高考英语真题汇总附带解析.docx
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高考英语真题汇总附带解析
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷Ⅰ)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话读一遍。
例:
Howmuchistheshirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?
A.Inaclassroom. B.Inahospital.
C.Inamuseum.
2.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?
A.Takefitnessclasses.
B.Buyapairofgymshoes.
C.Changehisworkschedule.
3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.
C.Whentoleave.
4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.
C.Strangers.
5.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?
A.Shemightwantaticket.
B.Sheislookingfortheman.
C.Shehasanextraticket.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?
A.10years.B.13years.
C.15years.
7.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJames'situation?
A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.
C.Disappointed.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.WhathasKate'smotherdecidedtodo?
A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.
C.Retirefromwork.
9.WhatdidKate'smotherstudyatcollege?
A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.
C.Businessadministration.
10.WhatisKate'sattitudetowardhermother'sdecision?
A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.
C.Understanding.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.Whatisthemandoing?
A.Chairingameeting.
B.Hostingaradioprogram.
C.Conductingajobinterview.
12.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?
A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders'guidance.
C.Herfriends'help.
13.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?
A.Herteacher.B.Herfather.
C.Hermother.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?
A.Helacksmotivation.B.Hehasaheartproblem.
C.Heworksallthetime.
15.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?
A.He'sanathlete.B.He'saresearcher.
C.He'sajournalist.
16.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?
A.Toencouragetheman.
B.Torecommendanexercise.
C.Tosupportherfindings.
17.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?
A.300minutes.B.150minutes.
C.75minutes.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?
A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.
C.Theyblockedit.
19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?
A.It'swarm.B.It'sbrown.
C.It'ssmooth.
20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientists'experiment?
A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.
B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.
C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.
答案:
1-5 BABCA 6-10 CBACC 11-15 BACAB
16-20 ACBAC
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
NeedaJobThisSummer?
Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.
Notastudent?
Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.
JobsforYouth
Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.
Whoiseligible:
Youth1518yearsoldinselectcommunities(社区).
SummerCompany
SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhandsonbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.
Whoiseligible:
Studentsaged1529,returningtoschoolinthefall.
StewardshipYouthRangerProgram
YoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.
Whoiseligible:
Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.
SummerEmploymentOpportunities(机会)
ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.
Whoiseligible:
Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。
文章介绍了省政府及其合作者提供的面向学生的四则暑期工作公告。
21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?
A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.
B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.
C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.
D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.
解析:
选B。
细节理解题。
根据题干中的关键词SummerCompany可定位到第二则暑期工作公告。
浏览四则工作公告可发现,只有SummerCompany部分中提到了awards“奖励”以及$3,000这样的字眼。
由此可知,SummerCompany的特别之处在于B项“它为经营新业务提供奖励”。
22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?
A.1518. B.1524.
C.1529.D.1617.
解析:
选D。
细节理解题。
根据题干中的关键词StewardshipYouthRangerProgram可定位到第三则暑期工作公告。
根据本部分中的关键信息句“Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.”可知,这个项目的年龄要求是16岁或17岁,且在今年12月31日前不能满18岁。
故选D。
23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?
A.JobsforYouth.
B.SummerCompany.
C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.
D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.
解析:
选D。
细节理解题。
根据题干中的关键词thedisabled(残疾人)可定位到最后一则暑期工作公告中的“personswithadisability”,两者属于典型的同义词替换。
这个项目对残疾人在年龄方面给予了特别照顾。
故选D。
B
ForCanaanElementary'ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit'sChrisPalaez'sturn.The8yearoldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.
Buthe'snervous.“I'mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynonnativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles.Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.
Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.
LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon'tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”
Whaleygottheideaofthissecondgradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.
“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。
文章讲述了小学教师Whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。
24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?
A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.
C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.
解析:
选B。
细节理解题。
根据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到第二段第一句。
根据第一段中“...todayisspeechday,andrightnowit'sChrisPalaez'sturn.”和“...heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.”可知,今天是演讲日,现在轮到了Chris,虽然他看起来像那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子,但是他很紧张。
由此可知,演讲使Chris紧张。
25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inParagraph2referto?
A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.
C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.
解析:
选A。
词义猜测题。
根据第二段中“youshould...should...”以及“...Votefor...me...”这样的语句特点可知,Chris的演讲不流畅,也就是说有不适当的停顿。
这是他表现不好的地方,与划线词后的句意“他完成得非常好”构成转折关系,与短语“exceptfor”相呼应。
26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley'sprojectisto
________.
A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengths
B.assessstudents'publicspeakingskills
C.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs
D.inspirestudents'loveforpolitics
解析:
选A。
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段中“Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.”可知,Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲,他还希望学生学会自夸。
A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”,与原文意思相符。
27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?
A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.
C.Caring.D.Demanding.
解析:
选C。
推理判断题。
文章介绍了Whaley老师通过创办“总统竞选项目”,组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信;根据第二段中的“Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.”和“...Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraise.”等细节亦可看出Whaley老师是一个关心学生的人。
长难句:
Whaleygottheideaofthissecondgradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.
译文:
有一天,惠利问孩子们,如果他们认为自己永远成不了总统的话就举手,于是他想到了这个二年级的总统竞选项目。
分析:
本句是一个主从复合句。
when至句末是when引导的时间状语从句,从句中又含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。
C
Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivateespaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.
ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalowcostdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:
asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.
Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.
Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacoll