轮机英语补充题库一.docx
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轮机英语补充题库一
轮机英语补充题库一
最新《轮机英语》考证补充题
1.Therearefourmaintypesofmarineengines:
andthemarinenuclearplant.
A.thedieselengine,thesteamturbineanddual-fuelengine
B.thedieselengine,thesteamturbineandthegasturbine
C.thegas-dieselengine,thegasolineengineandthedieselengine
D.thegasolineengine,thedieselengineandthesteamturbine
注:
船用发动机有四种主要类型:
柴油机、汽轮机、燃气轮机和船舶核动力装置,选B。
2.Incrossheadenginesingoodconditionthecylinderoilconsumptionmayusuallybe .
A.bellow0.1g/hp.hr. B.above10g/hp.hr.
C.below1.0g/hp.hr. D.zero
注:
十字头式柴油机在状态良好的情况下气缸耗油率低于1.0g/hp.hr.,选C。
3.The isthepoweravailableattheoutputshaftoftheengineandcanbemeasuredusingatorsionmeterorwithabrake.
A.electricpower B.shaftpower C.indicatedpower D.mechanicalpower
注:
轴功率是指发动机输出轴上可获得的功率,可以使用扭矩表或刹车来测量,选B。
4.Thegreatestturbulenceinadieselenginecylinderiscreatedbythe .
A.shapeofthecombustionchamber
B.fuelinjectionspraypattern
C.cylindersweptvolume
D.degreeofpenetrationofthefueloildroplets
注:
柴油机气缸内最大的湍流是由燃油液滴的穿透程度产生的,选D。
5.Theliquidflowinginthecapillaryissuchthatthedifferencein_____readingstakenbeforethecapillaryandafteritisrelatedtotheoilviscosity.
A.pressure B.velocity C.flowrate D.temperature
注:
对于在毛细管内流动的液体,毛细管前后测取的压差与油的粘度有关,选A。
6.Thestartingairbottleshouldbepumpeduptomaximumpressurebythe_____beforestartoftheengine.
A.aircompressor B.refrigerationcompressor
C.vacuumpump D.purifier
注:
在发动机启动前,应使用空压机将启动空气瓶打到最大压力,选A。
7.Theprimarytaskofthecompressedairsystemistodeliverthestartingairnecessaryfor_____.
A.startingtheM.E. B.startingtheemergencyelectricalternator
C.drivingthemainturbine D.drivingtheturbocharger
注:
压缩空气系统的主要任务是为启动主机提供压缩空气,选A。
8.Aircompressorreceiversshouldbe“blowndown”atleast_____.
A.yearly B.quarterly C.monthly D.daily
注:
空气瓶应每天放残,选D。
9.Startingairforauxiliaryenginesmaybetakendirectlyfromthemainreservoirsorthrough .
A.anauxiliaryreservoir B.acontrollingairbottle
C.anemergencyaircompressor D.amainaircompressor
注:
辅机的启动空气可直接来自主空气瓶,也可来自辅空气瓶,选A。
10.Theairreservoirsmusthave_____fittedtopreventruptureintheeventoffire.
A.highpressurealarm B.firealarm C.extinguishers D.fusibleplugs
注:
空气瓶必须安装易熔塞,以防发生火灾时爆炸,选D。
11.Airreservoirsaredesigned,builtandtestedsimilarlyto_____.
A.boilerdrums B.hotwells C.condensers D.evaporators
注:
空气瓶的设计、建造和试验类似于锅炉的锅筒,选A。
12.Whentheprimemoversoftwoparalleledgeneratorsareequippedwithmechanical-hydraulicgovernors,andareoperatingwithintheirdesignedrange,theunitwiththeleastamountofspeeddroopwill_____.
A.pickupmoreofanyincreaseinload
B.pickuplessofanyincreaseinload
C.shareanequalamountofanyincreaseinload
D.dropanequalamountofanydecreaseinload
注:
当两台并车运行的发动机的原动机装有机械液压式调速器,并在设计范围内运行,速度降小的装置将会承担更多增加的负荷,选A。
13.Whichofthefollowingdevicesisacommonbasicelementwithnearlyallmechanicalgovernors?
A.Powerpiston B.Controlrack
C.Weightsactedonbycentrifugalforce D.Isochronousdroopspring
注:
受离心力作用的飞重是几乎所有机械式调速器共有的基本部件,选C。
14.Therequiredamountinthechangeofspeednecessarybeforeagovernorwillmakeacorrectivemovementisknownas_____.
A.speeddroop B.sensitivity C.stability D.promptness
注:
在调速器能做出纠正动作之前所需要的速度变化量,称为灵敏度,选B。
15.Whichofthefollowingdevicesiscommontobothmechanicalandhydraulicgovernors?
A.Directlinkagebetweentheball-headandfuelrack. B.Aservomotor.
C.Acompensatingdevice. D.Flyweights.
注:
对于机械和液压式调速器,飞重是共有的部件,选D。
16.Onmostdieselengines,thegovernorcontrolstheoutputspeedby_____.
A.controllingtheamountoffuelinjectedintothecylinders
B.varyingthespeedoftheturbocharger
C.adjustingthecompressionratio
D.changingthetimingofthefuelinjectioncamshaft
注:
在大多数柴油机中,调速器是通过控制喷入气缸的燃油量来调节速度的,选A。
17.Theabilityofthegovernortopreventfluctuationsinenginespeedistermed_____.
A.sensitivity B.stability C.promptness D.speeddroop
注:
调速器防止发动机速度波动的能力,称为稳定性,选B。
18.Oilmistdetectorsareusuallyusedonboardtodetectoilmistdensitywithin_____.
A.theenginecrankcase B.theenginescavengeboxes
C.draintanks D.fueltanks
注:
船上油雾探测器通常用于探测发动机曲轴箱内的油雾浓度,选A。
19.Anauxiliaryreservoirforstartingauxiliaryenginesshouldbekeptat_____.
A.lowpressureatalltimes B.fullpressureatalltimes
C.lowpressureatintermittence D.fullpressureatintermittence
注:
用于启动辅机的辅空气瓶,在任何时候都应保持在最大压力,选B。
20.Sacrificialzincanodesareusedonthesaltwatersideofdieselengineheatexchangersto .
A.reduceelectrolyticactiononheatexchangermetals
B.keepheattransfersurfacesshinyandclean
C.preventrapidaccumulationofmarinegrowth
D.provideaprotectivecoatingonheatexchangersurfaces
注:
在柴油机热交换器海水侧中,使用锌作为牺牲阳极,以减轻对热交换器金属的电解反应,选A。
21.Tocheckthesettingoftheoverspeedtriponadieselpoweredgenerator,youwouldusea_____.
A.tachometer B.torsionmeter C.dynamometer D.ponybrake
注:
检查柴油发电机的超速保护装置的设定值,可以使用转速表,选A。
22.Aviscousdamper,asusedonamarinediesel,isasealedprecisionbuiltdevicewhichdampensthetorsionalvibrationsinthe_____.
A.camshaft B.flywheel C.crankshaft D.thrustshaft
注:
船用柴油机的减振器是一种密封的精密制造的设备,用来减弱曲轴上的扭振,选C。
23.Thepossibilityofdamagefromoperatingadieselengineatcriticalspeedsisreducedbytheuseof_____.
A.anisochronousgovernor B.elasticenginemounts
C.avibrationdamper D.acastironbedplatewithgoodflexiblequalities
注:
使用减振器可以减少柴油机在临界转速运行时产生损坏的可能性,选C。
24.Loadcontrolonadieselengineisaccomplishedby_____.
A.regulatingthespeedoftheturbocharger B.rotatingthefuelinjectorpumpplunger
C.regulatingthespeedofthefueloiltransferpump D.changingenginetiming
注:
柴油机负荷的控制是通过转动喷油泵柱塞来实现的,选B。
25.Electricallyoperatedsafetydevicesonauxiliarydieselenginesfunctiontostoptheengineby_____.
A.increasingthevolumeofintakeair B.shuttingoffthefuelsupply
C.increasingtheenginebackpressure D.over-speedingtheengine
注:
辅柴油机上的电力驱动安全装置能通过切断燃油供应使发动机停车,选B。
26.Engineprotectionbymeansofanalarmorshutdowncontrolcanbeobtainedwithdevicesthataresensitiveto_____.
A.temperature B.pressure C.enginespeed D.alloftheabove
注:
通过报警和停车控制来实现发动机保护,可以通过感应温度、压力和转速的设备来获得,选D。
27.Withsimpleandreliableconstruction,convenientoperation,lessenergylossduringdriveandhighpropulsionefficiency, isthemostcommondrivetypeandhasfoundawideapplication.
A.directdrive B.indirectdrive C.electricdrive D.Z-drive
注:
由于具有结构简单可靠、操作方便、传动能量损失少和推进效率高的优点,直接传动是目前最常用的驱动方式,并已得到广泛的应用,选A。
28.Latentheatchangesthe_____ofwater.
A.physicalstate B.temperature
C.atmosphericpressure D.sensiblepressure
注:
潜热改变水的物理状态,选A。
29.Theamountofheatreleasedbysteamwhenitchangestowateratthesametemperatureiscalled_____.
A.latentheatofcondensation B.latentheatofvaporization
C.latentheatofsaturation D.sensibleheatofcondensation
注:
在同样的温度下,蒸汽变成水所放出的热量,称为冷凝潜热,选A。
30.A arrangementpermitssteamgenerationeitherbyoilfiringwhentheexhaustgastemperaturefailsduetoslowrunningoftheenginesorexhaustgasceasewhentheenginesarestoppedorbyusingtheengineexhaustgaseswhentheshipatsea.
A.watertubeboiler B.firetubeboiler C.compositeboiler D.auxiliaryboiler
注:
当主机低速运行引起废气温度下降或主机停车造成废气中断时,组合式锅炉装置可以通过燃油来产汽,而当海上航行时可利用主机废气来产汽,选C。
31.Anotherboilerconfigurationwhereanexhaustgasandanoilfiredboilerarefullyintegratedisthe .
A.firetubeboiler B.compositeboiler C.watertubeboiler D.donkeyboiler
注:
另外一种将废气锅炉和燃油锅炉完全组合在一个整体内的锅炉叫组合式锅炉,选B。
32.A isaboilerwherethewater/steamsidegetsheatinputbothfromthemainenginesexhaustgasandfromanoilfiredburnersupplementingtheheatinputtoproducetherequiredsteam.
A.firetubeboiler B.auxiliaryboiler C.watertubeboiler D.compositeboiler
注:
组合式锅炉是这样一种锅炉,水、蒸汽侧获得的热量来自主机的废气和燃油燃烧器补充输入的热量,用来产生所需要的蒸汽,选D。
33.Averyimportanttypeofmaritimeboilersis thattypicallyisinstalledintheflugasductfromthemainenginetothestackutilizingtheenergyintheexhaustgas.
A.firetubeboiler B.auxiliaryboiler
C.watertubeboiler D.WasteHeatRecoveryboiler
注:
一种非常重要类型的船用锅炉是废热回收锅炉,它主要安装在从主机到烟囱的排烟管上以利用废气中的能量,选D。
34.Averyimportanttypeofmaritimeboilersis thattypicallyisinstalledintheflugasductfromthemainenginetothestackutilizingtheenergyintheexhaustgas.
A.watertubeboiler B.theexhaustgasboiler
C.donkeyboiler D.firetubeboiler
注:
一种非常重要类型的船用锅炉是废气锅炉,它主要安装在从主机到烟囱的排烟管上以利用废气中的能量,选B。
35.Abypasslineprovidedaroundawasteheatauxiliaryboilerinadieselengineexhaustsystem,maybeusedtoavoidboiler____.
A.corrosionatlowengineloads B.erosionathighengineloads
C.overloadathighengineloads D.scalingatallexhausttemperatures
注:
在柴油机排气系统中的废热辅锅炉周围装有旁通管路,可避免在柴油机低负荷时产生腐蚀,选A。
36.The co