高考英语阅读理解抓分训练55.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分训练55
2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练(55)及答案
阅读理解(201*·广东卷)D
Inaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources(资源),theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisppearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunheathysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持续的)ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeepthehealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.
Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecade.China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyresolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomadefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil(棕榈油),whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluaberainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownmorethan50%.
Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besides,strongerarrangementofpublicresouceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanaccerlaratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.
Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.
41.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat____.
A.itmakestheworldwarmer
B.itconsumesnaturalresouces
C.itbringsseveredamagetofuture
D.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue
42.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?
A.Chinalackswindandsolarenergy
B.Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarket
C.High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopment
D.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests
43.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentscan______.
A.cutpublicexpenses
B.forbidcarbonemission
C.developpublicresousces
D.encourageenergyconservation
44.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesshavemanychancesto_______.
A.developsustainableproducts
B.explorenewnaturalresousces
C.makefulluseofnaturalresousces
D.dealwiththemajorchallenge
45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel
B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels
C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarkets
D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。
文章阐述了传统经济发展模式给地球带来了许多危害。
这种发展模式破坏了毁坏了森林、使全球气候变暖等。
现在低碳、可持续的经济发展模式成为许多国家的发展主流方向。
中国政府正在充分发挥潜能大力开发新的低耗能、低排放的新能源市场。
41.B考查细节理解。
根据第一段可知:
传统经济发展模式的危害是使全球气候变暖、不能持续发展、给未来发展造成损失。
所以B正确。
42.B考查推理判断。
综合第二段的China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyresolution及段意可知:
中国在绿色环保、低能减排的市场上成为领军国家。
故选B。
43.D考查推理判断。
根据First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy可知选D。
44.A考查推理判断。
根据最后一段Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.可知选A。
45.D考查作者的写作意图。
文章由传统经济发展模式的弊端引出可持续经济发展的模式,作者通篇阐释了可持续经济发展的模式的好处及发展方向。
所以作者提倡可持续发展。
(2012·济南二月月考)
Ourparticularparentingstylereflectsourownwayof“looking”.Here'sagreatpieceofwritingreflectingparent'sparticularwaysontheparentingstylethathavebecomeknownhumorouslyashelicopterparentingandsubmarine(潜水艇)parenting.
Helicopterparentshoverovertheirchildren,managingeveryaspectoftheirchild'slife.Onthecontrary,submarineparentsremain“hidden”comingtothesurfacewhenguidanceisneeded.
Whilehelicopterparentsmayhavethebestintentions,inreality,theyareraisingchildrenwithfewproblemsolvingskills.Childrenwithhoveringparentsnevergetthechancetofacedisappointmentandbuilduptheirabilitytorecoverfrommisfortune.
Thinkaboutyourtypicalsubmarine.Submarinesusuallyremainunderwater.Incaseofaneedforemergencysurfacing,submarinescanrisesoquicklytheyaredrivenpartiallyoutofthewater.Submarineparentsalsoremainoutofsight,yetabletopopupinthecaseofanemergency.
IadmitI'masubmarinemom.Myjobasaparentistohavefunwithmydaughterswhilelettingthemexploreandlearnnaturalconsequences.
Myolderdaughterfoundherselfactingincommercialsandmakingmorethanminimumwageasateen.Togiveherasenseoftherealworld,Iinsistedshespendthreeweekseverysummer,pickingstrawberriesandearning$3.50onagoodday.
WhenmyyoungestdaughterSondrawassix,shewantedaveryexpensiveAmericanGirlDoll.Icutthefullcolor18“pictureoutoftheAmericanGirlcatalogueandhaditlaminated(压膜).“Here'syourAmericanGirlDoll.”Isaid“Whenyouturnnine,I'llbuyyouthe3Ddollonyourbirthday.”Sondraplayedwithherflatdollformonths,makingclothesandfurnitureforher.Shelearnedcreativity.Isaved$88.00.
文章大意:
本文讲述了不同种类的抚养孩子的方式。
64.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Variousmeansoftransportation.
B.Funnyexperiencesofamom.
C.Humorousstoriesaboutparents.
D.Differentstylesofparenting.
答案:
D 主旨大意题。
由第一段可知,本文讲述不同种类的抚养孩子的方式,所以D项正确。
65.Theunderlinedphrase“hoverover”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”.
A.leavebehindB.flyaround
C.watchoverD.setaside
答案:
C 猜测词义题。
由划线词后的“managingeveryaspectoftheirchild'slife.”和“Onthecontrary,submarineparentsremainhidden”可知,划线词意思是“照看,照顾”,所以C项符合。
66.ItcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatMom________.
A.hasgoodparentingskills
B.isalwaysmakingpromises
C.isstrictwithherdaughter
D.triesherbesttosavemoney
答案:
A 推理判断题。
由最后两段可知,我是一名采用“潜水艇”式教育孩子的妈妈,所给的例句充分证明我是一位有着很棒的抚养孩子方法的妈妈。
D
(2012·成都一诊)
Whenmostpeoplethinkofgiantpandas,thepicturesofthecute,blackandwhitebearsfromChinathateatbamboowillimmediatelyjumpintotheirmind.ScientistsfromMississippiStateUniversity,however,areinterestedinwhatthebearsleavebehind:
theirpoop(排泄物).AtarecentmeetinginDenver,ProfessorBrownattheuniversitypresentedherresearchshowinghowpandapoopcouldinspireanewwaytoobtainenergyfromplants,whicharearenewableenergysource.Usually,plantscanbecalledbiomass(有机燃料)whentheyareusedasanenergysource.
Burningbiomassisonewaytocaptureitsenergy,butBrownhopespandapoopcanteachscientistssomethingaboutbreakingdownbiomass.Pandas—oratleastthebacteriaintheirstomachs—areverygoodatgettingenergyoutofbamboo.Unlikecows,whichuse4stomachstodigestlargeamountsofgrass,apandahasonlyonestomach.Bamboocomesin,andpoopgoesout.
Everydayfor14months,Brownandherteamonthisproject,countedthebacteriainthepoopofthetwopandas,YaYaandLeLelivingattheMemphisZoo.Herstudiesturnedup12speciesofbacteriathatbreakdownbiomass,includingonethathadneverbeenfoundinpandas.Brownsaysthatbecausethepoopcontainsbacteriathatbreakdownbiomass,itcouldalsobeusedtobreakdownothertypesofbiomass.
Nowthescientistshopetoidentifythechemicalsthathelpwiththeprocessofbreakingdownbiomassandthenfigureouthowthebacteriawork.Ifthosechemicalscanbemadeinthelab,theycouldbeusedtoturnbiomass—likegrassorotherplants—intofuel.
Brownsaysshedoesn'tmindhandlingpandapoop.“It'sprobablythemostpleasantmaterialtoworkwith,”shesays,“MycolleaguesandIhavebeenworkingwithotherpoopforalongtime,andwecanassureyouithasafairlypleasantsmellassociatedwithit.”
67.Theimportanceofstudyingpandapoopis________.
A.tocreatearenewableenergyfromplants
B.toexploreanewwaytogetenergyfromplants
C.tolearnalessonofenergyfrompandapoop
D.tofigureouthowthebacteriaworkforusmankind
答案:
B 细节理解题。
由第一段第三句话“AtarecentmeetinginDenver,ProfessorBrownattheuniversitypresentedherresearchshowinghowpandapoopcouldinspireanewwaytoobtainenergyfromplants...”可知,研究大熊猫粪便的重要性在于,它能为我们从植物中提取能量提供新路。
68.Theprocessofthepandapoopprojectcanbedescribedas________.
a.Identifythechemicalshelpfultobreakdownbiomass.
b.Findthebacteriainpandapoopwhichbreakdownbamboo.
c.Reproducethechemicalsinthelabtoturnbiomassintoenergy.
d.Analyzehowthebacteriainpandapoopworkinpanda'sstomach.
A.a,b,d,cB.a,d,c,b
C.b,a,d,cD.b,d,a,c
答案:
C 细节理解题。
由第三、四段可知,该项目的步骤是找出熊猫排泄物中能分解竹子的细菌;然后确认那些有助于分解有机燃料的细菌;再分析这些细菌是怎样工作的;最后在实验室复制这些细菌用于分解有机燃料。
所以B项正确。
69.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthe2ndparagraph?
A.Pandasdon'tdigestbamboothesamewayascows.
B.Pandasarecapableofgettingenergyusingstomachs.
C.Pandascangetenergyfrombamboomoreefficiently.
D.Scientistshavelearntsomethingnewfrompandapoop.
答案:
C 推理判断题。
第二段第二句话“Pandas—oratleastthebacteriaintheirstomachs—areverygoodatgettingenergyoutofbamboo.”是该段的中心句。
70.WhatdoesProfessorBrownthinkofworkingwithpandapoop?
A.SickB.Challenging
C.InspiringD.Enjoyable
答案:
D 推理判断题。
由最后一段的用词“doesn'tmind”和“pleasant”可知,布朗教授对于该项工作感觉很享受。
Hanswasanhonestfellowwithafunnyroundgood-humoredface.Livingalone,everydayheworkedinhisgarden.Inallthecountrysidethe