbythebuyer:

Itmeansthattheselleraddressesthetrademarkorbrandonthepackageofthecommodityorthecommodityitselfasbuyer’srequest.

定牌是指卖方按买方要求在其出售的商品或包装上标明买方指定的商标或品牌，这种做法叫定牌生产。

Shippingmark:

运输标志

这种标志又称唛头，通常是由一个简单的几何图形和一些字母、数字及简单的丈字组成。

Itisusuallymadeupofgeometricaldiagrams,letters,figuresandsimplewords.Thecontentsofshippingmarkareasfollows:

1.Consignee’scodeorConsignor’scode

2.ReferenceNumber

 3.Destination

4.Packagenumber

Theshippingmarkalsoincludethecontractnumber,grossandnetweight,origin,etc..

Indicativemark:

（指示性标志）

Thiskindofmarkisusedtoremindertherelativeworkersoftheitemsforattentionwhentheyload,unload,carryandstorethegoods,suchas‘handlewithcare’,‘keepdry’etc.

Warningmark:

  （警告性标志）

Itisalsocalleddangerouscargomark,whichisbrushedclearlyanddefinitelyontheshippingpackingoftheinflammable,explosive,poisonous,corrosivegoods,soastogivewarningstotheworkers.

CommodityInspection

Theinspectionofcommoditiesreferstothatinspectioninstitutionsshouldexaminethequality,quantity,packing,etc.ofcommoditiesdeliveredbythesellerinordertomakesurethatthegoodsareexactlyinco