英语高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案.docx

英语高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案.docx

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英语高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案

【英语】高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Forcingwaitersandwaitressestosurviveontipsfromcustomersratherthannormalwagesisapointless,crude,anduniqueAmericancustomthat,inthepastseveralyears,ahandfulofprogressiverestaurantownershaveattemptedtodoawaywith.DannyMeyer,CEOofUnionSquareHospitalityGroup,isabouttojointheirranksandhasannouncedthatheplanstograduallystoptippingatthecompany's13restaurants.

   What,exactly,iswrongwithtipping?

AsBrianPalmerhasexplained,moreorlessit'severything.Tostart,leavingawaiter'spayinthehandsofcustomershasafeelingofclassism（阶级歧视）.Andintheory,handingrestaurantcustomersthepowertotipisatleastsupposedtomotivatebetterservice.Thisfailsinpracticebecausehumansturnouttobeprettyarbitrary（随意的）abouttheirtippingbehavior.Researchhasshownthattheamountdinerstiphasverylittletodowiththeirlevelofsatisfaction.Allofthisdoesn'tencouragewaitersandwaitressestodoanythingbutturnoverasmanytablesaspossible.

   Tippingisalsoveryunfairtokitchenstaff.Thelawallowsrestaurantstodividetipsbetweenfront-of-the-houseworkerslikewaiters,hosts,hostesses,andbartenders（调酒师）,butnotcooks.Thiscreatesasysteminwhichthepeopleservingthefoodinarestaurantcanearnmorethanthepeoplepreparingit.

   OneofthemostfascinatingpartsofMeyer'smoveisthat,unlikesomerestaurantownerswhohavetakenananti-tippingstand,hewon'tsimplyaddastandardextrachargetodiners'bills.Rather,UnionSquareHospitalityGroupmeanstoraisemenupricesenoughtofullycoverthecostofameal.IfMeyermanagestomoveawayfromtippingatallwithouthurtinghisprofits,itwouldalmostcertainlysetthestageforotherstofollowsuit.

（1）What'sDannyMeyer'sattitudetowardsstoppingtipping?

A. Negative.                        B. Supportive.                        C. Objective.                        D. Doubtful.

（2）WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?

A. Tippingmaydisturbtherestaurants'management.         

B. Tippingwillguaranteedinershighqualityservice.

C. Tippingcanarousethestaff'senthusiasmforwork.         

D. Tippingwillbringcustomersasenseofsatisfaction.

（3）WhatcanweknowaboutUnionSquareHospitalitygroup?

A. BrianPalmerisinchargeofitnow.                

B. Itscooksearnmuchmorethanitsservers.

C. Restauranttippinghasbeentotallybannedthere.         

D. Dinerswillbechargedmoreforthedishesthere.

（4）Whatisthetopicofthepassage?

A. Restaurants'gettingridoftipping.                 B. Difficultiesthatrestaurantsarefacedwith.

C. Thepopularityofno-tippingrestaurants.         

D. Tipsonrunningrestaurantssuccessfully.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了强迫服务员和侍者靠顾客的小费，而不是正常的工资维持生计是一种毫无意义、粗鲁、独特的美国风俗，过去几年，一些进步的餐馆老板试图消除这种风俗。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“DannyMeyer,CEOofUnionSquareHospitalityGroup,isabouttojointheirranksandhasannouncedthatheplanstograduallystoptippingatthecompany's13restaurants.”可知DannyMeyer宣布他计划逐步停止在该公司13家餐厅给小费，这表明他对停止给小费是支持的，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“leavingawaiter'spayinthehandsofcustomershasafeelingofclassism（阶级歧视）．Thisfailsinpracticebecausehumansturnouttobeprettyarbitrary（随意的）abouttheirtippingbehavior.”和“Allofthisdoesn'tencouragewaitersandwaitressestodoanythingbutturnoverasmanytablesaspossible.”可知给服务员小费有一个阶级歧视的感觉，由于人类的随意性并不能达到预期效果，起不到鼓励服务员的作用。

这些都会扰乱饭店的管理，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Rather,UnionSquareHospitalityGroupmeanstoraisemenupricesenoughtofullycoverthecostofameal.”可知UnionSquareHospitalityGroup打算提高菜单价格，这样顾客就会为饭菜多支付钱，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“DannyMeyer,……hasannouncedthatheplanstograduallystoptippingatthecompany's13restaurants.”点明了本文主要内容，下文介绍了给小费的不良影响及DannyMeyer这一举动的意义。

本文是围绕禁止给小费这一事件写的，Restaurants'gettingridoftipping适合作为标题，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．

阅读理解

   "Tomorrowisanotherday"—thislinehasimpressedvariouspeopleatvarioustimes.It'snow70yearsafteritappearedinthefilm,butitstillseemstoholditspowerespeciallyduringaneconomicdownturn.

   ThephrasecomesfromafilmadaptationofMargaretMitchell'ssuccessful1936novelGoneWiththeWind.It'ssetintheAmericanSouthandtellsthestoryofastrongheroine,ScarlettO'Hara,whostrugglestofindloveduringtheCivilWarand,afterwards,ofherstrengthinsurvivingthewaranditshardships.

   Lovestory

   Inamomentofdespair,ScarlettfinallyrealizesthatherlovebelongstoRhettButler.Formanyaudiences,itisthethemeofloveandstrugglethathaskeptthemoviealive.WhiletheburningofAtlantamightseemirrelevant（不相关的）totoday'sviewers,thetimelessthemeoflovekeepsitsabilitytotouchpeople.

   Withapromisetoherloverstillinhermind,ScarlettchoosestostayinthemidstofwarandtakecareofMelanie.ButherheartisbrokenwhenRhettjustwalksaway,leavingthewomanthatheoncelovedwithcruelwords,"Frankly,dear,Idon'tgiveadamn."（毫不在乎）

   Greatepic（史诗）

   Thefilmshowsthelove-haterelationshipofthesecharacters,butalsoAmericanhistory,thefalloftheConfederacyandthefollowingperiodofReconstructionintheSouth.Thebackgroundmadethisfilmatrueclassicintheepicgenre.

   WhenthefilmopenedafterWorldWarII,Frenchviewerslovedit,anditremindedthemoftheirfightagainsttheNazis.In1940Shanghai,duringtheWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression（侵略）,peoplestoodinlineforhourstowatchthisfilm,andsawthesamesufferingtheywerehavingaswellasthehopeandpossibilityofbuildinganewhomelandfromtheruins.Eachnationalitycouldidentifywiththestoryandseeitasavictory.Infact,GoneWiththeWindneverlostitscharmandabilitytoinspireandamaze.

   Biggestofalltime

   Thefilmhadfivedirectors,15-plusscreenwriters,andanunexpected$3.9millionbudget.Thefilmbroughtin$200million,whichmakesitthebiggestsellingfilmofalltimesinNorthAmerica.Italsowon10Academyawardsin1940.

（1）Theunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphrefersto______.

A. thenovelGonewiththeWind                        

B. "tomorrowisanotherday"

C. themovieGonewiththeWind                       

D. theAcademyAward

（2）Thetextiswrittenmainlyto______.

A. celebratetheanniversaryofMargaretMitchell         B. introducehowthefilmwasdirectedandfilmed

C. throwlighton（阐述）thecharmofthemovie"GonewiththeWind"         D. inspirepeopletostruggletheeconomicdownturn

（3）ItcanbeconcludedthatScarlettO'Harais______.

A. optimisticandlucky                                         

B. childishandrealistic

C. caringandstubborn                                        

D. strong-mindedandpersistent（坚毅的）

（4）ThepassagementionsShanghaiinorderto______.

A. provethatthebackgroundofthemovietouchedviewers         B. describehowpopularthemoviewasatthattime

C. pointoutthatShanghaiwasacenterofentertainment         D. tellusthatChineseweresufferingtheWarthen

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，阐明了飘这部电影的魅力所在。

（1）考查代词指代。

根据上下文很清楚知道这里的it指代上文提及的Tomorrowisanotherday这句话，故选B。

（2）考查写作意图。

通读文章可知文章是阐明这部电影的魅力所在，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Withapromisetoherloverstillinhermind,ScarlettchoosestostayinthemidstofwarandtakecareofMelanie.”可知她很坚强，故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

倒数第三段提到的几个例子正是为了证明倒数第四段中的“Thebackgroundmadethisfilmatrueclassicintheepicgenre.”故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及代词指代，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Anewstudyhasshownhowcomputersandrobotspoweredbyartificialintelligencecanreadhumaneyemovementsto"read"humanpersonalities.

   Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.Andifthatistrue,computersandrobotspoweredbysophisticated（复杂的）artificialintelligencealgorithms（算法）maysoonhavetheabilitytopeerintoyoursoul.Thatistheresultofanewstudyontheconnectionbetweeneyemovementsandpersonality,conductedbyneuroscienceresearchersbasedattheUniversityofSouthAustraliaandPublishedinthescientificJournalFrontiersinNeuroscience.

   "Eyemovementsduringaneverydaytaskpredictaspectsofourpersonality,"wrotetheresearchers,ledbyUniversityofSouthAustralianeuroscientistTobiasLoetscher,whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits（特点）with"well-establishedquestionnaires"fordeterminingpersonalitytype,accordingtoasummaryofthestudypublishedbythesiteScienceDaily.

   TheresearchersfedthedataintotheirAlalgorithmsandfoundthatcomputersrunningthealgorithmswereabletorecordhumaneyemovementsandimmediatelydetermineaperson'smajorpersonalitytraits,suchas"neuroticism,extraversion（外向），agreeableness,conscientiousness,aswellasperceptual（感知的）curiosity",thescientistswrote.

   "Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines,"Loetschersaid.

   "Peoplearealwayslookingforimproved,personalizedservices.Today'srobotsandcomputersarenotsociallyawaresotheycannotadapttonon-verbalinformation,"LoetschersaidinastatementquotedbyIndianExpress.Thisresearchprovidesopportunitiestodeveloprobotsandcomputerssothattheycanbecomemorenatural,andbetteratinterpretinghumansocialsignals."

   Thestudyrevealedpreviouslyundiscoveredrelationsbetweenspecificpersonalitychar