初中九年级英语被动语态复习.docx
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初中九年级英语被动语态复习
九年级英语被动语态复习
一、被动语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种:
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。
如:
Heopenedthedoor.他打开了这扇门。
(主动语态)
Thedoorwasopened.这扇门被打开了。
(被动语态)
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。
被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变。
疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种,现以动词clean为例列表说明:
2、被动语态的句式变化:
以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:
2、被动语态的句式变化:
以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:
3、含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态结构为:
情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,"be+过去分词"部分不变。
如:
Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石头制造。
Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.那时桌子可由石头制造。
(一般过去时)
Cantablesbemadeofstone?
桌子能用石头制造吗?
(疑问句)
三、主动语态变为被动语态
转换图示:
1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:
(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:
注意:
如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。
如:
Tomkilledhim.→HewaskilledbyTom.
(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意:
Theyheldameetingyesterday.→Ameetingwasheldbythemyesterday.
他们昨天开会了。
(3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。
注意:
如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。
Hesangasong.→Asongwassungbyhim.
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项:
含有双宾语,即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式。
但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jacktoldusthetruth.杰克告诉了我们真相。
WeweretoldthetruthbyJack.
Thetruthwastold(to)usbyJack.
四、动词的主动形式表示被动之意
系动词无被动语态:
以主动形式表示被动之意
常见的系动词有:
①be动词
②……起来(7个):
look/seem/appear,feel(感觉,摸起来),sound,smell,taste
e.g.Sheseems/appearshappy.Itsmellsterrible.
③(逐渐)变得/变成:
become,grow,get,turn,come,go
e.g.Hiswishhascometrue.
Peopleoftenwenthungryintheolddays.
Thetreeisgrowingtall.
④保持:
keep,stay
e.g.Wemustkeepquietinthereadingroom.
五、下列动词(词组)没有被动式:
1、happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,take
2、不及物动词sell,wash,read,write,open,close,shut,lock,wear等,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
、Anaccidentwashappenedyesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。
Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.
、Theflowersmellssweet.这花闻起来很香。
、Thewatchlooksgood.这表看起来很好。
、Thisbooksellswell.这本书畅销。
、Thekindofclothwasheswell.这种布很容易洗。
、Thearticlereadswell.这篇文章读起来很好。
、Thesupermarketopensat8:
00inthemorning.超市在早上八点钟营业。
、Thedoorwon’tclose/shut.这门关不上。
、Thedoorlockseasily.这门容易锁。
、Thismaterialwearswell(won’twear).这种材料耐久(不耐久)
六、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)
1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)
Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。
ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会。
Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。
2.一般过去时(was/were+done)
Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了。
Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。
3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done)
Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。
Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。
Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done)
Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时,机器正在被修理。
Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。
Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5.现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)
Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。
Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
6.过去完成时(hadbeen+done)
Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
中考再现
1.(2012广东)Howwater______inthestudents’flatsfrom5pmto7pmnw.
A.suppliesB.issuppliedC.suppliedD.wassupplied
2.(2011广东)Peoplewhodrinkwine_______todriveafterMayDay.
A.don’tallowB.isn’tallowed
C.mustn’tallowD.mustn’tbeallowed
3.(2010广东)The16thAsianGames_______inGuangzhouinNovember,2010.
A.holdsB.willhold
C.washeldD.willbeheld
4.(2009广东)—David,turnofftheTV________nooneiswatchingit.
—Butit_______offalready!
Themusicisfromtheradio.
A.sothat;hasbeenturned;B.when;hasturned
C.if;hasbeenturnedD.because;hasturned
5.(2009广东)—David,turnofftheTV_______nooneiswatchingit.
—Butit_______offalready!
Themusicisfromtheradio.
A.sothat;hasbeenturned;B.when;hasturned
C.if;hasbeenturnedD.because;hasturned
被动语态专项练习
Ⅰ单项选择
1.Goodbooks____againandagain.
A.shouldbereadedB.shouldberead
C.mustreadD.oughttoread
2.Thechildren____bythenurse.
A.werelookedB.lookedafter
C.werelookedafterD.looked
3.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.
A.gave,didn'tlistenB.wasgiven,wasn'tlistened
C.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten
4.When____theaccident_____?
A.was,happenB.did,happen
C.is,happenD.was,happened
5.Thequestion____byussoon.
A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscuss
C.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed
6.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.
A.wasbuildedB.wasbuilt
C.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt
7.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.
A.havesetupB.havebeensetup
C.weresetupD.setup
8.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.
A.hadfinishedB.havefinished
C.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished
9.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.
A.is…grownB.is…grew
C.was…grewD.was…grown
10.He____bytheteachers.
A.isalwayspraisedB.praises
C.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised
11.Greatchanges____place.Manynewschools____.
A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopen
C.aretaken,openD.havebeentaken,areopened
12.Thepicture______inOctober,1996.
A.wastakingB.hadbeentaken
C.wastakenD.hadtaken
13.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.
A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairing
C.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired
14.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.
A.wasshownB.showed
C.haveshownD.wasshowing
15.Thewar______in1941.
A.brokeoutB.hadbeenbrokenout
C.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout
16.Whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapor(蒸汽).
A.isheatedB.heating
C.hasheatedD.heats
17.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.
A.lockedB.locks
C.islockedD.islocking
18.They______dayandnight.
A.aremadeworkB.aremadetowork
C.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork
19.Chang'anRoadis______ofpeople.
A.filledB.fill
C.fullD.fulled
20.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.
A.wassentupB.issentup
C.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup
21.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.
A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung
22.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.
A.mustcleanB.havecleaned
C.iscleanedD.arecleaned
23.When______thePeople'sRepublicofChina_____?
A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found
24.Mary'sradio______bymybrotherjustnow.
A.willbemendedB.hasmended
C.wasmendedD.mended
25.Yourexercisebooks_____afterclass.
A.willhandinB.musthandin
C.handedinD.mustbehandedin
26.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.
A.beplantedB.plant
C.areplantedD.willbeplanted
27.Thesun_____atnightasusual.
A.canbeseenB.can'tseeC.can'tbeseenD.doesn'tsee
28.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.
A.willputonB.willbeputon
C.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon
29.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.
A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappened
C.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen
30.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.
A.broke,isbrokenB.isbroken,wasbroken
C.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1.Isawtheboyrunyesterday.
2.Hetoldmethathewouldcomebacksoon.
3.Youcanfindalotofdifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages.
4.Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday?
5.Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.
6.Ithinkthatheisright.
7.Hehadnotthrownthebadfood.
8.Motherwasnotmendingthetrousers.
9.TheywouldnottakehimtoBeijing.
10.Nobodyknewmeinthistownatthattime.
参考答案
Ⅰ单项选择
1.B2.C3.D4.B5.C
6.B7.B8.A9.A10.A
11.A12.C13.D14.A15.A
16.A17.C18.B19.C20.C
21.B22.D23.B24.C25.D
26.A27.C28.B29.C30.B
Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态
1.Theboywasseentorunbymeyesterday.
2.Iwastoldthathewouldcomebacksoon.
3.Alotofdifferencescanbefoundbyyoubetweenthetwolanguages.
4.Areyourflowerswateredeveryday?
5.Thebigtreewasblowndownlastnight.
6.Itisthoughtthatheisright.
7.Thebadfoodhadnotbeenthrown.
8.Thetrouserswerenotbeingmendedbymymother.
9.HewouldnotbetakentoBeijing.
10.Iwasknownbynobodyinthistownatthattime.