英语文献翻译文档.docx

英语文献翻译文档.docx

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英语文献翻译文档

Theliteraturereview（domesticandforeignresearchanddevelopmenttrendofthecurrentsituation）

1.Domesticwastewatertreatmenttechnology

1.1ABAppliedTechnologyforWastewaterBiologicalTreatment

WastewaterTreatmentTechnologyAB（theABprocess）istheadsorption-processreferredtoasbiodegradable.ABTechnologyhavedevelopedrapidlyinrecentyears,andappliedtomuchurbansewagetreatmentplants.Provedthroughpractice,ABconventionalactivatedsludgeprocessandfmethodcomparedtotheefficiency,operationstability,projectinvestmentandoperationcost,etc.allhavedistinctivefeatures.

ABtwoactivatedsludgeprocessisdividedintosegmentsAandBsection,asectionoftheadsorptionsection,Bsectionforthebiologicaloxidationsection.ABAprocesshasamajorsectionoftheaerationtankstructure,intermediatesedimentationtank,Bsectionoftheaerationtankandsecondarysedimentationtank,usuallywithoutasettlingtank,theAsectionaswellasprocessingsystem.Asegmentandthesegmenthasaseparatesludgereturnsystem,sohasitsownuniquemicrobialpopulations,isconducivetothestabilityofsystemfunctions.

 ThebasicprinciplesofABProcess:

Asectionofcontinuousinoculationfromthesewersysteminthepipenetworksystemhassurvivedthenumberofbacteria,whichcanbeviewedasthedrainagesysteminthemiddleofahugereactor,inwhichalargenumberofbacteriasurviving,continuetoproliferatebutalsotoadaptto,outoftheprocessofoptimization,etc.,thusabletodevelopadaptiveandactivemicrobialcommunitiesarestrong.Thisprocessdoesnotsetasettlingtank,sothatallmicroorganismsinrawwastewaterintothesystem,sothatAsectionofabiologicaldynamicsofopensystems.

Asectionofhighload,isconducivetotheproliferationoffastgrowthandreproductionofmicroorganisms,andcanonlysurvivehereisstrongresistancetoimpactloadtheprokaryoticbacteriaandothermicroorganismscannotsurvive.Asectionofthetreatedwastewater,BODremovalof40to70percent,alsoimprovedbiodegradability,isconducivetotheworkofBsegments.

Asectionofthesludgeproductionratewashigheradsorptioncapacity,heavymetals,refractorymaterialandnitrogen,phosphorusandotherplantnutrientssuchastopassthroughthesludgeadsorption,andhavebeenremoved.

Asectiononorganicremoval,mainlybytheflockadsorption,biologicaldegradationaccountsforonlyabout1/3,duetothedominantroleofphysicalandchemicaleffects,therefore,aparagraphoftoxicsubstancesinwastewater,pH,organicloadingandtemperaturehavecertainadaptability.

SectionBSectionAofthereactionisbasedonthenormalwork,includingasectionoftheadsorptionoforganiccompoundsisveryimportant.Bsectionofthebiologicalsystemismainlycomposedoflonggenerationsofeukaryoticmicrobialcomposition,andaccordingtospecificprocessconditionschange.SectionBacceptedthebasicstabilityofwaterqualityandquantitiesare,almostwithoutregardtotheimpactload,togivefullplaytopurification.Asectionofthefunctionwiththeadditionofnitrogen,BOD/Nvaluedecreased,therefore,Bsegmentwiththenitrificationprocessconditions.

1.2SBRBiologicalTreatmentforWastewaterApplications

Sequencingbatch（intermittent）activatedsludgeprocess（SequencingBatchReactor）,referredtoastheSBRinrecentyearswidespreadattentionathomeandabroadisthegrowingnumberofnuclearresearchofawastewatertreatmentprocess,andanumberofproductionunitsarealreadyinoperation,witharangeofbetterthanconventionalactivatedsludgecharacteristics.

Atpresent,SBRprocessismainlyusedinurbansewageandindustrialwastewater（mainlyMSG,beer,pharmaceuticals,coke,food,paper,printinganddyeing,washing,dressing,etc.）processing.

SBRprocessisacertainorderbytheintermittentoperationoftheSBRreactoroperationcomposed.SBRprocessacompleteoperation,thateachSBRreactoroperationwhenthewastewatertreatment,includingfivephases:

fill,reaction,sedimentation,water,idle.SBR'smethodstointermittentoperationoftheoperatingconditionasthemainfeature.

SBRprocessoperationandconvenientoperation,thereactorisindescendingorderinspace,intermittent;intimeisarrangedinsequence,andintermittent.

1.3ApplicationsforWastewaterBiologicalTreatment

Sincethe70softhe20thcentury,peopleintheanaerobic/aerobicphosphorusremovalsystemandtheanoxic/aerobicnitrogenremovalsystembasedontheprinciple,alsoproposedsewagetreatmentsystem,willcombinethetwosystems,thesewagethroughanaerobic（Anaerobic）,anoxicandaerobic（Anoxic）andaerobic（Oxen）threebiologicaltreatmentprocesses（referredtoas

/O）,toachievesimultaneousremovalofBOD,nitrogen,phosphoruspurposes.Theprimaryfunctionsofanaerobicphosphorusrelease,whilepartoftheorganicmatterammonification.Theprimaryfunctionofanoxicdenitrification,nitrateisthroughtheinnerloopsentbytheaerobicreactor,amixtureofalargeamountofcirculating,usually2Q（Q-rawsewageflow）.Aerobicstageismultifunctional,removeorganicmatter,phosphorusdigestionandabsorptionofotheritemsarereflectedinthisparagraph.Thesethreereactionsareimportant,themixturecontainingNO3-N,thesludgecontainingexcessphosphorus,ThewaterintheBOD（orCOD）removalwereobtained.2Qmixtureflowbackfromtheanoxicreactorhere

1.4Theconventionalactivatedsludgebiologicalwastewatertreatment

Conventionalactivatedsludge,alsoknownashabitorknowntraditionalaerationactivatedsludge,wasthefirstuseofasludgemethod.

Inthenormaloperationoftheconventionalactivatedsludgeaerationtank,theaerationtankQiduan,returnactivatedsludgewithboilingwateroncefullymixed,activatedsludgefromwastewaterinalargenumberoforganicmatter.SincethenF/Misrelativelyhigh,sothegrowthrateofmicrobialgrowthgenerallyincreasedinthelatestagesofdeclineorgrowthrateofstage.Astheorganicmatterintheaerationtankmixedliquorcontinuouslyalongthelengthoftheoxidationpondandthecontinuoussynthesisofmicrobialcells,continuetolowertheconcentrationoforganicmatterinwater,F/Mbecomesmallerandsmaller,totheendofthepond,thegrowthofmicroorganismshaveenteredtheendogenousmetabolismperiod.Becausetheconventionalactivatedsludgeaerationtimelonger,youcanmoreorganicadsorptionandpurification,andtheaerationtankeffluentspeciesofmicroorganismshaveenteredtheendogenousmetabolismof,theiractivitieshaddiminishedcapacity,easytoprecipitateinthesedimentationtank.Afterthewastewaterintothesedimentationtank,wherealmostallorganicmatteris"eaten"bythestorageofmicrobialcellsbecomedepletedofmaterial,whichishungryactivatedsludgeactivityhasbeenfullyrestored,backtotheaerationtankAfteragoodadsorptioncapacityandoxidationoforganicmatter.Sotheconventionalactivatedsludgeprocessofbiochemicaloxygendemandandsuspendedsolidsremovalefficiencywasveryhigh,about90to95percent.Achievethishighremovalefficiency,commonlyknownas"fulltreatment."Ifyoudonotneedsuchhighprocessingrequirements,toreducetheamountofreturnsludgeandshortentheaerationtime,theso-called"partofthedeal."

1.5Applicationofoxidationditchtechnologybiologicalwastewatertreatment

  Activatedsludgeoxidationditchisavariant,theaerationtankditchesthatwereclosedtype,themixtureofsewageandactivatedsludgeinwhichthecycleofcontinuousflow,therefore,alsoknownasthe"ringaerationPool","Noendoftheaerationsystem."Crushedoutofwoodiswidelyusedintheoxidationditchtypesinclude:

PascalWeil（Passover）oxidationditchandCarrousel（Carrousel）oxidationditch,Auber（Orbal）oxidationditch,T-typeoxidationditch（coxidationditch）,DE-typeoxidationditchoxidationditchandintegration.

1.5.1Carrouseloxidationditch

CarrouseloxidationditchistheDHVfromtheNetherlandsin1967,thecompanydeveloped.Carrouseloxidationditchintheoriginalbasis,DHVCompanyandtheUnitedStatespatentlicensingcompanyhasinventedaCarrousel2000EIMCOsystemtoachieveahigherdemandforbiologicalnitrogenandphosphorusremovalcapabilities.

Carrouseloxidationditchaerationandagitationdevicesusingdirectional,relativetothelevelofthemixturespeedofdelivery,sothatthemixturewasstirredintheoxidationditchcirculatingwithintheclosedchannels.Therefore,oxidationditchhasaspecialhydraulicflowpattern,bothcompletelymixedreactorcharacteristics;thereareplug-flowreactors,thecharacteristicsoftrenchobviousdissolvedoxygenconcentrationgradient.Oxidationditchwithrectangularortrapezoidalcrosssection,flatshapeoftheoval,thetrenchdepthisgenerally2.5to4.5meters,widthtodepthratioof2:

1,hasawaterdepthof7m,theaveragespeedofwaterflowinditch0.3meterpersecond.Mixedoxidationditchaerationequipmentsurfaceaerators,aerationthebrushorwheel,jetaeratorconduitandriser-typeaeratorandsoon,thereiswaterinrecentyearswiththeuseofthrusters.

1.5.2Orbaloxidationditch

Orbaloxidationditcharegenerallycomposedofthreeconcentricovalchannel,waterchannelfromtheoutsidetoenter,andreturnsludgemixtureintothemiddleofthechannelfromtheoutsideandthenintothechannelwithinthechannel,thenthechanneltoloopuptotensofhundredsoftimes.Finally,theadjustableweirflowsbytheCenterforthedooroutoftheisland,andtothesettlingtank.Installedineachchannelhaveadifferentnumber