考研英语一真题及参考答案.docx

考研英语一真题及参考答案.docx

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考研英语一真题及参考答案

2017年考研英语一真题及参考答案

SectionI UseofEnglish

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

　　Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?

Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!

” 1 helpingyoufeelcloseand  2 topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa 3 ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou 4 gettingsickthiswinter.

　　Inarecentstudy  5  over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs 6 theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing 7 tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome   8  withacold,andtheresearchers 9 thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging 10  about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect. 11 amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere  12 .

　　“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe  13 riskforcoldsthat’susually 14 withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps  15 thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp  16 difficulty.”

　　Someexperts  17  thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”  18  itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit  19  inthebrain,whereit  20 mood,behaviorandphysiology.

　　1．[A] Unlike      [B] Besides       [C] Despite      [D] Throughout

　　【答案】[B] Besides

　　2．[A] connected    [B] restricted       [C] equal       [D] inferior

　　【答案】[A] connected

　　3．[A] choice      [B] view           [C] lesson       [D] host

　　【答案】[D] host

　　4．[A]   recall      [B] forget        [C] avoid      [D] keep

　　【答案】[C] avoid

　　5．[A] collecting   [B] involving      [C] guiding    [D] affecting

　　【答案】[B] involving

　　6．[A] of         [B] in             [C] at         [D] on

　　【答案】[D] on

　　7．[A] devoted      [B] exposed      [C] lost      [D] attracted

　　【答案】[B] exposed

　　8．[A] across       [B] along          [C] down      [D] out

　　【答案】[C] down

　　9．[A] calculated    [B] denied         [C] doubted   [D] imagined

　　【答案】[A] calculated

　　10．[A] served      [B] required        [C] restored   [D] explained

　　【答案】[D] explained

　　11．[A] Even        [B] Still             [C] Rather      [D] Thus

　　【答案】[A] Even

　　12．[A] defeats      [B] symptoms      [C]  tests      [D] errors

　　【答案】[B] symptoms

　　13．[A] minimized    [B] highlighted      [C] controlled    [D] increased

　　【答案】[D] increased

　　14．[A] equipped     [B]associated         [C]presented     [D]compared

　　【答案】[B] associated

　　15．[A] assess      [B]moderate         [C]generate       [D]record

　　【答案】[C]generate

　　16．[A] inthefaceof [B]intheformof      [C]inthewayof   [D]inthenameof

　　【答案】[A] inthefaceof

　　17．[A] transfer     [B]commit         [C]attribute       [D]return

　　【答案】[C]attribute

　　18．[A] because      [B]unless         [C]though      [D]until

　　【答案】[A] because

　　19．[A] emerges     [B]vanishes        [C]remains      [D]decreases

　　【答案】[C]remains

　　20．[A] experiences  [B]combines       [C]justifies     [D]influences

　　【答案】[D]influences

　　SectionII ReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

　　Text1

　　Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

　　Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:

WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

　　Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration（TSA）foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons---bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago’sO’HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.

　　Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

　　ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:

EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpedited  screeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

　　Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

　　TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

　　21.thecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

　　[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

　　[B]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorUSairports.

　　[C]explainAmericans’toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

　　[D]emphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

　　【答案】[C]explainAmericans’toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

　　22.whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?

　　[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

　　[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

　　[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

　　[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

　　【答案】[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

　　23.Theword“expedited”（Line4,Para.5）isclosestinmeaningto

　　[A]faster.

　　[B]quieter.

　　[C]wider.

　　[D]cheaper.

　　【答案】[A]faster.

　　24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

　　[A]Adramaticreductionofitsscale.

　　[B]Itswrongly-directedimplementation.

　　[C]Thegovernment’sreluctancetobackit.

　　[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

　　【答案】[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

　　25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

　　[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

　　[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

　　[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

　　[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

　　【答案】[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

　　Text2

　　“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope（TMT）,agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.

　　AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

　　OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

　　Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland’sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

　　Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifanswe