专业学位硕士研究生英语教程02.docx
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专业学位硕士研究生英语教程02
Unit2
MenV.S.(against)Women男女有别
Preview
Youwereonceinvolvedinanintimaterelationshipwiththeoppositesex;ifnot,justthinkaboutyourparentsorothercouplesyouarefamiliarwith.Smartasyouare,youmayhavenoticedthatnorelationshipcanavoidfrustrationorconflict,nomatterhowhardthetwoinvolvedtrytounderstandandcompromise.Giventheirdiversepatternsoffeeling,communicating,andresponding,thereisreasontobelievethatmenandwomenbelongtodifferentspecies(thoughtheyarebothhumanbeings),andtheneverythingcanbeexplained.
PartITextReading
Warm-up
I.Tencommoncomplaintsthatareeasilymisinterpreted.
Sometimes,menandwomenseldommeanthesamethingsevenwhentheyusethesamewords.Inthefollowingcharttencomplaintseasilymisinterpretedarelisted,aswellashowamanmightrespondunsupportively.
Womensaythingslikethis:
Menrespondlikethis:
Wenevergoout.
That'snottrue.Wewentoutlastweek.
Everyoneignoresme.
I'msuresomepeoplenoticeyou.
Iamsotired.Ican'tdoanything.
Ifyoudon'tlikeyourjob,thenquit.
Iwanttoforgeteverything.
Idon'tthinkthere'sanythingtoforget.
Thehouseisalwaysamess.
It'snotalwaysamess.
Noonelistenstomeanymore.
ButI'mlisteningtoyourightnow
Nothingisworking.
Areyousayingitismyfault?
Youdon'tlovemeanymore.
OfcourseIdo.That'swhyI'mhere.
Wearealwaysinahurry.
Wearenot.Fridaywewererelaxed.
Iwantmoreromance.
AreyousayingIamnotromantic?
Haveyouevercomplainedorrespondedinthesimilarway?
Pleaseusethesentencepattern:
women...whilemen...togeneralizemen'sandwomen'sspeakingpatterns.Example:
Womencomplainwhilemenignore.
Womentalkaboutfeelingswhilementalkaboutfacts.
Womencarewhilemengivethecoldshoulder.
II.Hereisaproblem!
Nowyouhaveknownsomedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,thenlet'spredictwhatbothwouldsayordowhenfacingthefollowingproblems.(Xmayrefertoeitheramanorawoman)
1.AfriendasksXtolendanamountofmoneywhichXcanbarelyafford.
IfXisawoman:
__________________________________________________________________
IfXisaman:
____________________________________________________________________
2.HereisaguyintheclassorintheofficewhoalwaysbulliesX.
IfXisawoman:
__________________________________________________________________
IfXisaman:
_________________________________________________________________
3.Xislaidoffandhardlyfindsanotherjob.
IfXisawoman:
__________________________________________________________________
IfXisaman:
__________________________________________________________________
4.ItseemsX'sspouseisinvolvedinanaffairwithanotherone.
IfXisawoman:
__________________________________________________________________
IfXisaman:
__________________________________________________________________
III.Annietellsyou!
Annieisamarriagecounselor.Hereisaletterfromoneofherclients.IfyouwereAnnie,whatadvicewouldyougive?
DearAnnie:
Iamayoungmarriedwoman.Myhusband,let'scallhim"Pete,"isverypossessiveandjealous.Healsohasanangerproblem.AnytimeIgotothestore,hewantstoknowexactlywhatstoreIamgoingto,whoI'mgoingwith,whenIamgoingtobehome,etc.Petewaslikethisalittlebitbeforewemarried,butsincewesaid"Ido,"ithasgottentothepointwherehewillcheckmyunderweartomakesureIhavereturnedhomeinthesamepair.DoesheexpectmetobuynewoneseverytimeIgoout?
Once,hewasreallydrunkandgotphysical.Ittookmeawhiletoforgivehimforthat,butIwillneverforgetit.Ifightwithhimconstantlyandweargueovereverything.Idon'twanttofilefordivorce,butthatseemslikemyonlychoice.Anyadviceforawomaninneed?
--FrustratedintheFarmland
Text
(Let)MenGotoTheirCavesandWomen(gototheir)Talk1男女顺其自然
JohnGray
[1]Oneofthebiggestdifferencesbetweenmenandwomenishowtheycopewith(dealwith)stress.Menbecomeincreasinglyfocusedandwithdrawnwhilewomenbecomeincreasinglyoverwhelmed(defeated)andemotionallyinvolved.Atthesetimes(Atthesemoments),aman'sneedsforfeelinggood(良好的感觉)aredifferentfromawoman's(needs).Hefeelsbetterbysolvingproblemswhileshefeelsbetterbytalkingaboutproblems.Notunderstandingandacceptingthesedifferencescreates(leadsto)unnecessaryfriction(conflict)inourrelationships(marriages).Let'slookatacommon(常见的)example.
[2]WhenTomcomeshome,hewantstorelaxandunwind(=relaxed)byquietlyreadingthenews.Heisstressed(bothered)bytheunsolvedproblemsofhisdayandfindsrelief(解脱->relieve)throughforgettingthem.
[3]Hiswife,Mary,alsowantstorelaxfromherstressfulday.She,however,wantstofind(relieve->)reliefbytalkingabouttheproblemsofherday.Thetensionslowlybuilding(strenthening累积)betweenthemgraduallybecomesresentment(hatred).
[4]SolvingthisproblemforTomandMarydependsnotonhowmuchtheylovedeachotherbutonhowmuchtheyunderstoodtheoppositesex.Withoutknowingthatwomenreallydoneedtotalkaboutproblemstofeelbetter,TomwouldcontinuetothinkMarytalkedtoomuchandresistlisteningtoher.WithoutknowingthatTomwasreadingthenewstofeelbetter,Marywouldfeelignoredandneglected.Shewouldpersistintryingtoget(make)himtotalkwhenhedidn'twantto.
CopingwithstressonMars2andVenus3
[5]WhenaMartian(火星人)gets(becomes)upsethenevertalksaboutwhatisbotheringhim.Hewouldneverburden(vt.bother)anotherMartianwithhisproblemunlesshisfriend'sassistance(help)wasnecessarytosolvetheproblem.Instead(Onthecontray)hebecomesveryquietandgoestohisprivatecave4(corner)tothinkabouthisproblem,mullingitovertofinda(tosolveaproblem<->toansweraquestion)solution.Whenhehasfoundasolution,hefeelsmuchbetterandcomesoutofhiscave.
[6]Ifhecan'tfindasolutionthenhedoessomethingtoforgethisproblems,like(suchas)readingthenewsorplayingagame.Bydisengaging(release)hismind(brain)fromtheproblemsofhisday,graduallyhecanrelax.Ifhisstressisreallygreatittakes(needs)gettinginvolvedwithsomethingevenmorechallenging,like(suchas)racing(drving)hiscar,(compete->)competinginacontest,orclimbingamountain.
[7]WhenaVenusian(woman)becomesupset(nervous)orisstressedbyherday,tofindrelief,sheseeksout(find)someoneshetrustsandthentalksingreatdetailabouttheproblemsofherday.WhenVenusians(women)sharefeelingsofbeingoverwhelmed,theysuddenlyfeelbetter.ThisistheVenusian(woman)way.
Findingreliefinthecave.
[8]Whenamanisstressedhewillwithdrawintothecaveofhismind(心灵的空间/时间:
独处的时刻)andfocusonsolvingaproblem.Hegenerally(usually)picks(choose)themosturgentproblemorthemostdifficult.Hebecomessofocused(absorbed)onsolvingthisoneproblemthathetemporarilylosesawarenessofeverythingelse.Otherproblemsandresponsibilitiesfadeintothebackground(退到幕后).
[9]Atsuchtimes(atsuchmoments),hebecomesincreasinglydistant,forgetful,unresponsive,andpreoccupiedinhisrelationships.Hisfullawareness(conscience)isnotpresentbecauseheismulling(thinking)overhisproblem,hopingtofindasolution.Themorestressedheis,themoregripped(occupied聚精会神)bytheproblemhewillbe.Atsuchtimesheisincapableofgivingawomantheattentionandfeelingthatshenormally(usually)receivesandcertainlydeserves.If,however,hecanfindasolution,instantly(immediately/atonce)hewillfeelmuchbetterandcomeoutofhiscave;suddenlyheisavailable(free)forbeinginarelationshipagain.
[10]However,ifhecannotfindasolutiontohisproblem,thenheremains(stick:
n./vi.)stuck(cornered)inthecave.Toget(free)unstuck(released)heisdrawntosolvinglittleproblems,like(suchas)readingthenews,watchingTV,drivinghiscar,doingphysicalexercise,watchingafootballgame,playingbasketball,and(soonand)soforth.Anychallengingactivitythat(initiate->)initially(=previously)requiresonly5percentofhismind(mentalenergy脑力)canassist(help)himinforgettinghisproblemsandbecomingunstuck.Thenthenextdayhecanredirecthisfocustohisproblemwithgreatersuccess(=moresuccessfully).[beatsb.’swit’send]
Findingreliefthroughtalking
[11]Whenawomanisstressedsheinstinctivelyfeelsaneedtotalkaboutherfeelingsandallthepossibleproblemsthatareassociatedwithherfeelings.Whenshebeginstalkingshedoesnot(priority->)prioritizethesignificanceofanyproblem.Ifsheisupset,thensheisupsetaboutitall,(nomateritis)bigandsmall.Sheisnot(medium介质)immediatelyconcernedwith(=worryaboutsth./sb.)findingsolutionstoherproblemsbutratherseeksreliefbyexpressingherselfandbeingunderstood.Byrandomlytalkingaboutherproblems,shebecomeslessupset(nervous).
[12]Asamanunderstresstendsto(likely)focusononeproblemandforgetothers,awomanunderstresstendstoexpandandbecomeoverwhelmed(defeated)byallproblems.Bytalkingaboutallpossibleproblemswithoutfocusingonproblemsolvingshefeelsbetter.Throughexploringherfeelingsinthisprocess(过程)shegains(gets)agreaterawareness(understanding)ofwhatisreallybotheringher,andthensuddenlysheisnolonger(notanymore不再)sooverwhelmed.
[13]Tofeelbetter,womentalkaboutpastproblems,futureproblems,potentialproblems,evenproblemsthathavenosolutions.Themoretalkandexploration,thebettertheyfeel.Thisisthewaywomenoperate(live).Toexpectother