MBA 专业.docx

MBA 专业.docx

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MBA专业

MBA专业

MBA细分专业的概述

[日期：

2005-08-16]

来源：

ChaseDream论坛

作者：

ring_cheng

[字体：

大 中 小]

较早以前的资料了，不过还是适用于现在的MBA专业分类。

我个人感觉写的还是比较全面的，对于正在选择学校选择专业的朋友可以提供一些有用的信息。

一起分享。

1.Accounting

Whatdoaccountantsdo?

Accountantsofferawidearrayofbusinessandaccountingservicesincludingpublic,management,andgovernmentaccounting,aswellasinternalauditing.Ineachofthesemajorfields,accountantsandauditorsprepare,analyze,andverifyfinancialdocumentsinordertoprovideinformationtoclients. 

PublicAccountants:

Publicaccountantsperformabroadrangeofaccounting,auditing,tax,andconsultingactivitiesfortheirclients,whomaybecorporations,governments,nonprofitorganizations,orindividuals. 

Consultants:

Consultantsofferadviceinareassuchascompensationoremployeehealthcarebenefits;thedesignofaccountinganddataprocessingsystems;andtheselectionofcontrolstosafeguardassets. 

ForensicAccountants:

Forensicaccountantsinvestigateandinterpretbankruptciesandothercomplexfinancialtransactions. 

ManagementAccountants:

Managementaccountantsrecordandanalyzeacorporation''''sfinancialinformationinadditiontobudgeting,performanceevaluation,costmanagement,andassetmanagement. 

PublicSectorAccountants:

Governmentaccountantsandauditorsmaintainandexaminetherecordsofgovernmentagenciesandauditprivatebusinessesandindividualswhoseactivitiesaresubjecttogovernmentregulationsortaxation. 

Whatdegreeoptionsareavailableinaccounting?

Undergraduatescanearnabachelor’sdegreeinaccountingortakeaccountingclassesaspartofabusinessdegree.MBAstudentscanchooseconcentrationsinaccounting,andsomeschoolsoffermaster¹sdegreeinaccountancy（MAcc）. 

What'sthedifferencebetweenamaster'sinaccountingandanMBAwithanaccountingconcentration?

WhilebothanMBAwithafocusonaccountingandaMasterofAccounting（MAcc）degreewillprepareyoutoassumemanagerialpositionswithinthefieldofaccounting,theMBAdegreewillprovideyouwithmoregeneralskillsthataretransferabletootherareas.TheMAccwillprovideyouwithgreateraccountingexpertiseandwillpreparecandidatesfortheCertifiedPublicAccountant（CPA）exam,butfewertransferableskills.SomeMBAprogramsprovidecandidateswithsufficientcredithoursrequiredtositfortheCPAexam.TheMBAdegree''''sbroadcurriculumalsohelpsaccountantswithclientmanagementandotherstrategicissuesinperformingtheirjobs,especiallyinmanagementadvisoryservices. 

WhatwillIstudy?

TheMAcccurriculumgenerallyincludespreparationfortheCPAexam,andtheCertifiedManagementAccountant（CMA）examination,inadditiontocoursesinfinancialandmanagerialaccounting,research,businessvaluation,costmanagement,informationsystems,auditing,policy,taxation,andconsultingservices.MBAcurriculumwithanaccountingconcentrationemphasizesgeneralmanagementandbusinesscourseworkaswellasindepthaccountingapplicationsandconcepts. 

Whatskillsarenecessarytoworkinthefieldofaccounting?

Certificationandlicensureinaccountingandauditingarestandardrequirementsforemploymentinthisfield.Successfulaccountantsandauditorsaregenerallydetail-oriented,highlymotivatedresearchers,andknowledgeableaboutU.S.andinternationaltaxlaws,economicsandmoneymarkets.Inadditiontoself-confidence,maturity,andtheabilitytoworkindependently,candidatesforaccountingpositionsneedabroadrangeofskillsincluding:

Excellentmathematicalandcomputerskills 

Excellentanalyticandproblemsolvingskills 

Excellentoralandwrittencommunicationskills 

Stronginterpersonalskills 

WhatcareerpathsdoMBAorMAccgraduatesfollow?

Manygraduatesenterintotheprofessionasfinancialanalystsorinternalauditorsinsuchareasasfinancialplanning,resourceallocation,andmanagementinformationsystems.Beginningpublicaccountantsusuallystartbyassistingwithworkforseveralclients.Thosewhoexcelmaybecomesupervisors,managers,partners,opentheirownpublicaccountingfirms,ortransfertoexecutivepositionsinmanagementaccountingorinternalauditinginprivatefirms.Managementaccountantsoftenstartascostaccountants,juniorinternalauditors,orastraineesforotheraccountingpositions.Astheyrisethroughtheorganization,theymayadvancetoaccountingmanager,chiefcostaccountant,budgetdirector,ormanagerofinternalauditing.Somebecomecontrollers,treasurers,financialvicepresidents,chieffinancialofficers,orcorporationpresidents.Ingeneral,thereisalargedegreeofmobilityamongpublicaccountants,managementaccountants,andinternalauditors.Practitionersoftenshiftintomanagementaccountingorinternalauditingfrompublicaccounting,orbetweeninternalauditingandmanagementaccounting. 

Whatcertificationortrainingisnecessaryforacareerinaccounting?

Professionalrecognitionthroughcertificationorlicensureprovidesadistinctadvantageinthejobmarket.AllCPAsmusthaveacertificateandthepartnersintheirfirmmusthavelicensesissuedbyaStateBoardofAccountancy.ThevastmajorityofStatesrequireCPAcandidatestobecollegegraduates,butafewStatessubstituteanumberofyearsofpublicaccountingexperienceforthecollegedegree.NearlyallStatesrequireCPAsandotherpublicaccountantstocompleteacertainnumberofhoursofcontinuingprofessionaleducationbeforetheirlicensescanberenewed.Voluntarycertificationcanattesttoprofessionalcompetenceinaspecializedfieldofaccountingandauditing.Graduatesfromaccreditedcollegesanduniversitieswhohaveworkedfor2yearsasinternalauditorsandhavepassedafour-partexaminationmayearnthedesignationCertifiedInternalAuditor（CIA）fromtheInstituteofInternalAuditors.

What'stheoverallcareeroutlookforaccountants?

AccordingtotheUSBureauofLaborStatistics,employmentofaccountantsandauditorsisexpectedtogrowabout10to20percentthroughtheyear2008.Astheeconomygrows,moreaccountantsandauditorswillbeneededtosetupbooks,preparetaxes,andprovidemanagementadvice.Inresponsetomarketdemand,theseaccountingprofessionalswilloffermoremanagementandconsultingservicesastheytakeonagreateradvisoryroleanddevelopmoresophisticatedandflexibleaccountingsystems.Also,internalauditorswillincreasinglybeneededtodiscoverandeliminatewasteandfraud.Competitioniskeenforthemostprestigiousjobsinmajoraccountingandbusinessfirms,butgraduateswithamaster''''sdegreeinaccountingoramaster''''sinbusinessadministrationwillhaveadistinctadvantageinthejobmarket.

2.  e-commerce

Whatdoemployeesine-Commercefieldsdo?

Studentswithbackgroundsine-CommercetypicallyworkinInformationTechnology（IT）fields,oftenasthemanagersofITinfrastructures.TheycanalsooverseethedevelopmentandmarketingofInternetwebsitesasprojectmanagers.Graduatesofe-Commerceprogramsleaveschoolpreparedtofillpositionsinthetechnicalstaffsofcorporations. 

IdonothaveabackgroundinComputerScience.Willane-CommerceMBAbetootechnicalforme?

WhileaMaster’sine-CommercemightrequiregreaterfamiliaritywithITconcepts,moste-Commerceande-BusinessprogramsaredesignedfortraditionalMBAstudentsinadditiontothosewithITexperience. 

Whatdegreeoptionsareavailableinthisarea?

UndergraduatescanearnaBachelor’sine-Commerceore-Business.GraduatestudentscanearnaMasterofScienceine-CommerceoranMBAwithane-Commerceore-Businessconcentration. 

WhatisthedifferencebetweenaMaster’sDegreeine-CommerceandanMBAwithaconcentrationine-Commerce?

Thebasicdifferencebetweenthesetwooptionsisthatthemaster’sdegreeishighlyspecializedandwillallowyoutofocusalmostexclusivelyoncomputerscienceandbusinessadministration.Incontrast,anMBAprogramwillpermityoutodevelopageneralsetofmanagementskillsaswellase-Commerceknowledge.Thereareadvantagestoeach:

amaster’sprogramwillenableyoutodelveintoe-Commerceissuesingreaterdepth;anMBAprogramwillallowyoutospendyourfirstyeardevelopingasetofskillsthatcanbetransferredtootherareas. 

Whilebothamaster’sdegreeandanMBAconcentrationwillprepareyoutoholdmanagementpositionswithinthefieldofe-Commerce,master’sprogramsaredesignedtohelpyoubecomealeaderintechnologymanagementandintegration.Incontrast,anMBAdegreemayalsoqualifyyoutoholdmanagementpositionsinotherfields,shouldyoubecomeinterestedinadifferentcareer. 

WhatsubjectswillIstudy?

Asane-Commercestudent,youwillstudytraditionalbusinesstopicslikefinance,accountingandmarketing,butyourcourseworkwillemphasizeInformationandCommunicationTechnology（ICT）.Yourstudieswillprobablyincludeclassesone-management,electronicmarketingmarketing,onlinebusinessstrategies,MIS,websitedevelopmentandITapplications.StudentswithITbackgroundsmaytakeadvancedcomputersciencecoursesaswell. 

Whatcareersdoe-Commercestudentspursue?

e-Commercegraduatescanassumemanagementrolesine-Businessande-Commercefields,includingoperations,marketing,technicalsupportandadministration.Manybecomeconsultantsforlargecorporationsthatwanttoincorporateinternetbusinessintotheirstrategicplans.CompaniesmayneedyoutoimproveB2Bonlinetransactions,vitalizeinternetproductsales,orresearche-Commercecompetition. 

What’stheoverallcareeroutlookforthisfield?

e-Commercehassufferedsetbackssincethefailureofmanystartupdot-coms,buttheoveralldemandforbusinessmanagerswithinformationte