语法专题八 情态动词8.docx

语法专题八 情态动词8.docx

《语法专题八 情态动词8.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语法专题八 情态动词8.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

语法专题八情态动词8

第八讲　情态动词

一．真题自测

1.（四川卷13）—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.

—Well,you_______

A.could    B.would  C.should       D.might

2.（江苏卷28）Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthathe        itdifferently.

A.couldexpress                       B.wouldexpress

C.couldhaveexpressed                D.musthaveexpressed

3.（全国卷I25）Whatdoyoumean,thereareonlytentickets?

There            betwelve.

  A.should                                B.would

  C.will                                   D.shall

4.（湖南卷30）—It’stheoffice!

Soyou       knoweatingisnotallowedhere.           

      —Oh,sorry.

A.must   B.will      C.may D.need      

5.（辽宁卷29）Thetrafficisheavythesedays.I           arriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?

Acan      Bmust    Cneed    Dmight

6.（全国卷II20）Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatI_____stayhereuntilshecomesback.

  A.can          B.must            C.will       D.may

7.（浙江卷13）Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou         swimaftereatingalargemeal.

Awouldn’t   Bcouldn’t    Cneedn’t    Dshouldn’t

8.（重庆卷32）—Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?

—She_____intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.

A.shallbe             B.shouldhavebeen

C.mustbe             D.mighthavebeen

9.（北京卷25）Oneofthefewthingsyou___sayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.

A.need   B.must   C.should  D.can

10.（天津卷15）Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

  A.would         B.should    C.could     D.might

二．考点讲义

情态动词

一、定义

情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。

二、特点

1．有一定词义；

2．不受主语人称和数的变化影响；

3．与主要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除oughtto作固定词组看待）。

情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。

个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。

情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。

基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想。

三、用法

1．can（could）

EveryoneherecanspeakEnglish.（表能力）

Hecan't/couldn'thaveseenherthere.（表猜测）

Hecouldhavegonehome.（表猜测）

Could/CanIuseyourpen?

Yes,ofcourseyoucan.（表允许）

Howcanyoubesocareless?

（表怀疑、惊异，主要用于否定、疑问句）

Can/Couldyoulendmeahand?

（表委婉发表观点）

2．may（might）

Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.（表允许，证据更委婉）

注：

在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其他方式，如Yes,please./Certainly./Pleasedon't./You'dbetternot./No,youmustn't.等，以免显得太严谨或不客气。

Theymightbehavingameeting,butI'mnotsure.（表可能）

3．must

Youmustbuyaticket.（表义务，意为“必须”）

注：

回答Must...?

引出的问句时，肯定回答用must;否定回答不能用mustn't,而要用needn't或don'thaveto。

—MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?

—Yes,youmust.（No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.）

ThismustbeLucy's.（表猜测，意为“想必；准是；一定”等，用于肯定）

“musthave＋过去分词”表示“想必”之意，表示对过去的事情的推测。

4．shall

ShallIplaysocceraftersupper?

MayIplaysocceraftersupper?

Ifyoudon'tbehaveyourself,youshallbepunished.

5．will

Iwilldoanythingforyou.我愿为你做任何事。

（表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句）

Willyougivemeacigarette?

OrIwilltelltheboss.（表请求，用于疑问句）

Shewillstandtheresleepingforhours.（表示某种倾向或习惯性动作）

6．should

Youshouldn'tbesocareless.（表义务，意为“应该”，用于各种人称）

TheyshouldhavearrivedinBeijingbythistime.（表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等）

Itissimplyamiraclethatriceshouldgrowinsuchaplace.（表示语气较强的意为“假设；万一；竟然”）

7．would

IsaidIwoulddoanythingforyou.（表意愿）

Wouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothenearestbusstop?

（表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法）

Whenhehadaproblemtosolve,hewouldworkatituntilhefoundananswer.（表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向）

8．oughtto

Ireallyoughttophonemymother.（表义务，意为“应该”，口气比should稍重）

There'safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.（表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱）

9．usedto

Thereusedtobeabuildingatthestreetcorner,butithasbeenpulleddown.（表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不再发生或不复存在）

Iusedn't/didn'tusetosmoke.（否定式）

Usedyou（Didyouuse）togotoschoolonfoot?

（疑问式）

三．考点强化

情态动词和虚拟语气

（2011全国卷I）32.They________havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.

A.willB.can

C.mustD.should

（2011全国卷II）8.Ifyou_______smoke,pleasegooutside.

A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may

（2011北京卷）24.-Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?

-Don’tworry.He__________come.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.

A.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot

（2011北京卷）30.MaybeifI_______science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.

A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying

（2011北京卷）28.-Wherearethechildren?

Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.

-Iwishthey_________alwayslate.

A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen

（2011上海卷）28.I_____worryaboutmyweekend—Ialwayshavemyplansreadybeforeitcomes.

A.can’tB.mustn’tC.daren’tD.needn’t

（2011天津卷）15.I______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome

（2011江西卷）23.It______bethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlysixo’clock.

A.mustn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t

（2011江西卷）28.We______John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.

A.willputB.willhaveputC.wouldputD.wouldhaveput

（2011江苏卷）34.—Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittotherailwayofficials.

—Howunbelievabletogetitback!

Imean,someone_______it.

A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolenC.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen

（2011安徽卷）26.—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?

—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_____.

A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplaceC.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced

（2011浙江卷）11.—How’syournewbabysitter?

—We______askforabetterone.Allourkidslovehersomuch.

A.shouldB.mightC.mustn’tD.couldn’t

（2011福建卷）25.—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?

—Iamafraidyou_______,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.

A.willB.mustC.mayD.can

（2011福建卷）34.—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.

—I____it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.

A.attendedB.hadattended

C.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended

（2011四川卷）20.Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey______..

A.canB.mayC.mustD.should

（2011辽宁卷）21.Ifyou__go,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.

A.canB.mayC.mustD.will

（2011陕西卷）22.I__________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.

A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone

（2011陕西卷）24.—Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?

--OK.You________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.

A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall

（2011重庆卷）25.——Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?

——Iwantto,butmymomsimply_________notletmeoutsolateatnight.

A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should

（2011湖南卷）28.---Noone_______becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.

---Oh,youarereallyhisbigfan.

A.canB.needC.mustD.might

（2012全国卷I）30.I___useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.

A.couldn'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't

（2012全国卷II）17.I’mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifI___findthemoney.

A.canB.mightC.wouldD.need

（2012北京卷）33.We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?

A.shouldfaceB.mightfaceC.couldhavefacedD.musthavefaced

（2012北京卷）35.Don’thandlethevaseasifit____madeofsteel.

A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen

（2012上海卷）（2012上海卷）28.Thenewlawstatesthatpeople______driveafterdrinkingalcohol.

A.wouldn'tB.needn'tC.won'tD.mustn't

（2012天津卷）8.It’squitewarmhere;we__________turntheheatingonyet.

A.couldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t

（2012天津卷）15.Wewouldn’thavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold__________usaridehome.

A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’toffered

（2012江苏卷）28.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but________saywherehewas.

A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.wouldn’tD.mightn’t

（2012安徽卷）31.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe________there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.

A.livesB.wouldliveC.livedD.werelive

（2012湖南卷）29.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI________time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had

（2012福建卷）31.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____moreplacesofinterestyesterday.

A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisited

（2012陕西卷）17.Ifmaycar_________morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.

A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe

（2012陕西卷）23.I______thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.

A.won’tB.can’tC.canD.will

（2012山东卷）30.Ifwe_______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.

A.haven’tmadeB.wouldn’tmakeC.didn’tmakeD.hadn’tmade

（2012重庆卷）25.—________youinterruptnow?

Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?

—SorrySir,butit’surgent.

A.CanB.ShouldC.MustD.Would

（2012四川卷）19.IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese,andIsaid“NiHao”justasI___doinChina.

A.mustB.mightC.canD.should

（2012江西卷）22．WehaveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewon’tbewithusfordinner.

A．maynotB．needn’tC．can’tD．mustn’t

（2012浙江卷）19.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_______secondthoughts.

A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad

（2012辽宁卷）24.Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentwearschooluniformwhileatschool