英语专业八级改错真题1999完整含答案版本解析.docx

英语专业八级改错真题1999完整含答案版本解析.docx

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英语专业八级改错真题1999完整含答案版本解析

99年改错

PartⅡProofreadingandErrorCorrection（15min） 

ThefollowingpassagecontainsTENerrors.EachlinecontainsamaximumofONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway.

Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

Foranunnecessarywordcrossouttheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/’andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline. 

Example 

When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,

（1）an 

itnever／buysthingsinfinishedformandhangs

（2）never 

themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum 

wantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.（3）exhibit 

Thehunter-gatherertribesthattodayliveasourprehistoric1.______

humanancestorsconsumeprimarilyavegetabledietsupplementing2._____

withanimalfoods.Ananalysisof58societiesofmodemhunter-

gatherers,includingtheKungofsouthernAfrica,revealedthatone

halfemphasizegatheringplantfoods,one-thirdconcentrateonfishing

andonlyone-sixthareprimarilyhunters.Overall,two-thirds

andmoreofthehunter-gatherer’scaloriescomefromplants.Detailed3.______

studiesoftheKungbythefoodscientistsattheUniversityof

London,showedthatgatheringisamoreproductivesourceoffood

thanishunting.Anhourofhuntingyieldsinaverageabout1004.______

ediblecalories,asanhourofgatheringproduces240.5.______

Plantfoodsprovidefor60percentto80percentoftheKung6._______

diet,andnoonegoeshungrywhenthehuntfails.Interestingly,if

theyescapefatalinfectionsoraccidents,thesecontemporary

aborigineslivetooldagesdespiteoftheabsenceofmedicalcare.7._______

Theyexperiencenoobesity,nomiddle-agedspread,littledental

decay,nohighbloodpressure,onheartdisease,andtheirblood

cholesterollevelsareverylow（abouthalfoftheaverageAmerican8._______

adult）,ifnooneissuggestingwhatwereturntoanaboriginallife9.________

style,wecertainlycouldusetheireatinghabitsasamodelfor10.________

healthierdiet.

2000改错

ThegrammaticalwordswhichplaysolargeapartinEnglish 

grammarareforthemostpartsharplyandobviouslydifferent1._______ 

fromthelexicalwords.Aroughandreadydifferencewhichmay 

seemthemostobviousisthatgrammaticalwordshave“less 

meaning”,butinfactsomegrammarianshavecalledthem2._______ 

“empty”wordsasopposedinthe“full”wordsofvocabulary.3.________

Butthisisarathermisledwayofexpressingthedistinction.4._________ 

Althoughawordliketheisnotthenameofsomethingasmanis, 

itisveryfarawayfrombeingmeaningless;thereisasharp5._________ 

differenceinmeaningbetween“manisvileand”“themanis 

vile”,yettheisthesinglevehicleofthisdifferenceinmeaning.6.________ 

Moreover,grammaticalwordsdifferconsiderablyamong 

themselvesastheamountofmeaningtheyhave,eveninthe7.________  

lexicalsense.Anothernameforthegrammaticalwordshasbeen 

“littlewords”.Butsizeisbynomeanagoodcriterionfor8._________ 

distinguishingthegrammaticalwordsofEnglish,whenwe 

considerthatwehavelexicalwordsasgo,man,say,car.Apart9.________ 

fromthis,however,thereisagooddealoftruthinwhatsome 

peoplesay:

wecertainlydocreateagreatnumberofobscurity10.________ 

whenweomitthem.Thisisillustratednotonlyinthepoetryof 

RobertBrowningbutintheproseoftelegramsandnewspaperheadlines.

2001改错

Duringtheearlyyearsofthiscentury,wheatwasseenasthe

verylifebloodofWesternCanada.Peopleoncitystreetswatched

theyieldsandthepriceofwheatinalmostasmuchfeelingasif 1._______

theyweregrowers.Themarketingofwheatbecameanincreasing 2._______

favoritetopicofconversation.

    Warsetthestageforthemostdramaticeventsinmarketing

thewesterncrop.Foryears,farmersmistrustedspeculativegrain

sellingascarriedonthroughtheWinnipegGrainExchange.

Wheatpricesweregenerallylowintheautumn,sofarmerscould 3._______

notwaitformarketstoimprove.Ithadhappenedtoooftenthat

theysoldtheirwheatsoonshortlyafterharvestwhenfarmdebts 4.________

werecomingdue,justtoseepricesrisingandspeculatorsgettingrich. 5._______

Onvariousoccasions,producergroups,askedfirmercontrol, 6._______

butthegovernmenthadnowishtobecomeinvolving,at 7.______

leastnotuntilwartimewhenwheatpricesthreatenedtorun

wild.

    Anxioustocheckinflationandrisinglifecosts,thefederal 8.______

governmentappointedaboardofgrainsupervisorstodealwith

deliveriesfromthecropsof1917and1918.GrainExchange

tradingwassuspended,andfarmerssoldatpricesfixedbythe

board.Tohandlewiththecropof1919,thegovernment appointed9.______

thefirstCanadianWheatBoard,withtotalauthorityto 10.______

buy,sell,andsetprices.

2002改错

Therearegreatimpedimentstothegeneraluseofastandard

inpronunciationcomparabletothatexistinginspelling（orthography）.

Oneisthefactthatpronunciationislearnt“naturally”

andunconsciously,andorthographyislearnt1__________

deliberatelyandconsciously.Largenumbersofus,infact,

remainthroughoutourlivesquiteunconsciouswithwhatourspeech2.__________

soundslikewhenwespeakout,anditoftencomesasashock3.__________

whenwefirstlyheararecordingofourselves.Itisnotavoicewe4._________

recognizeatonce,whereasourownhandwritingissomething

whichwealmostalwaysknow.Webeginthenaturallearning5.__________

ofpronunciationlongbeforewestartlearningtoreadorwrite,

andinourearlyyearswewentonunconsciouslyimitatingand6.__________

practicingthepronunciationofthosearoundusformanymore

hourspereverydaythanweeverhavetospendlearningevenour7.___________

difficultEnglishspelling.Thisis“natural”,therefore,thatour8.__________

speech-soundsshouldbethoseofourimmediatecircle;afterall,

aswehaveseen,speechoperatesasameansofholdingacommunity9.__________

andgivingasenseof'belonging'.Welearnquiteearlyto

recognizea“stranger”,someonewhospeakswithan

accentofadifferentcommunity-perhapsonlyafewmilesfar.10.__________

2003改错

DemographicindicatorsshowthatAmericansinthepostwar 

periodweremoreeagerthanevertoestablishfamilies.Theyquickly 

broughtdowntheageatmarriageforbothmenandwomenandbrought 

thebirthratetoatwentiethcenturyheightaftermorethanahundred

（1）______

yearsofasteadydecline,producingthe“babyboom.”Theseyoung

（2）_______

adultsestablishedatrendofearlymarriageandrelativelylarge 

familiesthatWentformorethantwodecadesandcausedamajor（3）_______

buttemporaryreversaloflong-termdemographicpatterns.From 

the1940Sthroughtheearly1960s,Americansmarriedatahighrate（4）________

andatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts.（5）________

Lessnotedbutequallymoresignificant,themenandwomenonwho（6）________

formedfamiliesbetween1940and1960neverthelessreducedthe（7）________

divorcerateafterapostwarpeak;theirmarriagesremainedintactto 

agreaterextentthandidthatofcoupleswhomarriedinearlieraswell（8）________

aslaterdecades.SincetheUnitedStatesmaintaineditsdubious（9）_________

distinctionofhavingthehighestdivorcerateintheworld,the 

temporarydeclineindivorcedidnotoccurinthesameextentin（10）_________

Europe.Contrarytofearsoftheexperts,theroleofbreadwinnerand 

homemakerwasnotabandoned.

2004改错

Oneofthemostimportantnon-legislativefunctionsoftheU.SCongress

isthepowertoinvestigate.Thispowerisusuallydelegatedtocommittees-either

standingcommittees,specialcommitteessetforaspecific

（1）________

purpose,orjointcommitteesconsistedofmembersofbothhouses.

（2）________

Investigationsareheldtogatherinformationontheneedfor

futurelegislation,totesttheeffectivenessoflawsalreadypassed,

toinquireintothequalificationsandperformanceofmembersand

officialsoftheotherbranches,andinrareoccasions,tolaythe（3）________

groundworkforimpeachmentproceedings.Frequently,committees

relyoutsideexpertstoassistinconductinginvestigativehearings（4）_________

andtomakeoutdetailedstudiesofissues.（5）_________

Thereareimportantcorollariestotheinvestigativepower.One

isthepowertopublicizeinvestigationsanditsresults.Most（6）_________

committeehearingsareopentopublicandarereported（7）__________

widelyinthemassmedia.Congressionalinvestigations

neverthelessrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakers（8）__________

toinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterestsinnationalissues.

（9）________

Congressionalcommitteesalsohavethepowertocompel

testimonyfromunwillingwitnesses,andtociteforcontempt

ofCongresswitnesseswhorefusetotestifyandforperjury

thesewhogivefalsetestimony.（10）_________

2005改错

TheUniversityasBusiness

Anumberofcollegesanduniversitieshaveannouncedsteep

tuitionincreasesfornextyearmuchsteeperthanthecurrent,

verylow,rateofinflation.Theysaytheincreasesareneededbecause

ofalossinvalueofuniversityendow