初中九年级英语被动语态复习.docx

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初中九年级英语被动语态复习

九年级英语被动语态复习

一、被动语态概述

 语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

英语的语态共有两种:

主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。

汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。

 如:

 Heopenedthedoor.他打开了这扇门。

(主动语态)

 Thedoorwasopened.这扇门被打开了。

(被动语态)

二、被动语态的构成

 被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。

被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变。

疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种,现以动词clean为例列表说明:

2、被动语态的句式变化:

 以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:

2、被动语态的句式变化:

 以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:

 3、含有情态动词的被动语态

 情态动词的被动语态结构为:

情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,"be+过去分词"部分不变。

如:

 Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石头制造。

 Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.那时桌子可由石头制造。

(一般过去时)

 Cantablesbemadeofstone?

桌子能用石头制造吗?

(疑问句)

三、主动语态变为被动语态

 转换图示:

 

 

1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:

 

(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:

 注意:

如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。

如:

 Tomkilledhim.→HewaskilledbyTom.

 

(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。

 注意:

 Theyheldameetingyesterday.→Ameetingwasheldbythemyesterday.

 他们昨天开会了。

 (3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

 注意:

如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。

 Hesangasong.→Asongwassungbyhim.

2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项:

 含有双宾语,即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式。

但多以间接宾语作主语。

 Jacktoldusthetruth.杰克告诉了我们真相。

 WeweretoldthetruthbyJack.

 Thetruthwastold(to)usbyJack.

四、动词的主动形式表示被动之意

 系动词无被动语态:

以主动形式表示被动之意

常见的系动词有:

①be动词

②……起来(7个):

look/seem/appear,feel(感觉,摸起来),sound,smell,taste

e.g.Sheseems/appearshappy.Itsmellsterrible.

③(逐渐)变得/变成:

become,grow,get,turn,come,go

e.g.Hiswishhascometrue.

Peopleoftenwenthungryintheolddays.

Thetreeisgrowingtall.

④保持:

keep,stay

e.g.Wemustkeepquietinthereadingroom.

五、下列动词(词组)没有被动式:

1、happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,take

2、不及物动词sell,wash,read,write,open,close,shut,lock,wear等,常用主动形式表示被动意义。

 

、Anaccidentwashappenedyesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。

 Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.

 

、Theflowersmellssweet.这花闻起来很香。

 

、Thewatchlooksgood.这表看起来很好。

 

、Thisbooksellswell.这本书畅销。

、Thekindofclothwasheswell.这种布很容易洗。

、Thearticlereadswell.这篇文章读起来很好。

、Thesupermarketopensat8:

00inthemorning.超市在早上八点钟营业。

、Thedoorwon’tclose/shut.这门关不上。

、Thedoorlockseasily.这门容易锁。

、Thismaterialwearswell(won’twear).这种材料耐久(不耐久)

六、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)

 1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)

 Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。

 ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会。

 Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。

 2.一般过去时(was/were+done)

 Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

 Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了。

 Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。

 3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done)

 Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。

 Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。

 Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

 4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done)

 Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时,机器正在被修理。

 Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。

 Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

 5.现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)

 Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。

 Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

 6.过去完成时(hadbeen+done)

 Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

 Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。

 Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.

 他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。

中考再现

1.(2012广东)Howwater______inthestudents’flatsfrom5pmto7pmnw.

A.suppliesB.issuppliedC.suppliedD.wassupplied

2.(2011广东)Peoplewhodrinkwine_______todriveafterMayDay.

A.don’tallowB.isn’tallowed

C.mustn’tallowD.mustn’tbeallowed

3.(2010广东)The16thAsianGames_______inGuangzhouinNovember,2010.

A.holdsB.willhold

C.washeldD.willbeheld

4.(2009广东)—David,turnofftheTV________nooneiswatchingit.

—Butit_______offalready!

Themusicisfromtheradio.

A.sothat;hasbeenturned;B.when;hasturned

C.if;hasbeenturnedD.because;hasturned

5.(2009广东)—David,turnofftheTV_______nooneiswatchingit.

—Butit_______offalready!

Themusicisfromtheradio.

A.sothat;hasbeenturned;B.when;hasturned

C.if;hasbeenturnedD.because;hasturned

 

被动语态专项练习

Ⅰ单项选择

1.Goodbooks____againandagain.

A.shouldbereadedB.shouldberead

C.mustreadD.oughttoread

2.Thechildren____bythenurse.

A.werelookedB.lookedafter

C.werelookedafterD.looked

3.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.

A.gave,didn'tlistenB.wasgiven,wasn'tlistened

C.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten

4.When____theaccident_____?

A.was,happenB.did,happen

C.is,happenD.was,happened

5.Thequestion____byussoon.

A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscuss

C.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed

6.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.

A.wasbuildedB.wasbuilt

C.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt

7.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.

A.havesetupB.havebeensetup

C.weresetupD.setup

8.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.

A.hadfinishedB.havefinished

C.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished

9.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.

A.is…grownB.is…grew

C.was…grewD.was…grown

10.He____bytheteachers.

A.isalwayspraisedB.praises

C.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised

11.Greatchanges____place.Manynewschools____.

A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopen

C.aretaken,openD.havebeentaken,areopened

12.Thepicture______inOctober,1996.

A.wastakingB.hadbeentaken

C.wastakenD.hadtaken

13.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.

A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairing

C.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired

14.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.

A.wasshownB.showed

C.haveshownD.wasshowing

15.Thewar______in1941.

A.brokeoutB.hadbeenbrokenout

C.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout

16.Whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapor(蒸汽).

A.isheatedB.heating

C.hasheatedD.heats

17.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.

A.lockedB.locks

C.islockedD.islocking

18.They______dayandnight.

A.aremadeworkB.aremadetowork

C.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork

19.Chang'anRoadis______ofpeople.

A.filledB.fill

C.fullD.fulled

20.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.

A.wassentupB.issentup

C.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup

21.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.

A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung

22.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.

A.mustcleanB.havecleaned

C.iscleanedD.arecleaned

23.When______thePeople'sRepublicofChina_____?

A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found

24.Mary'sradio______bymybrotherjustnow.

A.willbemendedB.hasmended

C.wasmendedD.mended

25.Yourexercisebooks_____afterclass.

A.willhandinB.musthandin

C.handedinD.mustbehandedin

26.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.

A.beplantedB.plant

C.areplantedD.willbeplanted

27.Thesun_____atnightasusual.

A.canbeseenB.can'tseeC.can'tbeseenD.doesn'tsee

28.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.

A.willputonB.willbeputon

C.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon

29.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.

A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappened

C.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen

30.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.

A.broke,isbrokenB.isbroken,wasbroken

C.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken

Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态

1.Isawtheboyrunyesterday.

2.Hetoldmethathewouldcomebacksoon.

3.Youcanfindalotofdifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages.

4.Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday?

5.Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.

6.Ithinkthatheisright.

7.Hehadnotthrownthebadfood.

8.Motherwasnotmendingthetrousers.

9.TheywouldnottakehimtoBeijing.

10.Nobodyknewmeinthistownatthattime.

参考答案

Ⅰ单项选择

1.B2.C3.D4.B5.C

6.B7.B8.A9.A10.A

11.A12.C13.D14.A15.A

16.A17.C18.B19.C20.C

21.B22.D23.B24.C25.D

26.A27.C28.B29.C30.B

Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态

1.Theboywasseentorunbymeyesterday.

2.Iwastoldthathewouldcomebacksoon.

3.Alotofdifferencescanbefoundbyyoubetweenthetwolanguages.

4.Areyourflowerswateredeveryday?

5.Thebigtreewasblowndownlastnight.

6.Itisthoughtthatheisright.

7.Thebadfoodhadnotbeenthrown.

8.Thetrouserswerenotbeingmendedbymymother.

9.HewouldnotbetakentoBeijing.

10.Iwasknownbynobodyinthistownatthattime.

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