MBA 专业.docx
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MBA专业
MBA专业
MBA细分专业的概述
[日期:
2005-08-16]
来源:
ChaseDream论坛
作者:
ring_cheng
[字体:
大 中 小]
较早以前的资料了,不过还是适用于现在的MBA专业分类。
我个人感觉写的还是比较全面的,对于正在选择学校选择专业的朋友可以提供一些有用的信息。
一起分享。
1.Accounting
Whatdoaccountantsdo?
Accountantsofferawidearrayofbusinessandaccountingservicesincludingpublic,management,andgovernmentaccounting,aswellasinternalauditing.Ineachofthesemajorfields,accountantsandauditorsprepare,analyze,andverifyfinancialdocumentsinordertoprovideinformationtoclients.
PublicAccountants:
Publicaccountantsperformabroadrangeofaccounting,auditing,tax,andconsultingactivitiesfortheirclients,whomaybecorporations,governments,nonprofitorganizations,orindividuals.
Consultants:
Consultantsofferadviceinareassuchascompensationoremployeehealthcarebenefits;thedesignofaccountinganddataprocessingsystems;andtheselectionofcontrolstosafeguardassets.
ForensicAccountants:
Forensicaccountantsinvestigateandinterpretbankruptciesandothercomplexfinancialtransactions.
ManagementAccountants:
Managementaccountantsrecordandanalyzeacorporation''''sfinancialinformationinadditiontobudgeting,performanceevaluation,costmanagement,andassetmanagement.
PublicSectorAccountants:
Governmentaccountantsandauditorsmaintainandexaminetherecordsofgovernmentagenciesandauditprivatebusinessesandindividualswhoseactivitiesaresubjecttogovernmentregulationsortaxation.
Whatdegreeoptionsareavailableinaccounting?
Undergraduatescanearnabachelor’sdegreeinaccountingortakeaccountingclassesaspartofabusinessdegree.MBAstudentscanchooseconcentrationsinaccounting,andsomeschoolsoffermaster¹sdegreeinaccountancy(MAcc).
What'sthedifferencebetweenamaster'sinaccountingandanMBAwithanaccountingconcentration?
WhilebothanMBAwithafocusonaccountingandaMasterofAccounting(MAcc)degreewillprepareyoutoassumemanagerialpositionswithinthefieldofaccounting,theMBAdegreewillprovideyouwithmoregeneralskillsthataretransferabletootherareas.TheMAccwillprovideyouwithgreateraccountingexpertiseandwillpreparecandidatesfortheCertifiedPublicAccountant(CPA)exam,butfewertransferableskills.SomeMBAprogramsprovidecandidateswithsufficientcredithoursrequiredtositfortheCPAexam.TheMBAdegree''''sbroadcurriculumalsohelpsaccountantswithclientmanagementandotherstrategicissuesinperformingtheirjobs,especiallyinmanagementadvisoryservices.
WhatwillIstudy?
TheMAcccurriculumgenerallyincludespreparationfortheCPAexam,andtheCertifiedManagementAccountant(CMA)examination,inadditiontocoursesinfinancialandmanagerialaccounting,research,businessvaluation,costmanagement,informationsystems,auditing,policy,taxation,andconsultingservices.MBAcurriculumwithanaccountingconcentrationemphasizesgeneralmanagementandbusinesscourseworkaswellasindepthaccountingapplicationsandconcepts.
Whatskillsarenecessarytoworkinthefieldofaccounting?
Certificationandlicensureinaccountingandauditingarestandardrequirementsforemploymentinthisfield.Successfulaccountantsandauditorsaregenerallydetail-oriented,highlymotivatedresearchers,andknowledgeableaboutU.S.andinternationaltaxlaws,economicsandmoneymarkets.Inadditiontoself-confidence,maturity,andtheabilitytoworkindependently,candidatesforaccountingpositionsneedabroadrangeofskillsincluding:
Excellentmathematicalandcomputerskills
Excellentanalyticandproblemsolvingskills
Excellentoralandwrittencommunicationskills
Stronginterpersonalskills
WhatcareerpathsdoMBAorMAccgraduatesfollow?
Manygraduatesenterintotheprofessionasfinancialanalystsorinternalauditorsinsuchareasasfinancialplanning,resourceallocation,andmanagementinformationsystems.Beginningpublicaccountantsusuallystartbyassistingwithworkforseveralclients.Thosewhoexcelmaybecomesupervisors,managers,partners,opentheirownpublicaccountingfirms,ortransfertoexecutivepositionsinmanagementaccountingorinternalauditinginprivatefirms.Managementaccountantsoftenstartascostaccountants,juniorinternalauditors,orastraineesforotheraccountingpositions.Astheyrisethroughtheorganization,theymayadvancetoaccountingmanager,chiefcostaccountant,budgetdirector,ormanagerofinternalauditing.Somebecomecontrollers,treasurers,financialvicepresidents,chieffinancialofficers,orcorporationpresidents.Ingeneral,thereisalargedegreeofmobilityamongpublicaccountants,managementaccountants,andinternalauditors.Practitionersoftenshiftintomanagementaccountingorinternalauditingfrompublicaccounting,orbetweeninternalauditingandmanagementaccounting.
Whatcertificationortrainingisnecessaryforacareerinaccounting?
Professionalrecognitionthroughcertificationorlicensureprovidesadistinctadvantageinthejobmarket.AllCPAsmusthaveacertificateandthepartnersintheirfirmmusthavelicensesissuedbyaStateBoardofAccountancy.ThevastmajorityofStatesrequireCPAcandidatestobecollegegraduates,butafewStatessubstituteanumberofyearsofpublicaccountingexperienceforthecollegedegree.NearlyallStatesrequireCPAsandotherpublicaccountantstocompleteacertainnumberofhoursofcontinuingprofessionaleducationbeforetheirlicensescanberenewed.Voluntarycertificationcanattesttoprofessionalcompetenceinaspecializedfieldofaccountingandauditing.Graduatesfromaccreditedcollegesanduniversitieswhohaveworkedfor2yearsasinternalauditorsandhavepassedafour-partexaminationmayearnthedesignationCertifiedInternalAuditor(CIA)fromtheInstituteofInternalAuditors.
What'stheoverallcareeroutlookforaccountants?
AccordingtotheUSBureauofLaborStatistics,employmentofaccountantsandauditorsisexpectedtogrowabout10to20percentthroughtheyear2008.Astheeconomygrows,moreaccountantsandauditorswillbeneededtosetupbooks,preparetaxes,andprovidemanagementadvice.Inresponsetomarketdemand,theseaccountingprofessionalswilloffermoremanagementandconsultingservicesastheytakeonagreateradvisoryroleanddevelopmoresophisticatedandflexibleaccountingsystems.Also,internalauditorswillincreasinglybeneededtodiscoverandeliminatewasteandfraud.Competitioniskeenforthemostprestigiousjobsinmajoraccountingandbusinessfirms,butgraduateswithamaster''''sdegreeinaccountingoramaster''''sinbusinessadministrationwillhaveadistinctadvantageinthejobmarket.
2. e-commerce
Whatdoemployeesine-Commercefieldsdo?
Studentswithbackgroundsine-CommercetypicallyworkinInformationTechnology(IT)fields,oftenasthemanagersofITinfrastructures.TheycanalsooverseethedevelopmentandmarketingofInternetwebsitesasprojectmanagers.Graduatesofe-Commerceprogramsleaveschoolpreparedtofillpositionsinthetechnicalstaffsofcorporations.
IdonothaveabackgroundinComputerScience.Willane-CommerceMBAbetootechnicalforme?
WhileaMaster’sine-CommercemightrequiregreaterfamiliaritywithITconcepts,moste-Commerceande-BusinessprogramsaredesignedfortraditionalMBAstudentsinadditiontothosewithITexperience.
Whatdegreeoptionsareavailableinthisarea?
UndergraduatescanearnaBachelor’sine-Commerceore-Business.GraduatestudentscanearnaMasterofScienceine-CommerceoranMBAwithane-Commerceore-Businessconcentration.
WhatisthedifferencebetweenaMaster’sDegreeine-CommerceandanMBAwithaconcentrationine-Commerce?
Thebasicdifferencebetweenthesetwooptionsisthatthemaster’sdegreeishighlyspecializedandwillallowyoutofocusalmostexclusivelyoncomputerscienceandbusinessadministration.Incontrast,anMBAprogramwillpermityoutodevelopageneralsetofmanagementskillsaswellase-Commerceknowledge.Thereareadvantagestoeach:
amaster’sprogramwillenableyoutodelveintoe-Commerceissuesingreaterdepth;anMBAprogramwillallowyoutospendyourfirstyeardevelopingasetofskillsthatcanbetransferredtootherareas.
Whilebothamaster’sdegreeandanMBAconcentrationwillprepareyoutoholdmanagementpositionswithinthefieldofe-Commerce,master’sprogramsaredesignedtohelpyoubecomealeaderintechnologymanagementandintegration.Incontrast,anMBAdegreemayalsoqualifyyoutoholdmanagementpositionsinotherfields,shouldyoubecomeinterestedinadifferentcareer.
WhatsubjectswillIstudy?
Asane-Commercestudent,youwillstudytraditionalbusinesstopicslikefinance,accountingandmarketing,butyourcourseworkwillemphasizeInformationandCommunicationTechnology(ICT).Yourstudieswillprobablyincludeclassesone-management,electronicmarketingmarketing,onlinebusinessstrategies,MIS,websitedevelopmentandITapplications.StudentswithITbackgroundsmaytakeadvancedcomputersciencecoursesaswell.
Whatcareersdoe-Commercestudentspursue?
e-Commercegraduatescanassumemanagementrolesine-Businessande-Commercefields,includingoperations,marketing,technicalsupportandadministration.Manybecomeconsultantsforlargecorporationsthatwanttoincorporateinternetbusinessintotheirstrategicplans.CompaniesmayneedyoutoimproveB2Bonlinetransactions,vitalizeinternetproductsales,orresearche-Commercecompetition.
What’stheoverallcareeroutlookforthisfield?
e-Commercehassufferedsetbackssincethefailureofmanystartupdot-coms,buttheoveralldemandforbusinessmanagerswithinformationte