届河北省石家庄市高三模拟考试二英语试题解析版.docx

届河北省石家庄市高三模拟考试二英语试题解析版.docx

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届河北省石家庄市高三模拟考试二英语试题解析版

河北省石家庄市2020届高三模拟考试

（二）英语试题

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Beingtheworld’smosttrustedvolunteerabroadorganization,IVHQ（InternationalVolunteerHeadquarters）offersvolunteerprogramsinmorethan50destinations.Hereareafewofthem.

MarineConservationProgram

VolunteersofthisprogramworkinQueensland,Australia.Youwilljoinconservationeffortslikecollectingsearubbish.

Requirements:

Volunteersneedtobe18yearsorover.Abletoswim.SpeakfluentEnglish.Presentapolicecheck.Havetravelinsurance.Completeourfreepre-departuretraining.

Fees:

1week$1,010,2weeks$2,020,3weeks$2,980

ShrinersHospitalsforChildrenProgram

VolunteersinShrinersHospitalsforChildreninHonolulu,Hawaiineedtopickuppatients,deliversuppliesandtutorpatients.

Requirements:

Volunteersmustbeatleast16yearsold.Availabletovolunteertwohoursperweekforatleastfivemonths.Agreetoapolicecheckandadrugtest.Weofferfreetraininguponyourarrival.

Fees:

Nofeesareneeded.

YouthSupportProgram

VolunteersareplacedincommunitycentersofNewOrleans,Louisiana,USAtoprovidetutoringandpositiveactivitiesfortheyouth.Youcanalsohelporganizationsbybeautifyingspaces,re-organizingclassroomsandpreparingmaterials.

Requirements:

Volunteersneedtobe18yearsorover.Havetravelinsuranceandprovideapolicecheck.Thetrainingfeeisincludedintheprogramfee.

Fees:

1week$520,2weeks$825,3weeks$1,125

Pre-SchoolEnglishProgram

VolunteersworkinginCusco,PeruwillteachEnglishinpre-schoolswithyoungerchildrenof4to5yearsold.

Requirements:

18yearsandover.Nopreviousteachingexperienceisrequired,butabasicunderstandingofSpanishis.Emergencycontact,policecheckandresume（简历）arerequired.Trainingwillbeconductedonlineforfree.

Fees:

1week,$320,2weeks$550,3weeks$735

1.Whichprogramsuitsa17-year-oldvolunteer?

A.MarineConservationProgram.B.ShrinersHospitalsforChildrenProgram

C.YouthSupportProgram.D.Pre-SchoolEnglishProgram.

2.WhatshouldthevolunteersdoinYouthSupportProgram?

A.Collectsearubbish.B.Pickupandtutorpatients.

C.Re-organizeclassrooms.D.TeachtheEnglishlanguage.

3.WhatisrequiredfortheprogramsinAustraliaandPeru?

A.Policecheck.B.Travelinsurance.

C.Drugtest.D.Emergencycontact.

B

MacinleyButsonwasjust16yearsoldwhenshefirsthadtheideatotryandprotectwomenfrommore-than-necessaryradiationduringbreastcancertreatments—andnow,herinventioncouldbeagame-changerinthemedicalfield.

Butson,whosefatherworksinmedicalphysics,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinscience.Butsheonlybeganresearchingtheharmfulsideeffectsofradiationtreatmentafterherfatherdiscussedhisexperiencewithineffectivecancertreatmentsinhiswork.SinceButsonhadalsorecentlylostarelativetobreastcancer,shefeltinspiredtoconductherownresearchonthesubject.Shetriedtobeginhermedicalresearchbyconsultingscientificjournals,butshefoundtheiracademictermsalmostimpossibletounderstand.

ShethenturnedtotheInternettofindvideosthattaughthowtoreadscientificjournals.Asshewentdeeperinherresearch,shestumbleduponakeybitofinformation:

copper（铜）hasbeenshowntobeeffectiveatprotectingskinfromradiation.AnideahitthisAustralianteenasshewasviewingafilmonmedievalwarsinher10thgradehistoryclass.Whenshesawthescaled（鳞片）patternsofthemail（盔甲）,shewasinspiredtocreateawearableprotectivetooloutofcopper.Shethenheadedbackonlineandwatchedvideosonhowtoputtogethertinyscales.Shemadeherownflexiblescale-mailwhichshenowcallsSMART:

ScaleMailforRadiationTherapy.

Whenherinventionwastestedinalaboratorysetting,itreducedsurfaceexposuretounnecessaryradiationby75%.AndnowButsonisworkingongettingherSMARTintoclinicalsettingsforuse.

4.WhydidMacinleyButsonstartherresearch?

A.Toassistherfatherwithhiswork.B.Tosaveherrelativefromcancer.

C.Topublishsomearticlesinjournals.D.Tofindeffectivewaystotreatcancer.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stumbledupon"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Cameacross.B.Missed.

C.Passedon.D.Required.

6.WheredidMacinleyBustongetinspirationforherinvention?

A.Videosonline.B.Scientificjournals.

CHistorytextbooks.D.Soldiersdefensiveclothes.

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMacinleyBuston?

A.Stubborn.B.Creative.

C.Selfless.D.Considerate.

C

YogaisanancientphysicalandspiritualpracticeoriginatinginIndia.Theword“yoga”comesfromSanskrit（梵文）andmeanstojoinortounite,symbolizingtheunionofbodyandmind.Todayitispracticedinvariousformsaroundtheworldandcontinuestogrowinpopularity.Recognizingitsuniversalappeal,theUnitedNationsdeclared21JuneastheInternationalDayofYogain2014toraiseawarenessworldwideofthemanybenefitsofpracticingyoga.

Yogaisaninvaluablegiftfromanancienttradition.It’snotjustaboutexercisebutawaytodiscoverthesenseofonenesswithyourselfnatureandtheworld.Thereisnowrittenrecordofwhoinventedyoga.Yogapractitioners（从业者）passeddowntheprinciplestotheirstudents.TheearliestwrittenrecordofyogaisgenerallybelievedtohavebeenwrittenbyPatanjali,anIndianmasterwholivedsomewherebetween2,000and2,500yearsago.

Variousyogatypesgiveyoumultiplechoices.Hathayogaisthemostwidelypracticedtypeandisexcellentforbeginners.Itisgentlewithslowandsmoothmovements.Kundaliniyogacombinesasingingsessionbesidesbodyandmentalcontrol.Bikramyogaispracticedinaheatedroom.Itistoloosenmusclesandtosweattocleanthebodyandremovesymptomsofdiseaseandpain.Ashtangayogaistaughtasadifficultworkoutwhereyoumovequicklyfromonegesturetoanothertobuildstrengthandpatience.

Inrecentyears,theWorldHealthOrganizationhasurgedcountriestohelptheircitizensreducephysicalinactivity,whichisamongthetoptenleadingcausesofdeathworldwide,andakeyriskfactorfornon-communicablediseases,suchascanceranddiabetes.Yogaisaproperexercise.Itisknownforitsabilitytoeasestressandanxiety.Itmayalsohelpreduceseveralriskfactorsforheartdiseasesandpromoteabettersleep.

8.WhydidtheUnitedNationssettheInternationalDayofYoga?

A.TopromotetheresearchintoSanskrit.

B.TohelppeopleknowmoreaboutIndia.

C.TopopularizeYogapracticeworldwide.

D.Togiveadeclarationonculturaldiversity.

9WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Theprinciplesofyoga.B.Thehistoryofyoga.

C.Thebenefitsofyoga.D.AnIndianyogamaster.

10.Whatwillyouchooseifyou’relookingforachallengingexercise?

A.Hathayoga.B.Kundaliniyoga.

C.Bikramyoga.D.Ashtangayoga.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Physicalinactivitycausesdeadlydiseases・

B.Yogacanhelppreventcommunicablediseases.

C.Littleornoexerciseputspeople’shealthatrisk.

D.Yogacanbeacureformanykindsofdiseases.

D

Around45%ofplasticwasteisrecycledannuallyintheUKandisontheincrease.However,oneoftheproblemswithpresentplasticrecyclingmethodsisthatyouendupwithalower-qualityplasticwithworseproperties（特性）thantheoriginal.Thismeansthatplasticdrinkbottlescannotsimplyberecycledintonewdrinkbottlescontinuously,butinsteadareusedforotherlower-gradeproductslikeparkbenches.

Now,Britishscientistshavedevelopedanewmethodofchemicalrecycling.Theyuselowertemperaturesandmoreenvironmentally-friendlystartingchemicalsthanpreviousmethodstoturnplasticsbackintotheirconstituentchemicalmolecules（分子）.Inthisway,theycanbeusedtomakenewplasticsofthesamequalityastheoriginal.

"Mostplasticisnowrecycledusingmechanicalmethods,wheretheyaretransformedintoliquidsbeforebeingmadeintosomethingnew,"saidaprofessornamedMatthewJones."Theproblemis,meltingplasticchangesitspropertiesandreducesthequality.Outmethodofchemicalrecyclingovercomesthisproblem.Thenplasticscanbeusedalloveragainwithoutlosinganyproperties?

"

Theresearchersarerecyclingsomekindsofplastics,includingplant-basedPLA,aplasticusedforfoodpackagingandPET,whichisusedfordrinkbottles.Sofar,thetechnologyhasonlybeendemonstratedonasmallrange.However,scientistsarenowworkingtoproducelargerquantitiesofstartingchemicals.

"Thereisnosinglesolutiontotheproblemofplasticwaste—theapproachhastobeacombinationofreducing,reusingandrecycling.Ourmethodofchemicalrecyclingcouldallowcarbontoberecycledendlesslyratherthandiggingmoreupfromthegroundintheformoffossilfuels,orlettingitintotheatmosphereasagreenhousegas,"saidDr.PaulMcKeownfromtheUniversityofBath.

12.Whatistheproblemwiththepresentplasticrecycling?

A.Thequalityofrecycledplasticsdeclines.

B.Plasticdrinkbottlescannotberecycled.

C.Theamountofplasticwasteisincreasing.

D.Recycledlower-gradeproductssellbadly.

13.Howdoscientistsrecycleplasticwastewiththenewmethod?

A.Bytransformingitintofuels.

B.Byheatingitintoliquidstate.

C.Bykeepingitsoriginalproperties.

D.Bychangingitsmoleculestructure.

14.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatDr.PaulMcKeownsaid?

A.Fossilfuelsareendlessresources.

B.Theplasticwasteproblemhasnosolution.

C.Recycledcarbonleadstogreenhousegases.

D.Thechemicalrecyclingisenvironme